【课件】Unit+4Discover+Useful+Structures课件人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册.pptx

人教选择性必修第二册 Unit 4 Discover Useful Structures学习目标学习目标12To use the past participles and-ing forms correctlyTo compare the use and function of the past participles with the-ing forms目标一目标一:To compare the use and function of the past participles with the-ing formsActivity 1:Fill in each blank with the correct form of a verb from the box then translate the sentences into Chinese.see frighten head amaze1 The girls were _ to see such an open country.The farms covered a very large area,which was _.2 Going into the wilderness alone can be _.Do you feel _ when going into the wilderness alone?3_ from the top of the mountain,the scenery was really fascinating._ the scenery from the top of the mountain,I was fascinated by the autumn colours.4 _ eastwards,you will pass the Canadian Rockies.Finally,the company_ by its new managerstarted to make a profit.amazedamazingfrightening frightened Seen Seeing Heading headed 1 姑娘们看到如此广袤的国家甚为惊讶。这些农场面积之大令人惊讶。2 独自一人进入荒野令人恐惧。你一个人进入荒野感到恐惧吗？3 从山顶往下望，景色令人着迷。我在山顶看风景，被秋天绚烂的色彩深深吸引。4 往东，你会经过加拿大落基山脉。最终，在新经理的带领下，公司开始盈利。Activity 2:Discuss in groups,find the difference between each pair of sentences,paying attention to the-ed and-ing forms.Complete the table according to the sample.单词单词意义意义功能功能1amazed感到惊讶的作表语amazing2frightenedfrightening 3Seen(from the top of the mountain)Seeing(the scenery from the top of the mountain)4headed heading令人惊讶的作表语感到害怕的令人害怕的作状语，与逻辑主语之间是被动关系作状语，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系作表语（从山顶）看（风景）作表语作状语，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系向前进由率领（从山顶）看作状语，与逻辑主语之间是被动关系1.过去分词作表语的用法。过去分词可放在连系动词be,get,feel,remain,seem,look,become等之后作表语，表示主语所处的状态。He looked worried after reading the letter.看完信后，他显得很忧虑。When we heard of it,we were deeply moved.当我们听说了这件事，我们深受感动。过去分词作表语过去分词作表语2.过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别。过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态，而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。The cup is broken.杯子碎了。(系表结构)The cup was broken by Tom.杯子是汤姆打碎的。(被动语态)英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；其过去分词含有被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来指人、人的声音、笑容或表情等。常用的这类词有：surprising令人吃惊的surprised感到吃惊的frightening令人害怕的frightened感到害怕的discouraging令人泄气的discouraged泄气的disappointing令人失望的disappointed感到失望的感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别We were surprised at what he said at the meeting.我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。His words were discouraging，which made many people discouraged.他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。The frightened look on her face suggested that she was frightened by the frightening scene.她脸上害怕的表情表明她被这恐怖的现场吓着了。1.过去分词(短语)作状语，表示被动的或完成的动作，这时句子的主语和过去分词之间为逻辑上的被动关系。Written in a hurry,this article was not so good.因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。本句中的written in a hurry为过去分词短语作状语，表示这篇文章是被写的，而且已经被写完。过去分词通常在句中作时间状语、原因状语、条件状语、让步状语、方式状语和伴随状语等。过去分词作状语过去分词作状语(1)过去分词作时间状语，在句中相当于一个时间状语从句。Asked about his address(When he was asked about his address),the boy didnt respond.问及他的地址时，小男孩没有作答。(2)过去分词作原因状语，在句中相当于一个原因状语从句。Annoyed at the decision(As he was annoyed at the decision),he refused to attend the meeting.由于对这个决定很生气，他拒绝参加会议。(3)过去分词作条件状语，在句中相当于一个条件状语从句。Heated to a high temperature(If it is heated to a high temperature)，water will change into vapor.如果加热到高温，水就能变成蒸汽。(4)过去分词作让步状语，在句中相当于一个让步状语从句。Though warned of the storm(Though they had been warned of the storm),the farmers were still working in the fields.尽管被警告过有暴风雨，农民们仍然在田地里劳作。(5)过去分词作方式、伴随状语，在句中相当于一个并列句。Followed by a group of students，the teacher entered the classroom.The teacher entered the classroom and he was followed by a group of students.老师走进教室，后面跟着一群学生。注意：过去分词(短语)作状语时，前面有时可以加上when,if,while,though,even if,until,unless等连词，这种结构可以看作是一种省略的状语从句(省略部分多为“主语be的多种形式”)。需要注意的是，省略的主语必须和主句的主语相同或为it。Even if invited(Even if Im invited)，I wont take part in the party.即使受到邀请，我也不会参加这个聚会的。部分过去分词来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示“被动关系”，其前不用being。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost in(陷入某种状态)、seated(坐着的)、hidden(躲着)、lost/absorbed(沉溺于)、dressed in(穿着)、tired of(厌烦了)等。Lost/Absorbed in deep thought,she didnt hear the sound.由于陷入沉思，所以她没有听到那个声音。Dressed in a new dress,she looks very beautiful.穿着一件新衣服，她看上去很漂亮。【拓展】2.过去分词作状语时的位置。