精品解析：广东省深圳市高级中学高一上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）.doc

深圳高级中学20202021学年第一学期期中测试题高一英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。需改动用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AMusic and art festivals are fun and exciting events. If you're panning to go to a festival, it's important to plan your trip carefully to ensure that you re safe and have a good time.Bring clothes to keep warm or coolIn addition t0 your fun festival clothing, pack a raincoat, some light tank tops, and a sweater or sweatshirt. Don't forget longer pants for cool evenings or bad weather. In general, it's best to leave your umbrella at home because they can be dangerous in large crowds.Get a cheap tent and sleeping bag for multi - day festivalsA majority of people end up throwing their tent away after long festivals, since they normally break from the use. Pick up a less expensive tent with enough room for you and your friends and pack a comfortable seeping bag for yourself, 1f you don't want to camp at the festival, remember to book an AirBnb or a hotel room nearby!Place a first aid kit in a proper placeBefore the festival, buy a small first aid kit with band aids, and any medication that you need to take, in case you get minor injuries or a headache. Keep it in a proper place that's easily accessible, like your tent or car.1. Why should umbrellas be left at home?A. They take up too much space.B. The weather will be terrible.C. They might hurt someone.D. Travelers prefer raincoats,2. What do most people do with tents after festivals?A. Sell them.B. Return them.C. Pack them up.D. Throw them away.3. What is suggested about the first aid kit?A. It should be put at hand.B. It ought to be big enough.C. It must contain all medicines.D. It has to be placed in the car.【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A【解析】这是一篇应用文。音乐和艺术节是有趣和令人兴奋的活动。文章主要就去参加节日活动，提出了一些建议，以确保你的安全并且玩得开心。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中In general, it's best to leave your umbrella at home because they can be dangerous in large crowds.可知一般来说，最好把雨伞放在家里，因为在人多的时候雨伞很危险。由此可知，把雨伞留在家里，因为雨伞可能会伤害到别人。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中A majority of people end up throwing their tent away after long festivals, since they normally break from the use.可知大多数人会在漫长的节日后扔掉他们的帐篷，因为他们通常会中断使用。由此可知，大多数人在节日过后，会把帐篷扔掉。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段Before the festival, buy a small first aid kit with band aids, and any medication that you need to take, in case you get minor injuries or a headache. Keep it in a proper place that's easily accessible, like your tent or car.可知节日前，买一个带创可贴小急救箱。你需要带上的任何药物，以防你会受到轻伤或头痛。把它放在容易拿到的地方，比如你的帐篷或车里。由此可知，急救箱应该放在手边，容易拿到的地方。故选A。BSome students get so nervous before a test. They do poorly even if they know the material. Sian Beilock, a professor at the University of Chicago in Illinois, has studied these highly anxious test-takers. The students start worrying about the results. And when they worry, it actually uses up attention and memory resources (资源).Professor Beilock and another researcher, Gerardo Ramirez, have developed a possible solution. Just before an exam, highly anxious test-takers spend ten minutes writing about their worries about the test.The researchers tested the idea on a group of twenty anxious college students. They gave them two short maths tests. After the first one, they asked the students to either sit quietly or write about their feelings about the upcoming second test.Professor Beilock says those who sat quietly scored an average of 12% worse on the second test. But the students who had written about their fears improved their performance by an average of 5%. Next, the researchers used younger students in a biology class. They told them before final exams either to write about their feelings or to think about things unrelated to the test. Professor Beilock says highly anxious students who did the writing got an average grade of B+, compared to a B-for those who did not.“What we showed is that for students who are highly test-anxious, whod done our writing intervention (干预), all of a sudden there was no relationship between test anxiety and performance. They were performing just as well as their classmates who dont normally get nervous in these tests.”But what if students do not have a chance to write about their fears immediately before an exam? Professor Beilock says students can try it themselves at home or in the library and still improve their performance.4. What may the students start worrying about before an exam?A. Whether they can pass the exams.B. What other students do during the test.C. Whether they have remembered the materials.D. What kind of problems they will meet on the test paper.5. What is the solution developed by researchers?A. Asking the students to ignore the test.B. Asking the students to focus on the test.C. Asking the students to sit quietly before the test.D. Asking the students to write about their worries before the test.6. According to Professor Beilock, those who thought about things unrelated to the test _.A. became less nervous before the testB. were better at controlling their feelingsC. did worse than those who wrote about their feelingsD. did better than those who wrote about their feelings7 What can be learned from the last paragraph?A. Writing about our worries before an exam can work a bit.B. We can only write about our worries right before an exam.C. The best place to write about our worries is in the test room.D. It doesnt matter where we write about our worries before an exam.