2022年高考英语人教版第二轮复习知识点精讲08情态动词和虚拟语气(习题)(三)(解析版).docx

I. 单项填空1. Lucas failed his driving test again. _ harder, he _the test now.A. If he practiced; would passB. Had he practiced; would passC. Did he follow; would have passedD. Should he practice; would have passed【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：Lucas驾照考试又失败了，如果他更加努力地练习，现在他就通过考试了。根据语境可知，从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，省略if，had提前使用倒装句。主句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语动词用would+原形动词。故选B。 2. If we_ a table in advance, we wouldn't be standing here in the long queue.A. reserveB. reservedC. have reservedD. had reserved【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我们事先预定了一张桌子，我们就不会站在这长长的队伍里了。根据句意可知，从句是对过去的虚拟，与过去事实相反，所以从句中应使用过去完成时；主句与现在事实相反，使用would/ could/ might/ should do结果。故选D。3. Instead of making choices for their children, liberal parents usually say, “Go where you _ .”A. willB. shouldC. canD.must【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词。句意：开明的父母通常会说：“去你想去的地方吧”，而不是替他们的孩子做选择。A. will愿意，意志；B. should应该；C. can能够；D. must必须。故选A。4. All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he _ badly wounded and that he _ at once.A. should be; be operated onB. were; must be operated onC. be; was operated onD. was; be operated on【答案】D【解析】考查insist的用法。句意为：医院里所有的医生都坚持认为他伤情很严重并坚决主张他必须马上做手术。Insist表示“坚持说、坚持认为”之意时，后面的从句使用陈述语气，表示“坚决主张、坚决要求” 之意时，后面的从句使用（should）do的虚拟语气。5. My sister is very upset today. Its your fault. You _ the bad news to her yesterday.A. should tellB. should have toldC. shouldnt have toldD. must tell【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词+have done结构。句意为：我妹妹今天很沮丧。是你的错，你昨天不应该把那个坏消息告诉她。shouldnt have done表示“不应该做而做了”。6. Its just too difficult. Ive tried several times but still cannot work it out. You _a wrong approach. Adopt a new way and see what would happen.A. should have takenB. neednt have takenC. must have takenD. cant have taken【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词+have done结构。句意为：它太难了。我尝试了很多次但还是没有算出来。你一定是用错了方法，换一种新方法，然后看看怎么样。对过去的事情有把握的猜测用must have done。7. Faced with the phenomenon that actors and actresses catch public attention, many people insisted that it _ wrong and more _ should be given to those devoted scientists.A. was; creditB.be; honourC. should be; appreciationD.is; recognition【答案】A【解析】考查insist的用法和名词辨析。句意为：面对男演员和女演员吸引公众注意的现象，很多人坚持认为这是不对的，人们应该赞许那些有献身精神的科学家。第一个空insist表示“坚持说、坚持认为”时，后面的从句不用虚拟语气，应该和insisted保持一致用一般过去时，第二个空give credit to表示“赞许”。8. If you _ the Minister of Education, which subject would you rather have _ from the College Entrance Examination?A. are; includedB. had been; been excludedC. were to; includeD. were; removed【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气和动词辨析。句意为：假如你是教育部长，你愿意把哪一科从大学入学考试中删除？第一个空表示对将来的假设，be动词应该用were的虚拟，第二个空removefrom表示“把从中去掉”。9. Judging from her expression, she the news that Charlie had returned from Britain.A. shouldnt have knownB. cant have knownC. mustnt have knownD. neednt have known【答案】B【解析】考查情态动词+have done结构。句意为：从她的表情判断，她不可能知道Charlie已经从英国回来了。cant have done表示“不可能做过”。10. Is Mike coming to this party? He should but he not. Because he has a lot of work to do tonight.A. mustB. needC. mayD. would【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词。句意为：Mike将会来参加聚会吗？应该会，但也可能不来，因为今晚他有很多作业要做。由句意可知用may表示“也许、可能”。II. 语法填空The distance between ancient Rome and ancient China was about 4,000 miles by land. It was a very 1(danger) trip with deserts and mountains. The Silk Road was a nickname for any route 2any trader took from China to Rome.For a very long time, the ancient Romans did not know who was making the wonderful cloth 3(call) silk. They tried to find the traders as they came into villages to trade other goods for silk, but the traders 4(hide) from the Romans. Therefore, they had to trade for 5themselves. The trading along the Silk Road was a relay system. One trader would travel 6a while, stop and trade, and return home. The next trader would continue. And so it went. But 7(actual) no trader made the whole trip. It was too risky.As the years went by, a civilization of sorts grew up along the Silk Road. Temples appeared. There were even 8(city) built on the rare oasis (绿洲). It was never easy9(travel) by land from China to Rome, but it was worth it. Romans traded gold for Chinas silk and spices. But 10(many) things traveled the Silk Road than traders and goods. Ideas that changed the world traveled along the Silk Road as well.II. 语法填空【文章大意】本文是说明文，介绍了丝绸之路的起源。1. dangerous 【解析】考查形容词。这是一段非常危险的旅程。修饰trip应用形容词，故填dangerous。2. that 【解析】考查定语从句。丝绸之路是任何商人走的从中国到罗马的任何路线的别称。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，在从句中作took的宾语，且先行词route前有any修饰，故此处只能用关系代词that。3. called 【解析】考查非谓语动词。很长时间以来，古罗马人不知道是谁生产出了这种被称为丝绸的极好的布料。cloth与call之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，填called。4. hid 【解析】考查动词时态。但是那些商人躲开了罗马人。本文的基本时态为一般过去时，故此处亦用一般过去时。hide的过去式是hid。5. it 【解析】考查代词。因此他们不得不自己(用其他物品来)换取丝绸。根据语境可知，空处指代上文中的"silk"，故填it。6. for 【解析】考查介词。 一个商人会旅行一段时间，(然后)停下来进行交易，随后返回。for a while"暂时，一会儿"，是固定搭配。7. actually 【解析】考查副词。但是，事实上没有一个商人成功地走完全程。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作状语，修饰整个句子，故应用副词形式。actually"事实上，实际上"。8. cities 【解析】考查名词复数。由句中的were可知这里要用名词复数，故填cities。9. to travel 【解析】考查非谓语动词。走陆路从中国到罗马绝非易事，但很值得。此处考查的是"it is + adj. + to do sth."这一固定结构，it在这里作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，故填to travel。10. more 【解析】考查形容词比较级。在丝绸之路上传送的事物比商人和货物更多。由句中的than可知这里要用形容词的比较级，故填more。