精品解析：黑龙江省鹤岗市第一中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）.doc

2020-2021 学年度上学期高一学年期中考试 英语试题总分：150 分 时间：120 分钟第一部分；阅读理解（共 20 小题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 50 分） 第一节：阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANo matter which place you decide to visit in Spain, youll find a beautiful beach waiting just for you. These popular beaches can meet the needs of people from all walks of life.Cala de Algaiarens, MinoreaWith soft golden sand and clear water, this beach is perfect for snorkeling (浅滩潜水) and visiting underwater caves. The beach belongs to a local man, so tourists have to pay a small entry fee. The waves here can sometimes be huge so the beach isnt safe for kids.Cala Tarida, IbizaBesides the big music festivals and the exciting nightlife, Ibiza is home to some of the most beautiful beaches; one of them is Cala Tarida. Just relax on the white sand or go swimming in clear water. It is an ideal location to spend a sunny day if you are in Ibiza.Beach of La Concha, San SebastianIt has been called the best city beach not just in Spain, but also in Europe. Its so popular during the holidays that tourists have to struggle to get some space. Even though the beach is a 10- minute walk from the city, the white sand and the amzing clear waters do make the city a new world.Sotavento, Canary IslandsAs an ideal choice for travelers, Sotavento offers 17 miles of white sandy beach. It is blessed with strong water and winds, making it a paradise (天堂) for surfers and kite flyers. The beach also hosts the popular World Kite Surf Championship every August.1. Why are kids advised not to visit Cala de Algaiarens?A. Because the beach is too crowded.B. Because the sand there is too hot.C. Because the beach is a private one.D. Because the waves are powerful sometimes.2. What can visitors do in Cala Tarida?A. They can enjoy a music festival.B. They can go snorkeling.C. They can go surfing.D. They can fly kites.3. What makes Sotavento special according to the text?A. Its perfect for people to fly kites.B. It covers a distance of 17 miles.C. The beach is open only in August.D. The waves are huge and dangerous.【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西班牙一些能满足各行各业人们的各种需求的海滩，并分别介绍了它们各自的特别之处。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Cala de Algaiarens, Minorea部分的“The waves here can sometimes be huge so the beach isnt safe for kids.”“这里的海浪有时很大，所以海滩对孩子们来说不安全。”可知，海浪有时很大，所以建议孩子们不要去参观Cala de Algaiarens。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Cala Tarida, Ibiza部分的“Besides the big music festivals and the exciting nightlife, Ibiza is home to some of the most beautiful beaches; one of them is Cala Tarida.”“除了大型音乐节和令人兴奋的夜生活，Ibiza还有一些最美丽的海滩，其中之一就是Cala Tarida”可知，游客在Cala Tarida可以参加音乐节。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Sotavento, Canary Islands部分的“It is blessed with strong water and winds, making it a paradise for surfers and kite flyers. ”“它得天独厚的水和风，使它成为冲浪者和风筝爱好者的天堂。”可知，Sotavento的与众不同之处在于它是个完美的冲浪和放风筝之处。故选A项。BI was in the Sants Cruz Mountains not long ago, speaking and singing at a womens conference. We were focusing on the theme of loving others in practical ways through our gifts, and something in particular happened during one of the sessions (会议) will remain imprinted in memory.A young Syrian woman (Lilith) was invited to the conference at the last minute, and everyone seemed surprised and delighted that shed actually come. Just a few days earlier, Lilith had fled her country and found refuge with one of the women attending the conference.Lilith had witnessed horrors no one of her young age should ever see. Despite the further danger it presented, shed decided to leave her home and her family to find safety here in America. Knowing some of her story, and seeing her sitting through the sessions at the retreat (畏缩不前) head, covered in a scarf, bowed toward the floor broke my heart.Liliths story touched all of us, including Pam, an attendee, who was a quilt maker. Pam had just finished a beautiful quilt, and had brought it with her. She, along with a few of the leaders, decided to give it to Lilith as a symbol of their comfort and love. Lilith had left her own mother behind in her homeland and I cant imagine how frightened and alone she felt. But in her absence, I could see there were lots of “mamas” in this community of women, who were more than ready to love her.During our last session, Lilith was called forward and prayed over, hugged, and wrapped up in that beautiful quilt. I thought of the many hours Pam undoubtedly spent working on it, and the terrible events that led Lilith to this moment surrounded by the beauty and love the quiltembodied (包括). I wept. When they told her it was for her, she wept.A quilt wrapped around a ravaged young woman is just one practical, loving act.4. What is the purpose of the womens conference?A To get together to dance and sing.B. To win equal rights for women.C. To help others in a practical way.D. To exchange gifts with each other.5. What is the meaning of the underlined word?A. A place of interest.B. A place of danger.C. A place of conference.D. A place of shelter.6. Why did Lilith go to America?A. To attend the womens conference.B. To find her family.C. To find safety.D. To find a better job.7. From this passage, we know that the writer is _.A. sympatheticB. enthusiasticC. intelligentD. talented【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己参加爱心妇女大会的经历。叙利亚女子Lilith为了躲避恐怖分子的袭击，来到美国寻求庇护，并得到了作者及其他女士的帮助。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We were focusing on the theme of loving others in practical ways through our gifts, and something in particular happened during one of the sessions (会议) will remain imprinted in memory.”可知，我们的主题是通过送礼物以实际的方式关爱他人，其中一次聚会中发生的一件特别的事将会铭刻在记忆中。由此可知，妇女大会的目的是以实际的方式帮助别人。故选C。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Despite the further danger it presented, shed decided to leave her home and her family to find safety here in America.”可知，尽管面临着更大的危险，她还是决定离开自己的家和家人，到美国来寻求安全。由此可知，莉莉丝去美国寻找安全。划线词所在句意为“就在几天前，莉莉丝逃离了她的国家，在参加会议的一名妇女那里避难。”由此可知，划线词指的是A place of shelter(一个避难所)。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Despite the further danger it presented, shed decided to leave her home and her family to find safety here in America.”可知，尽管面临着更大的危险，她还是决定离开自己的家和家人，到美国来寻求安全。由此可知，莉莉丝去美国寻找安全。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Knowing some of her story, and seeing her sitting through the sessions at the retreat (畏缩不前) head, covered in a scarf, bowed toward the floor broke my heart.(知道了她的一些故事，看到她在静修期间坐着头裹着围巾，向地板鞠躬我的心都碎了)”和文章最后的“I wept.(我哭了)”可推知，作者是富有同情心的。故选A。CYou may have heard adults say they are uncomfortable in the morning without a cup of coffee. One reason they may feel that way is that coffee contains caffeine(咖啡因). Caffeine appears naturally in coffee, tea, and cocoa beans, which are used to make chocolate. But now food makers are adding it to many products, from potato chips to water.The US government is especially worried about the problem. Thats why the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is studying the health effects of caffeine on young people. Studies show that too much caffeine can make people nervous and unable to sleep. Whats more, caffeine is habit-forming. Those who consume it regularly and stop suddenly may experience headaches and feel tired. One of the biggest concerns is the large amount of caffeine added to so-called energy drinks, like Red Bull. A 12-ounce can of cola has about 35 milligrams of caffeine. A similar serving of Red Bull contains more than three times that amount. The Institute of Medicine is also working on caffeine-safety measures. “Teenagers should not drink beverages that contain caffeine. They should be aware of caffeines effects on health and on how the brain works. Take, for example, teenagers who consume caffeine to stay awake and study for a test. They will remember less of what they just studied,” said Stallings, a member of the institute.Companies that make products with added caffeine claim they do not advertise them to kids. However, there is no law to stop children from buying them. So the FDA needs to set limits on caffeine, especially in energy drinks. As for added caffeine in foods, the government should just say no. If not, the amount of caffeine should be printed on food labels to remind consumers. The government must do that. Doctors say kids should avoid caffeine. If you need extra energy, try these natural boosters: eat right, exercise, and get plenty of sleep.8. What is the US government particularly concerned about?A. The fact that coffee contains caffeine.B. The practice of adding caffeine to foods.C. The measures of avoiding caffeines effects.D. The practice of using caffeine to make chocolate.9. Red Bull is listed in the third paragraph as an example of _.A. caffeines effects on healthB. teenagers addiction to caffeineC. drinks which contain much caffeineD. peoples concern about teenagers health10. Paragraph 5 is mainly about _.A. the measures of protecting teenagers from caffeines effectsB. the process of the governments controlling the use of caffeineC. the governments responsibility of taking care of teenagersD. the risk of buying products containing caffeine nowadays11. The author may agree that _.A. headaches and feeling tired are common in teenagersB. food makers dont add much caffeine to many products nowC. caffeine is good and useful for teenagers studyD. getting enough sleep can make people energetic【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了现在许多食物和饮料中添加咖啡因或添加过量这一现象，及其对身体的影响，尤其是对儿童的影响。