【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一位心理学教授对考前焦虑症的学生的研究及帮助焦虑症学生的方法。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“The students start worrying about the results.(学生们开始担心考试结果)”可知，考前学生开始焦虑的是他们的考试结果是否够能通过考试。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Just before an exam, highly anxious test-takers spend ten minutes writing about their worries about the test.(在考试前，高度焦虑的考生花十分钟写下他们对考试的担忧)”可知，让学生写下他们对考试的担忧是研究者研究的解决方案。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Professor Beilock says those who sat quietly scored an average of 12% worse on the second test. But the students who had written about their fears improved their performance by an average of 5%. Next, the researchers used younger students in a biology class. They told them before final exams either to write about their feelings or to think about things unrelated to the test. Professor Beilock says highly anxious students who did the writing got an average grade of B+, compared to a B-for those who did not(贝洛克教授说，那些静静地坐着的人在第二次测试中的平均得分要低12%。但那些写下自己的恐惧的学生的表现平均提高了5%。接下来，研究人员对生物课上低年级的学生进行了测试。他们让学生在期末考试前写下自己的感受，或者想一些与考试无关的事情。贝洛克教授说，那些写了担忧的高度焦虑的学生平均成绩为B+，而那些没有写的学生只得了B)”可知，根据贝洛克教授的研究，那些思考与测试无关的事情的人比那些写下自己感受的人表现得更差。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“But what if students do not have a chance to write about their fears immediately before an exam? Professor Beilock says students can try it themselves at home or in the library and still improve their performance(但是如果学生们在考试前没有机会写下他们的恐惧呢？贝洛克教授说，学生可以在家里或图书馆里自己尝试，仍然可以提高他们的表现)”可推知，考试前在哪里写对考试的担忧并不重要。故选D。CThe bus screamed to a stop in Nazareth, Israel. Five Australian backpackers boarded and struck up a conversation with me. They asked typical travelers questionswhere was I going and why was I traveling alone? My plan was to travel with a friend of a friend, I explained, but when I called her that morning, she didnt pick up and I had no other way to reach her. My stomach was in knots, but I decided to head out anyway, thinking I might run into her if I traveled to Tiberius, where we had planned to go together.“Why dont you travel with us?” one of the backpackers offered. They were experienced adventurers who would work for a few months, save, then travel for as long as they could. Their current plan was to explore the Middle East and Europe in three months while working in London.It seemed risky to travel with strangers, but my instinct said yes. For the next two weeks, I explored Israel with the backpackers and learned to trust my instincts in all types of new and interesting situations. When they hook a ride, I took the bus, but when they wanted to steal into the King David Hotels swimming pool, I led the way. The world opened up to me because I chose to travel alone. I joined complete strangers, who become close friends. Years later, one couple from the backpacking group even flew from Sydney to Phoenix to be in my wedding. The trip was such a special experience that it gave me confidence in all areas of my life. Since then, Ive backpacked alone across South Africa, sky-dived from 12,000 feet in New Zealand and even moved across the U.S. with no job lined up.On my third day wandering in Israel with my new friends, I bumped into the woman I was supposed to meet. Though I was happy she was all right, I was grateful she hadnt picked up the phone.8. By “My stomach was in knots” (in paragraph 1), the author most likely means that she was _.A. sick of riding on a bumpy busB. nervous of meeting strangersC. upset about the sudden changeD. sorry about the impractical plan9. Which of the following best describes the backpackers the author met?A. Courageous but disrespectful.B. Jobless and poorly educated.C. Warmhearted and trustworthy.D. Homeless but lighthearted.10. The authors sixth sense told her that _.A. she would get along with the backpackersB. it might cause trouble to have a swimC. she ought to stay away from the backpackersD. it could add excitement to get a free ride11. What can be inferred from the passage?A Most of the backpackers became the authors lifelong friends.B. The author gathered the courage to be a fulltime backpack traveler.C. The woman missed the phone call with the purpose of traveling alone.D. The author considered it the best decision of her life to travel on her own.【答案】8. C 9. C 10. A 11. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者原本与朋友约好去旅游，却被放了鸽子，她决定一个人去。途中她遇见了五个背包客，这些背包客邀请她一起去旅游，她和这些人一起经历了美好的几天，并和他们成了好朋友。