2022年新高考Ⅱ卷 02 阅读理解C--高考真题全方位解析+二次开发（教师版）.docx
阅读理解C高考冲刺学习单 (教师版)2022年新高考卷体裁说明文梗概为防止司机在开车时使用手机而分心,纽约立法者提出使用Textalyzer(短信分析仪)这一新设备来监控司机是否在开车时使用了手机。结构Para.1: 过去七年里,多数州禁止司机开车时使用手机。Para.2: 司机开车时使用手机的问题似乎越来越严重。Para.3: 道路交通事故增多的部分原因是人们开车更多了,分心的可能性也就更大了。Para.4:立法者希望把分心驾驶当作酒后驾驶一样对待。Para.5:立法者的一个想法是使用短信分析仪来监控司机,看其在开车的时候是否使用了手机。Para.6:有人呼吁将短信分析仪议案真正变成法律。28Over the last seven years, most states have banned Texting by drivers, and public service n. 州 v. 禁止campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when v. 说服they are behind the wheel. 28Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply. adv.急剧地That is partly because people are driving more, but Mark Rosekind, the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, said distracted (分心) driving was “only increasing,unfortunately.” adv.不幸地题干28. Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers texting in the US?解题步骤Step 1：在题干中划出定位词。选多个词定位，以防一个词无法定位。Step 2：到文章里找出题干中的定位词。Step 3：通过定位词 (1-2个) 寻找答案指向句。Step 4：选择答案。解题思路定位标志的选择原则1) 明显定位标志：大写字母；数字；敏感词(序数词，最高级，唯一性only, unique)。2) 核心概念定位：优先选择名词，最好所有名词都找到；其次形容词和副词，最后是动词。3) 定位词的同义替换。定位根据题干关键词driver和texting以及出题顺序与原文顺序基本一致的原则，可以将答案定位到第一段和第二段。选项A. Ineffective.根据第一段提到的现象以及第二段中的“Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse.”可知,大多数州使用了各种各样 的方法劝说司机在开车时放下手机,可是这个问题却变得越来越严重了。由此可知,在美国禁止司机(开车时)发短 信的禁令是无效的。故选A项。B. Unnecessary.没必要=不应该存在。此选项内容文章没有提及。无中生有。C. Inconsistent.不一致=前后矛盾。此选项内容文章没有提及。无中生有。D. Unfair.不公平=区别对待。此选项内容文章没有提及。无中生有。答案指向句翻译28在过去七年里，大多数州禁止司机开车时发短信。28然而，无论以何种标准衡量，这个问题似乎都在恶化。美国人仍然开车时发短信，以及使用社交网络和拍照。“Big change requires big ideas.” he said in a speech last month, referring broadly to the need to improve road safety. So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk n.方法 v.对待driving. An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the n.设备Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the n.车祸phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity.29The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else v.确定that is not allowed under New Yorks hands-free driving laws. adj.无需手操纵的题干29. What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out?解题步骤Step 1：在题干中划出定位词。选多个词定位，以防一个词无法定位。Step 2：到文章里找出题干中的定位词。Step 3：通过定位词 (1-2个) 寻找答案指向句。Step 4：选择答案。解题思路本题题干定位词Textalyzer对应文章中第五段最后一句中The technology，由此确定第五段最后一句为29题答案指向句。定位根据题干关键词police officers和Textalyzer可以将答案定位到第五段。选项A. Where a driver came from.“来自何处”此选项内容文章没有提及，偏离主题。B. Whether a driver used their phone.根据第五段中的“The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New Yorks hands- free driving laws. ”可知,Textalyzer能够确定司机是否使用了手机发短信、发邮件或有在(手机)免提(模式)驾驶法规下不被允许的其他行为。文章讲的是“如何解决司机用手机分心的问题”，该选项与主题密切相关。故选B项。C. How fast a driver was going.“开得多快”此选项内容文章没有提及，偏离主题。D. When a driver arrived at the scene.“什么时候到”此选项内容文章没有提及，偏离主题。答案指向句翻译29这项技术可以确定司机是否发了短信、发了邮件，或者做了纽约关于司机开车用手机法律所不允许的其他事情。30“We need something on the books that can change peoples behavior,” said Félix W. Ortiz,who pushed for the states 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers. 30If the Textalyzer bill adj.