2022高考英语二轮复习讲义及练习11并列句和状语从句(讲义)(一).docx

考点【考点解读】把握引导并列句和时间、地点、条件、让步、比较、原因状语从句的连词的运用；掌握状语从句的时态、语态、语气和省略【命题预测】考查考生对不同类型从句的辨别能力，与其他从句、句型结合起来一起考查近年高考的发展趋向：从属连词在具体语境中的运用，及从属连词词义的延伸。设问角度倾向于多样化。考向1 并列句一、并列连词1.表示并列关系的连词：and: 可用来连接两个或两个以上的单词/短语或句子，表示一种顺接的关系。 He helps me and I help him. 他帮我，我帮他。bothand：两个都，连接两个并列主语时谓语动词用复数。 Both Li Ping and Mary are going to the Great Wall tomorrow. neithernor: 既不也不，连接的并列成分可在句中作主语、表语、宾语等。连接并列成分 作主语时，谓语动词通常与nor后的部分保持一致。 Neither he nor I am right. not onlybut also: 不仅而且，强调后者；引导并列主语时，谓语动词与后面的主语保持 一致。 Not only the students but also the teacher gives the money to our school.2. 表示选择关系的连词：or：用于否定句中连接并列成分，表示和，与；用于祈使句+or+陈述句中，意为否则，要不 然。 The baby is too young. He cant speak or walk.eitheror：要么要么，连接的并列成分可在句中作主语、表语、宾语等。连接并列成分作主语时，谓语动词通常与or后的部分保持一致。 Either Tom is coming or his sisters are. 不是汤姆就是她的姐妹们要来。3. 表示转折关系的并列连词but但是，所连接的成分意思相反或相对。Our school is small but beautiful.while然而，可是，表对比。He went out for a walk, while I stayed at home.yet但是，然而，用于转折。I have failed, yet I shall try again. 我失败了，但我还要尝试。4. 表示因果关系的并列连词由于，因为，表示原因，不能放在句首，也不能单独使用；for引导的从句不能位于not，but或任何连词之后。The days were short, for it was now December. for：因此，所以，表示结果，so不能和because连用。There were no buses, so I came by bicycle.so：4. 其他常用并列连词 when可作并列连词，意为“正在这时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird. 汤姆正要关窗户，这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住了。One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help. 一个礼拜五，我们正在收拾行李去度周末，这时我的女儿听到求救的呼喊。He had just finished his homework when his mother asked him to play the piano. 他刚完成作业母亲就让他弹钢琴。注意：(1)and, not only.but (also)., neither. nor.等词连接的并列句，在意义上主要对前一句子作补充或引申。One day, I was late, and my teacher was angry. 有一天我迟到了，我的老师生气了。Think it over, and you'll find a way out. 仔细考虑，你将发现一条出路。Not only is he himself interested in the subject, but also his students begin to show interest in it. 不仅他自己对这个科目感兴趣，他的学生也开始表现出兴趣。(2)or, either.or.连接并列句表示选择意义。The children can go with us, or they can stay in. (选择) 孩子们可以跟我们一起去，也可以留下。The workers were cheerful, or at least they appeared to be cheerful. (换个说法) 工人们非常高兴，或者说他们至少表现得很高兴。Be careful, or you will break your neck. (否定条件) 小心点，否则你会折断脖子的。(3) but/while/however的区别：but表示意义的转折；while既表示转折又表示对比；however为表示转折意义的副词，常用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。Neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing other people, but there are times when some level of disturbance is unavoidable. 邻居们应尽可能避免烦扰别人，但是很多时候有些打扰是不可避免的。There's no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery while another man, also intelligent, fails. 为什么一个人会做出一个重要的发现，而另一个人，也很聪明但是失败了，这不得而知。二、常考并列句句型“祈使句and/or陈述句”句型：(1)祈使句+and+陈述句=if , +主句。Find ways to praise your children often, and youll find they will open their hearts to you. =If you find ways to praise your children often, youll find they will open their hearts to you.(2)祈使句+or/otherwise+陈述句=if.not , +主句。Hurry up or we will be late. =If you dont hurry up, we will be late经典例题 1.（2018·新课标卷I·短文改错）At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, but he agreed.【参考答案】but改为and【答案解析】考查并列连词的用法。我计划每两年回来一次，他同意了。此处是并列关系，故将but改成and。2. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructors orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes（改为went） blank, I forgot what he had said to me altogether.【参考答案】so改为but/yet【答案解析】考查连词。根据句意可知作者本以为自己已经掌握了教练的话，结果一发动车，脑中一片空白，前后文为转折关系，故将so改为but或yet。3. I had（改为have） grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.【参考答案】and改为but【答案解析】考查连词。固定短语not onlybut also意为不但而且。4. Peter, please send us postcards _ we'll know where you have visited.No problem.A. but B. or C. for D. so【参考答案】D【答案解析】考查连词。句意：彼得， 请发给我们明信片以便我们能知道你参观过的地方。没问题。so (that) 意为为了，以便，由句意可知答案选 D。5.I am not afraid of tomorrow, _ I have seen yesterday and I love today.A. so B. andC. for D. but【参考答案】C【答案解析】考查并列连词。句意：我不害怕明天，因为我已经经历了昨天并且深爱着今天。so后跟结果；and表并列关系；for补充说明原因；but表转折。故选C。