Unit 3-1 Reading and Thinking -2020-2021学年高一英语上学期同步课堂帮帮帮必修第一册（人教版2019）.docx

Unit 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS1.1 Reading and Thinking重点单词1. 健康; 健壮；适合n._; 健康adj. _2. vt. 主办；主持_; n 主人；东道主；节目主持人_;n. 女主人; 女主持人_3. n. 跑道；足迹; 铁路轨道_；铁路轨道vt.& vi. 跟踪; 追踪_；t n.C 追踪者；跟踪者_；4. n. 运动员；运动健儿_；;运动的；健身的adj. _；5. n. 荣誉；尊重；荣幸; _；adj. 荣幸的；荣耀的_；6. n. 荣誉；光荣；赞美_；;adj.荣誉的；赞美的_；7. n. 决心；决定_； vt. 决定；下定决心；确定_；adj. 坚决的；有决心的_；8. vt. 使受伤；损害_； adj. 受伤的；有伤的_； n. 伤害；损伤 _；9./ n.力量；体力_； vt. 加强；巩固；使坚强vi. 变强_； adj. 强壮的; 坚强的_；10. n. 失败；失败的人（或事物）_； vi. & vt. 失败；未能（做到）；不及格_；11. vi. 竞争；对抗_； n. 比赛；竞赛_；n. 竞争者_； adj. 竞争的；有竞争力的_；12. n. 压力；紧张；重音 _；vt. 强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi.焦虑不安_；adj.焦虑的，有压力的；_；压力大的_adj. 目标短语1. _做成某事2. _树立一个榜样3. _是有意义的4. _假装做5. _做出改变6. _剪下7. _一起来 8. _计算出9. fall apart_10. lost heart_11. give up_12. even if/even though_13. rather than_14. compare.to/with_now and then_ 重点语法附加疑问句【答案】重点单词1. fitness fit 2.host host hostess 3. Track track tracker 4.athlete athletic 5.glory glorious 6.honor honored 7.determination determine determined 8.injure injured injury 9.strength strengthen strong 10.failure fail pete competition competitor competitive 12.stress stress stressed stressful目标短语 1. make it做成某事2. set an example树立一个榜样3. make sense是有意义的4. pretend to do假装做5. make a difference做出改变6. cut out剪下7. come along一起来 8. work out计算出9. fall apart崩溃10. lost heart失去的心11. give up放弃12. even if/even though即使/即使13. rather than而不是compare.to/with比较/now and then现在和以后 1. fitness /ftns/ n.健康; 健壮；适合Sports and Fitness运动与健康 （P35）health and fitness 卫生与健康a fitness center健身中心They're doing exercises to improve their fitness. 他们为增强体质而做体操.2. event / vent/ n. 比赛项目；大事；公开活动an e-sports event 电子竞技项目（P36）Badminton is traditional advantage event in China.  我国羽毛球是传统优势运动项目。3. come along 跟随；到达；进步；赶快Would you like to come along? 你一起来吗？（P36）Come along with me, boys, dont keeping everybody waiting. 孩子们跟我来, 大家都在等你俩呢。Come along or we'll miss the train. 快点,不然就会赶不上火车。4. ski / ski:/adj. 滑雪的ski race滑雪比赛（P37）ski boots 滑雪靴He went on a ski trip with some friends. 他和一些朋友滑雪去了。v. 滑雪；go skiing 去滑雪I like to ski on the snow.  我喜欢在雪上滑雪。5. host /hst/vt. 主办；主持 Zhangjiakou will host the Youth Ski Race in December. 十二月份张家口要举办青年滑雪比赛。（P37）n 主人；东道主；节目主持人；host family寄宿家庭（人们出国时所借宿的人家）Do you want to learn to speak English well? Why not go to England and stay with a host family?你想学说一口好的英语吗？为什么不去英国与房东一家人住在一起呢？hostess /hsts/ n. 女主人; 女主持人Mary was always the perfect hostess. 玛丽总是最殷勤的女主人。6. track /træk/ n. 跑道；足迹；铁路轨道track and field 田径track - and - field lover 田径爱好者（P37）Are you also taking part in the track - and - field events today? 你今天也要去参加田径比赛吗 ?Suddenly an athlete fell on to the running track. 突然一名运动员摔倒在赛跑跑道上。We followed the bear's tracks in the snow. 我们跟着熊在雪地上留下的足迹走。vt.& vi. 跟踪; 追踪The hunter tracked this wolf and killed it. 猎人跟踪这只狼，并杀死了它。7. gym / dm / n. 健身房; 体育馆Come and work out at a gym! 来健身房锻炼吧！（P37）Our school has recently built a new gym. 我们学校最近新建了一个体育馆。gymnastics / dmnæstks / n. 体操（训练）Gymnastics is his favourite sport. 体操是他最喜爱的运动。8. work out 锻炼；计算出；解决Come and work out at a gym! 来健身房锻炼吧！（P37）I work out at a gym twice a week. 我一周去健身房锻炼两次。She find it difficult to work out the problem.  她发现解决这问题有困难。I can't work out how to do it. 我无法解答怎么做它。9. sweat / swet /vt. 使出汗；出汗弄湿Sweat your way to good health. 用汗水保持身体健康。