便携式的，手提式的becomes law, he said, “people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.”题干30. What does the underlined word “something” in the last paragraph refer to?解题步骤Step 1：在题干中划出定位词。选多个词定位，以防一个词无法定位。Step 2：到文章里找出题干中的定位词。Step 3：通过定位词 (1-2个) 寻找答案指向句。Step 4：选择答案。解题思路根据题干划线词something和in the last paragraph可以将答案定位到第六段。猜测词义时离不开上下文语境, 所以在做词义猜测题时,既要通过上下文提供的情境和线索进行合理的分析,又要关注该词所在的段落。定位根据题干划线词something和in the last paragraph可以将答案定位到第六段。选项A. Advice.此选项内容文章没有提及。无中生有。B. Data.此选项内容文章没有提及。无中生有。C.Tests.此选项内容文章没有提及。无中生有。D. Laws.根据第六段第一句“We need something on the books that can change peoples behavior.” 可知, something 指的是书面上能够改变人们的行为的东西。且根据下文中“If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said,people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.”可知,当短信分析仪议案成为法律时,人们的行为才会改变。也就是说,只有当有可能受到法律的约束和惩罚时,司机才不会在开车时使用手机。something指代的是法律。所以选 D项。答案指向句翻译30 我们需要一些能改变人们行为的东西。.30他说，如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，人们会更害怕拿起手机。题干31. What is a suitable title for the text?解题步骤Step 1：通过分析篇章结构，找出每一段的主题句。Step 2：通过每一段的主题句，归纳总结文章主旨，然后与各选项对照。Step 3：确定与文章主旨大意相符的选项。Step 4：选择答案。解题思路文章的主旨通过主题句体现，文章标题题关键是找准主题句。主题句通常位于：1) 段首。在议论文和说明文中，段落的第一句往往是主题句所在，它往往概括了文章的主要内容和信息。2) 段尾。先摆事实，后作结论。3) 段落中间。从文章细节开始，发展到结论。又进一步用细节支持说明。4) 无明显主题句。做此类题要抓住对细节描述，综合分析，然后归纳出文章主题。5) 在表达转折的but，however等词后。确定文章标题"三出现"原则：1) 关键词（主题句出现最多的词）一定要出现2) 细节内容不能出现3) 新内容不能出现定位文章标题题，是对文章主旨的高度概括。考查点在于让学生通过归纳总结，选出适合的文章的题目。此题可以通过在文章中寻找关键词语或关键句,特别是题干中提到的词语找到答案点所在。选项A. To Drive or Not to Drive? Think Before You Start未提到Textalyzer，偏离文章主题。B. Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the Textalyzer文中有关键词语texting, driving, the Textalyzer 和关键句“If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.”得知正确选项为B。C. New York Banning Hand-Held Devices by Drivers未提到Textalyzer，偏离文章主题。D. The Next Generation Cell Phone: The TextalyzerTextalyzer不是下一代手机，D选项本身描述错误。答案解析通读文章可知,本文主要讲述的是,为防止司机在开车时使用手机而分心,纽约的立法者提出使用短信分析仪这一新设备来监控司机,看其在开车的时候是否使用了手机。拓展练习一、词汇积累1. ban 词性v.词义禁止2. persuade 词性v.词义说服3. device 词性n.词义设备4. crash 词性n.词义车祸二、核心词汇（或短语）的同义替换1. ban = prohibit2. persuade = convince3. require = demand/need三、词形变化（派生词）1. sharp adj. 急剧的 sharply adv. 急剧地2. fortunate adj. 幸运的 fortunately adv. 幸运地 unfortunately adv. 不幸地3. determine v. 决定 determined adj. 坚定的 determination adj. 毅力4. effect n.影响 effective adj.有效的 ineffective adj.无效的四、一词多义（请根据句意猜测划线词的词义）approach 5 / 51. b He took a very scientific approach to management. 2. a Winter is approaching.a. 靠近b. 方法treat1. c I decided to treat his remark as a joke. 2. a My parents still treat me like a child.3. d She treated him to lunch. 4. b She was treated for sunstroke.a. 对待b. 治疗c. 看待d. 款待；请客五、作文素材积累Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel.【赏析】1. 本句为and连接的两个并列句。2. over the last seven years是现在完成时的时间状语。3. to persuade为动词不定式作目的状语。4. when they are behind the wheel是when引导的时间状语从句，是对开车的形象说法，使语言更加多样生动。【译文】在过去的七年里，大多数州都禁止司机开车时发短信，很多公益活动也尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下机。【仿写】过去几年间，社交媒体平台的迅速发展给传统媒体造成了巨大冲击。Over the past few years, the rapid growth of social media platforms has struck a heavy blow to traditional broadcast media.
