精品解析：北京市房山区高一上学期期末英语试题（原卷版）.doc

房山区2019-2020学年度第一学期期末检测试卷高一英语本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。One day, my wife wanted me to take my mother out to dinner and a movie. She said, "I know she loves you and would love to spend some time with you." My mother _1_(be) a widow（寡妇）for 19 years, but the demands of my work and my three _2_(child) had made it impossible to visit her very often. That night I called to invite her to go out for dinner and a movie. She thought about it for a moment, and then said, "I would like_3_(spend) the night with you very much."B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in touch _4_ the people that we want to. Social media tools let us see what our friends are doing _5_ we have a Wi-Fi connection. The digital age also enables us to find people _6_ share our interests, such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument. Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy _7_(do) them, even if they live on the other side of the world.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Spring usually _8_(begin) on February 3-5 every year. From this day on, the days get longer and the weather gets _9_(warm). In addition, from this day to summer, we usually call this period the spring. Besides, it's also a traditional festival in China - on behalf of the beginning of the new year. So it _10_(value) greatly by Chinese people. There exists the popular custom of eating spring rolls and cakes on that day, so it has another saying of biting spring.第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文。掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Who to Believe?My doctors told me I would never walk again because of the illness. My mother told me I would. I believed my mother.Wilma Rudolph was born in 1940 into a very large and poor African-American family in Tennessee. When she was four years old, a deadly _11_ made her left leg useless. She had to wear an iron leg brace（固定器）. Her doctors told her she would never _12_ like a normal person without the brace. _13_ she was fortunate in having a mother who encouraged her to have faith and _14_.At nine years of age, the little girl _15_ the leg brace and took the step that her doctors had said was_16_. Then she got the incredible idea that she would like to be the world's greatest woman _17_. Now, what cold she mean - be a professional sportswoman with a useless leg?At the age of thirteen, she began to enter races, but she came in last in every race. Everyone begged her to _18_ it. One day, however, she came in next to last. Then there came a day when she won a race. From then on, she _19_ every race that she entered.In 1957, Wilma went to Tennessee State University, where she met a _20_ named Ed Temple. He trained her so well that in 1960 she went to the Olympic Games in Rome. There she _21_ a German girl named Jutta Heine, the greatest woman runner of the day. Wilma had just won two Olympic gold medals both in the 100-metre sprint（冲刺）and the 200-metre sprint. Then came the 400-metre _22_. It would be Wilma against Jutta. When the third runner handed the baton（接力棒）to Wilma, she was so excited that she _23_ it, and Wilma saw Jutta taking off down the track. It was impossible that anybody could catch this girl. But Wilma did just that! Wilma Rudolph had _24_ her third Olympic gold medal in the 17th Olympic Games.That day Wilma made history as she became the first woman to win three gold medals in the same Olympic Games. Later she said. "The success can't be reached without the _25_. I have spent a lifetime trying to share what it has meant to be a woman first in the world of sports so that other young women have a chance to reach their _26_."Wilma had never _27_ that she would not walk again and she kept struggling and finally earned the title of the world's _28_ woman. Her story told us it is our _29_ that show what we truly are far more than our _30_.11. A. fallB. cutC. illnessD. accident12. A. learnB. walkC. danceD. speak13. A. AndB. ForC. SoD. Yet14. A. courageB. stageC. intelligenceD. collection15. A. removedB. boughtC. appliedD. checked16. A. dependableB. unnecessaryC. impossibleD. reasonable17. A. doctorB. runnerC. writerD. lawyer18. A. changeB. challengeC. acceptD. stop19. A. wonB. examinedC. reflectedD. practised20. A. professorB. reporterC. coachD. scientist21. A. metB. beatC. huggedD. observed22. A. relayB. trainingC. fencingD. swimming23. A. caughtB. heldC. grabbedD. dropped24. A. designedB. earnedC. madeD. found25. A. struggleB. medalC. praiseD. brace26. A. careersB. dreamsC. titlesD. resources27. A. realizedB. expressedC. believedD. regretted28. A. smartestB. richestC. fastestD. bravest29. A. educationB. confidenceC. adventureD. choices30. A. responsibilitiesB. performancesC. experiencesD. abilities第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWelcome to the 4-Day Wonderful Life ExperienceThis 4-day sightseeing tour covers the most famous elements（元素）of China: the historical sites, natural scenery, unique culture, and lovely giant pandas.Day 1 Beijing ArrivalYour guide will meet you at the arrivals hall. An experienced driver will transfer you to your hotel. Your guide will help you to check-in.You may start your first day wandering through Tian'anmen Square and arrive at the Forbidden City to have a little adventure in the previous home to emperors. After lunch at a local restaurant, you'll explore the centuries-old hutongs to get a taste of the locals' lifestyle: making dumplings in a local family's home, trying your hand at Chinese writing brush, or applying Peking Opera facial makeup.Day 2 The Summer Palace and the Great WallFreshen up in the morning and start your day at Summer Palace, enjoying the 300-year-old royal garden. Take a pleasant boat ride on the lake and take a walk in the long corridors（走廊）to view the beautiful paintings on the ceilings.After enjoying some Beijing Roast Duck for lunch, we'll go on our tour to visit the Great Wall at Mutianyu. Walk through the watchtowers, enjoying a wonderful view of the wall winding across the mountains. The cable car to a good section of the Great Wall is included.Day 3 The Terracotta Army（兵马俑）At 7 in the morning, you will be driven to the airport for your flight to Xi'an. Your guide will be waiting for you and will transfer you to your hotel.Everything in Xi'an is about history. The Terracotta Army, with each figure being unique, has guarded Emperor Qin Shi Huang's tomb since 210 BC.After lunch, you'll visit the 600-year-old ancient city wall. Walking along Xi'an City Wall provides a good view of the city.Day 4 One-Day Panda Keeper ProgramIn the morning, you'll get onto a high-speed train to Chengdu, where you can get close to giant pandas. You will get very close to them and learn more about them during the Panda Keeper Program in Dujiangyan Panda Base. Under the guidance of an English-speaking member of staff, you will clean the panda enclosures, feed a panda by hand and make cakes for them.After the tour, the driver will transfer you to the airport at 9 pm, and take you all the way to the security gate for your convenience.China visas provided PLUS a free dinner or snack tourValid: Nov.20, 2019-Dec.2, 2020Please click here for more detailed information.31. The passage is mainly introducing _.A. the culture and history of ChinaB. a sightseeing program in ChinaC. some famous buildings in ChinaD. some special experiences in China32. Those places are chosen to be introduced because _.A. the sceneries are beautifulB. they are symbols of ChinaC. their buildings are world famousD. their culture and history are famous33 The intended readers of the passage are _.A. parentsB. researchersC. historiansD. foreignersBWang Daheng, Father of Chinese Optical EngineeringIn 1949, the field of applied optical（光学）science didn't exist in China. Understanding its importance for national strength, the Chinese government paid much attention to optical research.Wang Daheng, a respected optical physicist, devoted his whole life to this cause. He kept watching on the development of China's first optical glass, first electronic microscope, first laser device, and first large-size optical measuring equipment, and helped to found the Chinese Academy of Engineering. He was called the father of Chinese optical engineering.As a teenager, Wang Daheng often followed his father to the observatory and became greatly interested in the apparatus（仪器）there. In 1936, he graduated from Tsinghua University with a degree in physics. Two years later, he won a government scholarship to study in England. After earning his master's degree from Imperial College London in 1940, he began his doctoral studies in optical physics and technology.In 1948, Wang gave up his established career and comfortable life in the West and returned to his motherland with the aim of empowering it（增强它的自主权）through science and technology. At the time China did not have the capability to produce optical measuring equipment on its own. In 1951, Wang was instructed to found an institute of fine mechanics and was appointed its first president. Within less than two years, Wang and his team produced the first group of China-made optical glass. Over the following six years, they went on to develop the country's first electronic microscope, first high-precision theodolite（经纬仪）, first optical range finder, and five other optical devices, laying the foundation for China's precision optical instrument industry. In 1961, they