（P37）vi. 出汗；流汗The weather in summer is very hot, so I always sweat.夏天的天气那么热，所以我总是在流汗。n. 汗水; 出汗The Great Wall was built with the blood and sweat of the labouring people.长城是用劳动人民的血汗建成的。10. make it 获得成功；准时到达You can make it! 你会成功的！（P37）Work hard and you can make it. 努力学习，你会成功的。I believe anyone can make it if he tries hard.  我相信只要努力任何人都能成功的。11. master / m:st(r)/ n. 高手; 主人Deng Yaping is a master of pingpang. 邓亚萍是一个乒乓球高手。The dog was running behind its master.  狗跟在它主人后面跑着。vt. 精通；掌握Students are expected to master a second language. 学生应该掌握一门第二语言。12. set an example 树立榜样They must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also set good examples for others. 他们一定是一些远动员，是他们领域的高手，并且给别人树立好榜样。（P38）Parents should set a good example for their children. 父母亲应该为孩子树立好榜样.13. honour / 'n(r)/ n. 荣誉；尊重；荣幸We won the game and brought honour to our school. 我们赢得了比赛，为学校赢得了荣誉。the guest of honour 贵宾in honour of为纪念，为表示敬意They held a party in honor of the foreign visitors. 他们为国外来访者举办了晚会。14. championship /tæmpinp / n. 锦标赛; 冠军赛；冠军称号As a coach, she led the China women's volleyball team to medal at world championships and the Olympics. 作为一名教练，她带领中国女排在世界锦标赛和奥林匹克运动会上赢得奖牌。（P38）champion / tæmpin/ n. 冠军; 优胜者Two weeks later they were world champions! 两周后她们成了世界冠军。（P38）15. determination /dt:mnen/ n. 决心；决定When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested. 当中国队正在备战2015年世界杯时，她的决心受到了考验。（P38）He fought the illness with courage and determination.他勇敢顽强地与疾病作斗争。determine /d't:mn/ vt. 决定；下定决心；确定They determined to start early. 他们决定早点出发。determined /d't:mnd/ adj. 坚决的；有决心的A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.无论工作有多困难，一个有决心的人总是会设法完成它。be determined to do sth. 决心做某事She was determined to become a doctor and her hard work paid off. 她决心成为医生，她的努力取得了成功。16.apart / p:t / adv.分离；分开；成碎片I can't tell the twins apart . 我分不出这一对双胞胎中谁是谁。I needed to take apart my computer. 我得把我的电脑拆开。fall apart破裂；破碎；崩溃The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart. 郎平组建的队伍正在分崩离析。（P38）17. injure / nd(r)/ vt. 使受伤；损害 Three people were killed and five were injured in the crash. 撞车事故中有三人死亡，五人受伤。injured / ndd / adj. 受伤的；有伤的One of the best players had been injure.  最好的球员之一受伤了。（P38）Luckily, she isn't injured. 幸运的是，她没受伤。injury / ndri / n. 伤害；损伤 serious injury/injuries 重伤Two players are out of the team because of injury . 两名队员因伤退出了比赛。18. lose heart丧失信心；泄气 Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose hear.失去两名重要球员是一个巨大的挑战，但郎平没有灰心。（P38）We shouldn't lose heart. We may have another try. 我们不应该灰心,我们可以再试一次.lose one's heart to 爱上When he was a child, he lost his heart to poems. 他是个孩子时就喜欢上诗歌。19. graceful /gresfl / adj. 优美的；优雅的 The player who became known as “Air Jordan” changed basketball with his graceful moves and jump. 这个被称为“飞人乔丹”的球员以他优雅的动作和跳跃改变了篮球。（P38）His handwriting is flowing and graceful. 他的字写得流畅优美。20. strength / stre/ n.力量；体力Jordan's skills were impressive, but the mental strength that he showed made him unique. 乔丹的技能令人印象深刻，但他表现出来的精神力量使他与众不同（P38）。She didn't have the strength to walk any further. 她再也走不动了。strengthen /stren/ vt. 加强；巩固；使坚强； vi. 变强Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercise. 参加锻炼可以增强我们的体质。The wind strengthened overnight. 夜里，风更大了。strong /str/ adj. 强壮的; 坚强的He's strong enough to lift a car! 他力气大得能抬起一辆汽车！21. failure / felj(r) / n. 失败；失败的人（或事物）Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his failures. 