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据前文“My plan was to travel with a friend of a friend, I explained, but when I called her that morning, she didnt pick up and I had no other way to reach her.”可知作者被朋友放鸽子了，被放鸽子肯定是失望的，C项（因为突然的变化而感到沮丧的）最符合作者此时的心情，所以选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据“Why dont you travel with us?” one of the backpackers offered”可知这些背包客邀请作者一起旅游，说明他们很热心；根据“ They were experienced adventurers who would work for a few months, save, then travel for as long as they could”可知这些背包客旅游经验很丰富，所以是值得信任的，综合选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据“It seemed risky to travel with strangers, but my instinct said yes.”可知这些背包客邀请作者一起旅游时，她的本能（instinct）也就是第六感说了“好”，也就是说她的第六感让她相信她能和这些背包客相处的很好，才会答应他们的邀请，故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据“The world opened up to me because I chose to travel alone.”可知作者觉得自己选择一个人旅游让自己看到了更大的世界，再结合最后一句“Though I was happy she was all right, I was grateful she hadnt picked up the phone.”可知作者庆幸她的朋友没有接她的电话。由此可以判断作者认为自己选择一个人去旅行是一个很好的决定，故选D。DWe humans like to conquer.For the same reason that soccer players want to hold the World Cup trophy(奖杯) and tennis players crave a Grand Slam win, mountaineers dream of reaching the highest peak on the planet Mount Qomolangma, which towers about 8,844 meters above sea level.“Everybody wants to stand on top of the world,” Mirza Ali from Pakistan who had just “conquered” Mount Qomolangma, told the Los Angeles Times.However, this desire to conquer has become so strong that we have begun to travel in the wrong direction.During this years climbing seasonfrom March to Mayat least 11 climbers died in the Himalayas, making it one of the worst seasons on record. And the fact that many of the climbers were inexperienced is one of the major factors(因素) contributing to the tragedy, according to USA Today.“They dont train very hard. They underestimate(低估) Qomolangma,” Jangbu Sherpa, who has been working as a guide on Mount Qomolangma since 2006, told NBC News. “There are lots of climbers who just want to check the box so that they can say theyve been to the top of the world.”This ignorant attitude of climbers also leads to other problemsapart from putting their own lives at risk, of course. According to HuffPost, the mountains cleaning group collected 12 tons of trashincluding food wrappers(包装袋), and oxygen tanksleft behind this climbing season. This once holy(神圣的) and peaceful corner of the world has, as The Atlantic reporter Margret Grebowics put it, “lost its magic”.Perhaps what we should do now is restore meaning to the activity itselfreal meaning. And for Alison Levine, a US mountaineer who reached the summit(山顶) of Mount Qomolangma in 2010, the meaning doesnt come with the summit itself, but with everything that led her up to it.“When I did make it to the summit, what I realized is that standing on top of a mountain doesnt change you and doesnt change the world,” Levine told the NPR. “Its really about the journey. The journey is the most important thing on any mountain.”Its true that we humans like to conquer. But the first step of conquering anything is probably to learn to conquer our own greed(贪婪) and ignorance.12. What does the underlined word “crave” mean?A. have no interest inB. have a strong desire forC. be optimistic aboutD. be likely to win13. What is a major cause of the climbing tragedy this year, according to USA Today?A. Not having enough training and experience.B. Not bringing enough number of oxygen tanks.C. Not having professional climbing equipment.D. Not being accustomed to the cold weather.14. What matters more to Levine when she climbs?A. Being on top of the world.B. Being able to change the world.C. The journey to reach the summit.D. The spirit to conquer the summit.15. What attitude does the author hold toward climbing Mount Qomolangma?A. Regretful.B. Critical.C. Encouraging.D. Doubtful.【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了许多登山者的梦想就是登上珠穆朗玛峰，却有一些登山者低估了珠穆朗玛峰，他们不认真训练而酿成了悲剧，珠穆朗玛峰上有许多登山者留下的垃圾，从而引发了关于攀登的真正含义的讨论，这应是一场旅行而不是征服。【12题详解】词义猜测题。分析可知，在划线单词所在句“For the same reason that soccer players want to hold the World Cup trophy and tennis players crave a Grand Slam win, mountaineers dream of reaching the highest peak on the planetMount Qomolangma, which towers about 8,844 meters above sea level.”中，“and”表示并列关系，即划线单词“carve”应是与之前“want to”，之后“dream of”表达含义相同，即“想要；梦想要做某事”含义，与选项B“have a strong desire for(对有强烈的愿望)”表达含义相同。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容“And the fact that many of the climbers were inexperienced is one of the major factors contributing to the tragedy, according to USA Today.”可知，据今日美国报道，许多登山者缺乏经验是造成这场灾难的主要原因之一。故选A项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第九段内容“The journey is the most important thing on any mountain.( 旅途是任何山上最重要的事情。)”可知，对于Levince来说，登峰的旅程都是最重要的事情。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“ But the first step of conquering anything is probably to learn to conquer our own greed and ignorance.(但是，征服任何事物的第一步可能就是学会征服我们自己的贪婪和无知。)”可知，在作者看来征服珠穆朗玛峰是人类“天性”的征服欲的体现,作者用贪婪和无知描述了他们在攀登时的态度。由此可推知，作者的态度