过去分词作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。Told that his mother was ill,Li Lei hurried home quickly.(原因状语)得知母亲生病了，李雷迅速赶回了家。The old man walked into the room,supported by his son.(方式状语)老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动;现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表示主动。【助记】分词作状语记忆口诀分词作状语，主语是问题。前后两动作，共用一主语。主语找出后，再来判关系。主动用-ing，被动用-ed。Used for a long time,the book looks old.(动宾关系)由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去陈旧。过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别Using the book,I find it very useful.(主谓关系)在使用这本书时，我发现它很有用。注意：无论是现在分词还是过去分词，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如果不一致，则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达形式。If caught,the police will punish the thief.()If caught,the thief will be punished by the police.()If the thief is caught,the police will punish him/her.()(1)作表语：作表语：过去分词表示人或物的心情或状态等，也可以理解为心情或状态受到外界影响，有“感到”之意；动词-ing形式则表示人或物的自身特征，有“令人“之意。(2)作状语：作状语：过去分词与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，往往表示完成；动词-ing形式与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，一般表示动作正在进行。过去分词与动词过去分词与动词-ing形式的区别形式的区别SummaryActivity 3:Look at the following sentences and say the use of the-ed and-ing forms.Talking to him is talking to a wall.Would you mind pulling back the curtain?The news is encouraging.She is a charming girl.Having finished his work,Tom went home.Being ill,Mary did go to work today.Jane found her coat missing yesterday.动词-ing形式：（主语）（宾语）（表语）（定语）（状语）（状语）（补语）One of the windows is broken.The concert given by her daughter was successful.Caught in the rain,Alice was all wet.The teacher sat there,surrounded by her students.Ada found her school greatly changed.过去分词：（表语）（定语）（状语）（状语）（补语）过去分词与动词过去分词与动词-ing形式的用法形式的用法语态及用法语态及用法主动主动被动被动用法用法一般式完成式 一般式 完成式 主语宾语表语定语状语补语动词-ing 形式doinghaving doingbeing donehaving being done过去分词done目标二：目标二：To use the past participles and-ing forms correctlyActivity 1:Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in the box.Then translate the sentences into Chinese and say the use of the-ed and-ing forms.1 We became _ when thinking about those beautiful locations in Finland.We expected to experience a lot of_ things there.2 We went to bed as soon as we arrived at the hotel because we were so _.The eight-hour train ride was quite_.3 I was not _with the hotel.It was not as clean as I had expected.But we had a _ meal at the hotels restaurant,so I felt a bit better later on.4 It was raining hard the next day,so we just stayed in the hotel and watched TV.Sadly,the TV programmes that day were really _.As we had nothing else to do,we felt pretty_.bore excite tire satisfyexcitedexcitingtiredtiringsatisfiedsatisfyingboringbored1 想到芬兰那些美丽的地方我们激动起来。我们期待在那里体验 很多令人激动的事情。2 由于疲乏，我们一到宾馆就上床休息了。长达八小时的火车行程 令人疲惫不堪。3 我对这家宾馆不满意，它的卫生状况没有达到我的预期。不过 我们在宾馆餐厅吃的那顿饭令人满意，因此后来我感觉好一些了。4 第二天下起了大雨，因此我们只是待在宾馆看电视。不幸的是，当天的电视节目索然无趣。我们无所事事，感觉百无聊赖。单词单词意义意义功能功能1excitedexciting2tiredtiring3satisfiedsatisfying4boringbored令人激动的作定语感到累的令人疲倦的作表语作定语作表语令人满意的作表语作表语令人厌烦的感到厌烦的感到满意的作表语感到激动的作表语Activity 2:Task 1 Look at the sentences,discuss in group and summarize the methods of sentence transformation.EXAMPLE When people asked the man what the trip meant to him,he said it was an experience of a lifetime.When asked what the trip meant to him,the man said it was“an experience of a lifetime”.u改写部分在句子中都作状语。u改写部分的动词与主句的主语都有主动或被动的关系。u通过判断改写部分的动词与主句的主语之间的关系确定使用过去分词还是动词-ing形式。Task 2 Rewrite the sentences.Add information as necessary.1 Butchart Gardens was transformed from a quarry.It has now become a famous destination for travellers.2 If you compare Quebec City with other cities in Canada,it seems more like a charming European village.3 They did not know where to start their sightseeing in Luoyang,so they went to the Tourist information Centre.4 When they heard that the Sea-to-Sky Highway was Canadas most scenic drive,they made West Vancouver their first destination.1 Transformed from a quarry,Butchart Gardens has now become a famous destination for travellers.2 Compared with other cities in Canada,Quebec City seems more like a charming European village.3 Not knowing where to start their sightseeing in Luoyang,they went to the Tourist Information Centre.4 Hearing that the Sea-to-Sky Highway was Canadas most scenic drive,they made West Vancouver their first destination.学习总结学习总结Compare the use and function of the past participles with the-ing forms.