乔丹说他成功的秘诀是从失败中吸取教训。（P38）Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。fail / fel/ vi. & vt. 失败；未能（做到）；不及格I can accept failure; everyone fails at something. 我可以接受失败；每个人都会在某件事上失败。（P38）She failed to get into art college. 她未能进入艺术学院。22. give up放弃；投降Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give up.输掉比赛教会了他更努力训练，永不放弃。（P38）She doesn't give up easily. 她决不轻易认输。23. compete / kmpi:t / vi. 竞争；对抗An athlete should think about honour and his/her fan  if he / she is competing for his/her country. 如果为国家参赛，运动员应该考虑荣誉和他的球迷。（P41）compete in sth. 参加比赛（竞争）He's hoping to compete in the London marathon. 他期盼着参加伦敦马拉松比赛。compete with/against sb. 同某人比赛（竞争）compete for sth. 为比赛（竞争）They competed with each other to attract more customers. 他们互相竞争以吸引更多的顾客。【拓展】（1）competition /kmptn/ n. 比赛；竞赛； in competition with与竞争We are in competition with four other companies for the contract. 我们在与其他四家公司竞争这项合同。（2）competitor / kmpett(r) / n. 竞争者（3）competitive /kmpettv/ adj. 竞争的；有竞争力的We need to work harder to remain competitive with other companies.我们必须更加努力工作以保持对其他公司具有竞争力。24. make sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚 That doesn't make any sense! 这个行不通/没有意义。（P41）This sentence doesn't make sense.  这句话没意义。make sense of 懂得； 了解 . 的意义Can you make sense of what I say?你能领会我说的意思吗？25. pretend /prtend/ vi.& vt.假装；装扮 He pretended to his family that everything was fine. 他对家人佯称一切都好。pretend to do sth 假装做某事 A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team.足球运动员即使是帮助自己的球队也不能假摔。（P41）pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做某事（强调动作正在进行）The boy pretended to be doing his homework when his mother came in当他妈妈进来的时候，这个男孩假装正在做作业。pretend to have done sth 假装做了某事（强调假装的动作已经完成）He pretended to have forgotten his promise他假装忘记了他的承诺。26. even if/though 即使；虽然。Even even if/though it should rain tomorrow, they will go for an outing.  即使明天下雨，他们也要去游览。Even if/though the forest park is far away, a lot of people visit it every year. 即使那个森林公园很遥远，但是每年都有很多游客到那里参观。27. million / mljn / num. 百万They sold their house for about 1.4 million pounds. 他们把的房子卖了140万英镑。millions of 数百万的It is wrong to pay people millions of yuan to play sport. 给人们几百万元来参加体育运动是不对的。（P41）28.cheat / ti:t / vi.作弊；舞弊You should never cheat. 你永远不应该作弊。（P41）John cheated in the exam, and the teacher kicked him out of the class.约翰考试作弊，结果被老师赶出了教室。vt. 欺骗；蒙骗 Although people may cheat you, be honest anyway. 虽然人们可能会欺骗你，但不管怎样，你都要诚实。He cheated the old lady of her money. 他骗取了老太太的钱。n. 欺骗手段；骗子He looks honest, but actually he is a cheat. 他看上去挺厚道，可实际上他是个骗子。29. audience / dins / n. 观众；听众I see what you mean, but the audience wants fair play. 我明白你的意思，但观众希望公平竞争。（P41）The audience were greatly moved by his performance. 观众们被他的表演深深打动。30.positive / pztv / adj. 积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的By being positive about myself and my body, I became both happier and healthier.通过对自己和身体保持积极的态度，我变得更快乐、更健康。（P42）Keep a positive attitude and good things will happen. 保持乐观的心态，好事自然会发生。I was positive that things were going to turn out fine. 我确信事情最终会好起来的。31.diet / dat / n.规定饮食；日常饮食； vi.节食I worried about my weight and tried every new diet I read about online.我担心我的体重，尝试了我在网上看到的每一种新的饮食。（P42）a balanced diet 均衡的饮食a low-fat, salt-free diet低脂肪无盐的饮食go on a diet/ be on a diet节食I decided to go on a diet before my holiday. 