independently developed the ruby laser in China. In addition to scientific research, Wang advanced the study of optics in higher education.Starting in the 1960s, Wang participated in optical research related to the development of nuclear bombs, missiles, and man-made satellites. In 1970, China successfully launched the Dongfanghong I satellite, of which Wang was one of the designers. When the satellite returned to Earth, the devices they designed brought back clear images of our home planet as seen from the outer space for the first time.To close the technological gap between China and developed countries, Wang and three other scientists made the suggestion of drawing up a state hi-tech development plan in 1986, which led to the famous 863 Program.In 1992, Wang and a group of other scientists called for the creation of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. In the following years, he won many honors from the state. He passed away in Beijing aged 96 on July 21, 2011 after living a full and fruitful life.34. Why did Wang Daheng return to China from West?A. To earn his master's degree.B. To get together with his family.C. To do contribution to his country.D. To won honors in the motherland35. Why is Wang Daheng called the Father of Chinese Optical Engineering?A. Because he drew up the hi-tech development.B. Because he participated in the optical research.C. Because he was a famous and respected physicist.D. Because he achieved many firsts in Optical engineering.36. Which word can best describe Wang Daheng?A. Friendly.B. Positive.C. Devoted.D. Humorous.37. The passage is organized in order of _.A. timeB. spaceC. importanceD. effectivenessCEmperor PenguinsEmperor penguins are considered the most beautiful and the largest of all penguins. They are amazing birds. They are good survivors, excellent swimmers and great parents. Do you know where we can see them?You are absolutely right! Antarctica. Only Antarctica!Antarctica is the continent which is the most southern area of land on the Earth and is mostly covered with ice. It is colder, drier and windier than any other place on the Earth. The lowest temperature can reach -89.2. In order to survive the extremely tough environment, emperor penguins have to cooperate. They crowd together to protect themselves from the wind and keep warm. Meanwhile, they take turns to move to the relatively warm inside.Emperor penguins live on a diet which consists of different types of fish and other kinds of sea life. To find food, these birds, which are unable to fly, can dive much deeper than any other kind of penguin. Their dives often reach about 244 metres, and they can even dive to more than 535 metres when necessary. They can remain under water for almost 18 minutes, longer than any other kind of penguin.Emperor penguins have a very hard time bringing up their babies. They have to go to great lengths to care for their children. After laying an egg, the tired female emperor penguin will leave the family behind to feed at sea, while the male is left to take care of the egg. For two months, the father, whose duty is to keep the egg safe and warm, carries his egg around on his feet and will give up eating until the mother returns. He does not sit on the egg like many other birds, but stands and balances it on his feet. Thus he is at the mercy of the Antarctic weather. When the mother returns from the sea, sometimes up to 60-80 kilometres away, she throws up some of the food for the chick and takes the male's place to look after it. The father then takes his turn to feed at sea. Cooperative parenting at its finest.By December, during the Antarctic summer, when the ice begins to break up and open water appears, the young emperor penguins are now ready to be excellent survivors, good swimmers and great parents on their own. What an amazing cycle it is!38. The underlined word "cooperate" in the third paragraph means _.A. work togetherB. fight against coldC. protect themselvesD. move to warm places39. Emperor penguins _.A feed on only certain types of fishB. live in the most terrible weather conditionsC. are amazing birds that can both fly and swimD. stay in water 18 minutes longer than other penguins40. From the passage, we know that emperor penguins are _.A. great parents who sit on eggs to keep them warmB. the most beautiful and the largest birds in the worldC. good survivors and they move to warm places in winterD excellent swimmers and they can dive deeper than other penguins41. We can learn from the passage that _.A. the chicks break up the eggshells in summerB. an Emperor Penguin lays several eggs at a timeC the male Emperor Penguins hatch the eggs in winterD. the chicks are ready to live on their own one year laterDStr