2022届新高考英语人教版二轮复习学案-2.3巧用“重复信息”稳解七选五.docx

第三讲巧用“重复信息”，稳解七选五实际上，“七选五”的题目选择不是个个都难，难就难在其中13道特别的题目上，这些题目或是因为蕴含的信息更为丰富，或是选项高度相似，或是逻辑关系相近，总让人感到很是纠结。那么，此时学生就要学会利用种种重复信息，达到抽丝剥茧的效果。微技能1原词重复信息原词复现是指一个句子中的关键词(常为动词、名词、形容词)会反复出现在文中的其他句子中。这些词会以不同词类、词性、数、格、时态、语态等形式出现。如：“looks”与“looking”“looked”；“go”与“going”“went”等。根据语言习惯，第一句的宾语往往是第二句的主语，或者前后句有相同、重叠的词语。因此，要学会寻找空格前后句句中的相同关键词。典例2021·全国卷甲Invite 510 people so you have a nice selection. 37.Less people than that, and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable._38_.They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.ALess people than thatBHold a clothing swapCIf two people are competingDJust keep music playing throughoutEDonate whatever clothes are left overFHave everyone put their clothes in the right spotsGTell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition解析：本题考查原词复现。本段空白后“They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their new clothes home.”讲他们还应准备大量的可回收的袋子，来把“新”衣服带回家。其中的“clothes”原词复现是解题提示，同时“new”表明衣服应该是好的，对应G选项中的“clean”“in good condition”。自主解答：_微技能2代词重复信息为了避免与上文提到的名词重复，用不同的代词指代上文提到的人、事物或事件。如：it指代单数名词、不可数名词、句子；they指代复数名词；ones泛指复数名词。还有反身代词、指示代词、关系代词等。典例2021·浙江卷1月Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long，snaking linecalled a serpentine lineand serve each person at the front with the next available register. _34_ This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line，a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead，it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall.AWhy does this always seem to happen to you?BSo why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?CSome of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.DThe chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.EHow high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?FWith three registers，this method is much faster than the traditional approach.GBut sometimes，as on a Sunday afternoon，the system gets particularly busy.解析：本题考查上下文衔接。前一段提到如果商店中排起了三个结账的队伍，那么结账时延误情况的出现是随机的。本段提到研究人员为解决这一问题，想出了一个好办法：让所有人排成一队，排在最前面的人到可用的收银机处结账。F 项能很好地承接上文，同时F项中的this method是空后This的指代对象，代词重复是一个很好的解题信号。自主解答： _微技能3派生词重复信息派生词重复信息是指文中选项位置的前后两句中出现意义相关的派生词，因表达的需要而重复出现一到两次，重复出现的过程中，上下文存在着逻辑关系，起着前后衔接作用，这有利于做题时锁定关键词，找出正确答案。典例2021·全国卷乙And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party，the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬). _40_.Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”AHow do you know the hostBThe first step is to go exploringCIf you ask the question “How did you get here？”DBe prepared to have awkward conversations with strangersE.Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to sayFWhat about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talkingGHe or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most解析：考查上下文衔接。本段主要讲面对“dinner-party killer：awkward silence”(晚宴杀手：尴尬的沉默)时应该怎么办。根据空前的“the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬)”可知，解决办法是赞扬晚宴的主人，G项“He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most”(他或她是最能感受到这种尴尬的人)符合语境。G选项中的“He or she”指代the host，“awkwardness”同义复现也是解题提示。自主解答：_微技能4同义重复信息此处的同义多指意义相同或相近的词、词组或句子，如room和space。典例2021·浙江卷1月If there are three lines in the store，delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the probability：_33_ So it's not just in your mind：Another line probably is moving faster.AWhy does this always seem to happen to you?BSo why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?CSome of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.DThe chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.EHow high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?FWith three registers，this method is much faster than the traditional approach.GBut sometimes，as on a Sunday afternoon，the system gets particularly busy.解析：考查上下文衔接。空前的probability与D项中的chances和one in three呼应，同时D项与空后一句“So it's not just in your mind：Another line probably is moving faster”呼应，符合语境。自主解答：_微技能5反义重复信息顾名思义，此处指上下文中有互为相反词义的单词、短语或者意思相反的句子。典例2021·全国卷甲A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.·Invite 5 10 people so you have a nice selection. _37_， and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.ALess people than thatBHold a clothing swapCIf two people are competingDJust keep music playing throughoutEDonate whatever clothes are left overFHave everyone put their clothes in the right spotsGTell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition解析：根据本段空白处后文“more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable”，超过510人，则无法控制，可知分号前后是两个相反意义的对比关系，根据反义信息“more than”，可以推理得知空白处想表达人太少的含义。