我决定在休假前节食。32.make a difference有作用或影响 I had no idea a letter could make such a difference! 我不知道一封信会有这么大影响！（P42）It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference. 这表明懂得急救知识的确能发挥重要作用。Whether he is here or not will make no difference to our work.他在不在对我们的工作没有影响。33.rather / r:ð(r) / adv. 相 当 ；有点儿I didn't fail the exam; in fact I did rather well! 我没有考不及格，事实上，我考得不错！It was a rather difficult question. 这是个相当难的问题。rather than 而不是Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight, things began to change.一旦我开始考虑健康而不是体重时，情况开始发生变化。（P42）Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods to my meal.不是停止吃我喜欢的食物，我在饮食上加了健康的食品。（P42）【拓展】 rather than用法一、rather than用作连词，连接两个平行结构。既可以表示主观愿望上的决择，“与其宁可”，也可以表示客观程度上的差异，“与其说是不如说是”。后可以接代词、名词、形容词、动名词、过去分词、不等式、谓语动词和从句。例如：1）I, rather than you, should do the work.该做这工作的是我，而不是你。2）John ought to go rather than Jean.约翰比琴更应该去。3）These shoes are comfortable rather than for your friend.这鞋不好看可是舒服。4)He was engaged in writing a letter rather than reading the newspaper.他那时是在写信而不是看报纸。5)She insisted on having the room papered rather than painted.她坚持要用纸裱糊房间，而不是把房间粉刷一下。6)I decided to write rather than telephone.我决定写信而不是打电话。7) Shall we go for a walk rather than watch television?咱们不看电视，出去散步，好不好？8)He ran rather than walked.他跑步而不是步行。9)It was what he meant rather than what he said.那是指他话中的意思，而不是他所说的话。二、rather than用作介词和as well as及instead of一样，rather than后面跟一个和母句中的动词形式并不匹配的ing分词分句时，它是介词，而不是准并列连词：Rather than a new car, he bought a color television.他买了一台彩电，而不是一辆新车。Let's finish the job today, rather than leaving it till tomorrow.让咱们今天干完工作，而不是留到明天。34. push -up /' pp / n. ( especially NAmE ) 俯卧撑I want to be able to do 30 push-up. 我想做30个俯卧撑。（P42）How many push-ups can you do in a minute? 你一分钟能做多少个俯卧撑？35. cut out 停止做（或使用、食用）；剪下Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods to my meal.不是停止吃我喜欢的食物，我在饮食上加了健康的食物。（P42）36. now and then有时；偶尔 I could still have a burger now and then, but I would add a salad or an apple. 我偶尔还会吃汉堡，但是我要加沙拉或苹果。（P42）I like to go to the cinema now and then.  我喜欢偶尔去看电影。pare with/to 与比较 Finally, I stopped comparing myself with actresses and models and looking for things that were wrong with my face or body.最后，我不再拿自己跟女演员和模特比较, 也不再挑剔我的脸上或身体上的毛病了。（P42）We often compare a teacher to a candle我们常把老师比喻成蜡烛。Books can be compared to friends. 书可以比喻为朋友。compared with/to与比起来（做方式状语） Compared to/with our parents, we have greater opportunities to have a good time. 和我们的父母比起来，我们有更多机会享受生活。38. stress /stres/ n. 压力；紧张；重音 Kids these days already have enough stress from school. 现在的孩子们已经承担了足够多的学习压力。Things can easily go wrong when people are under stress . 人在压力下，办事情容易出差错。Stress can lead to many sicknesses. 心理压力常常导致一些疾病。vt. 强调；重读；使焦虑不安 He stressed the importance of a good education. 他强调了接受良好教育的重要性。vi.焦虑不安 I try not to stress out when things go wrong. 出问题时，我尽量不紧张。一、单词拼写1According to the old_ (传说), Romulus and Remus were the founders of Rome.2Liu Xiang is a great _ (运动员)3She won a silver _ (奖牌) in the Olympics.4Nelson Piquet, three times world _ (冠军), was injured.5Remind John not to do an _ (损伤) to himself when he plays outdoors.6She is such a _ (优雅的) old lady that we all like her.7The patient was too weak to have the _ (力量) to stand up.8It was a great _ (荣幸) to be invited here today.二、单句语法填空1We have won a _ (glory) victory over our opponents.2But unfor