自主解答：_Test 12021·南昌市一模How to Start a Habit of Making ArtMaking art can reduce stress and anxiety and improve your mood. But you don't have to be a full-time artist to get those health benefits. _1_ And the more you do it, the better. Here are the things you need to know to kick-start your creative art habit._2_ In fact, there are no differences in health outcomes between those who identify themselves as experienced artists and those who don't. So no matter what your skill level is, you'll be able to feel all the good things coming with making art.It's good to figure out your way of creative expression. Start with what you enjoy. Anything that engages (吸引住) your creative mind is good for you. You can do that through many activities: finger painting, cooking, baking, oil painting. And don't feel like you have to stick to one thing. _3_You can think about making art like any healthy habit, such as eating well or exercising. Just as you make time to work, exercise and hang out with friends, you should make time for your artistic creation. Doing just 10 minutes of art each day can do wonders. In addition to carving out time, you can also carve out a physical space in your home for art. _4_ If space is an issue, put it all in a container that's easily accessible.The more you're able to make art a regular habit, the more you're likely to get this great reward: this wonderful thing that happens when you're in the zone. _5_ We can feel that flow when filling in lines with color and when drawing pleasing backgrounds, such as jungle or garden scenes.AScientists call it “flow”BDo whatever you're interested in.CAll you need to do is just make art.DIt frees me up to explore new ideas.ESet up a corner table for your art supplies.FMaking art helps us make sense of feelings.GEveryone has the ability of creative expression.Test 22021·昆明市“三诊一模”质量检测A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the company he keeps, for there is the companionship of books as well as of men. _1_A good book may be among the best of friends. It's the same today that it always was, and it will never change. It is the most patient and cheerful of companions. _2_ It always receives us with the same kindness, amusing and instructing us in youth, and comforting and supporting us in age. _3_ They do so just as two persons sometimes discover a friend by the admiration which they both have for a third. There's a proverb, “Love me, love my dog.” But there is more wisdom in this: “Love me, love my book.” The book is a truer and higher bond of union. Men can think, feel, and sympathize with each other through their favorite author.Books introduce us into the best society. _4_ We hear what they said and did; we see them as if they were really alive; we sympathize with them, enjoy them; their experience becomes ours, and we feel as if we were actors or actresses with them in the scenes which they describe.There is a story of two men: one was a king, who dreamed every night that he was a beggar; the other was a beggar, who dreamed every night that he was a prince, and lived in a palace. _5_ But when we read, we may not only be kings and live in palaces, but, what is far better, we may transport ourselves to the mountains or the seashore, and visit the most beautiful parts of the world, without tiredness, inconvenience or expense.AImagination is sometimes more vivid than reality.BBooks are to mankind what memory is to a man.CNothing in books can long survive but what is really good.DIt doesn't turn its back upon us in times of difficulty or hardship.EThey bring us into the presence of the greatest minds that have ever lived.FAnd one should live in the best company whether it may be the company of books or men.GMen discover their liking for each other by the love they each have for a book.第三讲巧用“重复信息”，稳解七选五技法全握·才能稳拿高分微技能1答案：G微技能2答案：F微技能3答案：G微技能4答案：D微技能5答案：A随堂落实·创新应用体验Test 1语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自我生活与学习如何培养艺术创作的习惯【文章大意】本文主要介绍了艺术创作对身心健康的作用以及如何培养艺术创作习惯。1答案与解析：C考查上下文衔接。根据空处上句可知，你无需成为全职的艺术家来获得这些健康益处；根据空处下句可知，你做得越多越好。据此可知，空处应介绍你需要做的事情，C项(你所需要做的就是进行艺术创作)承接上文，引出下文，符合语境。2答案与解析：G考查段落主旨句。根据空处位置并结合文章结构可知，空处为该段主旨句；根据空后内容可知，该段主要说明每个人都有创造性表达能力，故G项正确。3答案与解析：B考查上下文衔接。根据空处上文可知，你可以通过很多活动来做到这一点：手指画、烹饪、烘焙、油画。不要觉得你必须坚持做一件事。据此可知，B项(做你感兴趣的事情)承接上文，符合语境。4答案与解析：E考查上下文衔接。由空前一句可知，除了腾出时间，你还可以在家里腾出一个地方来进行艺术创作。E项承接此句，建议在角落摆一张桌子放你的艺术用品，故E项正确。5答案与解析：A考查上下文衔接。A项中的“flow”与空后一句中的flow相呼应，代入A项后可知，A项中的“it”指代空前一句中的“this wonderful thing”，A项衔接上下文，符合语境，故A项正确。Test 2语篇类型：议论文主题语境：人与自我生活与学习与好书为伍【文章大意】书本如同朋友，无论择书还是择友，我们都应择其最佳者而从之。好书如益友，可以陶冶性情，增长见识，指引方向，还可以让我们凭借想象神驰群山，畅游海滨，遍访世界上最美丽的地方，却没有疲惫、不方便且不花钱。1答案与解析：F考查上下文衔接。该句为首段尾句，起着承上启下的作用；根据上文可知，有人以人为伴，也有人以书为伴；根据下文介绍的好书对我们的益处可以判断，空处说的是“无论是书还是人，我们都应该以最好的为伴”，故F项正确。2答案与解析：D考查上下文衔接。空处位于段中，全段都在讲好书的益处，上文提到，好书是最有耐心且令人愉快的伙伴；据此可知，D项“在困难或艰难时期，好书不会背叛我们”符合语境。3答案与解析：G考查段落主旨句。空处位于该段句首；根据空后一句可知，这就像有时两个人因为敬慕同一个人而成为朋友一样。G项“人们通过彼此对一本书的喜爱来发现对彼此的喜欢”和下文形成类比。故G项符合语境。4答案与解析：E考查上下文衔接。根据该段首句可知，书籍引导我们进入最优秀的社会群体。空处承上启下，说明好书的作用：它们把我们带到历代伟人巨匠的面前。故E项符合语境。5答案与解析：A考查上下文衔接。上文提到了国王和乞丐的故事，下文出现了转折，读书时我们不仅可以成为国王，住在王宫里，而且更妙的是，我们可以神驰群山，或畅游海滨，我们也可遍访世界上最美丽的地方，而没有疲惫、不方便且不花钱。故A项“想象有时比现实更生动”衔接上下文，符合语境。