呼吁政府加以管理。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“But now food makers are adding it to many products, from potato chips to water.(但现在，食品制造商正在将其添加到许多产品中，从薯片到水)”和第二段首句“The US government is especially worried about the problem.(美国政府尤其担心这个问题) ”可知美国政府对食物和饮料中添加咖啡因问题很担心，故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“One of the biggest concerns is the large amount of caffeine added to so-called energy drinks, like Red Bull.(最大的问题之一是在所谓的能量饮料中添加了大量的咖啡因，比如红牛) ”可知Red Bull就是一种含许多咖啡因的功能饮料，故选C。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“So the FDA needs to set limits on caffeine, especially in energy drinks. As for added caffeine in foods, the government should just say no.( 因此FDA需要对咖啡因进行限制，尤其是在功能饮料中。对于食物中添加的咖啡因，政府应该说不)”和“As for added caffeine in foods, the government should just say no. If not, the amount of caffeine should be printed on food labels to remind consumers. The government must do that.( 对于食物中添加的咖啡因，政府应该说不。如果没有，咖啡因的含量应该印在食品标签上，以提醒消费者。政府必须这么做) ”可推断，本段主要讲述保护青少年免受咖啡因影响的具体措施，故选A.【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“If you need extra energy, try these natural boosters: eat right, exercise, and get plenty of sleep.( 如果你需要额外的能量，试试这些天然的助力器：合理饮食、锻炼和充足的睡眠) ”可知作者主张合理饮食、加强锻炼和保证睡眠来增加能量，故选D。【点睛】推理判断题的解题方法 ：推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。任何一篇文章都有其特定的写作目的，读者应当知道如何去做或按照某种方式传递思考问题。例如第35小题根据最后一句If you need extra energy, try these natural boosters: eat right, exercise, and get plenty of sleep.可知，如果你需要额外的能量，试试这些天然的助力器：合理饮食、锻炼和充足的睡眠，因此推断作者主张合理饮食、加强锻炼和保证睡眠来增加能量，故选D。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。DEach nation has many good people who help to take care of others. For example, some high school and college students in the United States often spend many hours as volunteers in hospitals, orphanages or homes for the aged. They read books to the people in these places, or they just visit them or listen to their problems. Other young volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick or disabled. They paint, clean up, or repair houses, do their shopping and mow their lawns(修整草坪).For boys who no longer have fathers, there is an organization called Big Brothers. College students and other men take these boys to basketball games or on fishing trips and help them to get to know things that boys usually learn from their fathers.Such city has a number of clubs where boys and girls can go to play games or learn. Some of these clubs show movies or organize short trips to the mountains the beaches, museums or other places. Most of these clubs use a lot of high school and college students as volunteers. They are young enough to remember the problems of younger boys and girls.Volunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others.12. What can you find volunteers doing in the United States according to the passage?A. Helping passengers get on a bus.B. Guiding visitors in the park.C. Helping old people in their daily life.D. Cleaning streets on weekends.13. How do volunteers usually help patients or the disabled?A. They do their shopping and other housework.B. They cook, sew or wash their clothes.C. They tell stories and sing and dance for them.D. They clean, wash and repair their cars.14. Why do most of the clubs use many high school or college students as volunteers? Because they _.A. have more free time than othersB. can understand them more easilyC. know how to work with younger peopleD. are energetic to manage it15. What might be the best title of this passage?A. Please be happy with others.B. How to be a happiest man in the world.C. To help others is to help yourself.D. Give others a hand, and youll be happy.【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D【解析】本文是说明文。每个国家都有许多志愿者在帮助别人，文章列举了志愿者们的活动，他们帮助的人群和具体的志愿者活动，志愿者们认为能够帮助别人，给别人带来幸福是最幸福的。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“some high school and college students in the United States often spend many hours as volunteers in hospitals, orphanages or homes for the aged. They read books to the people in these places, or they just visit them or listen to their problems.”(美国的一些高中生和大学生经常花很多时间在医院、孤儿院或老人院做志愿者。他们给这些地方的人们读书，拜访他们或倾听他们的问题。)可知我们会发现美国的志愿者在日常生活中帮助老人，故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Other young volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick or disabled. They paint, clean up, or repair houses, do their shopping and mow their lawns(修整草坪).”(其他的年轻志愿者去病人或残疾人的家里工作。他们涂刷墙壁、打扫卫生或修理房屋、购物或修剪草坪。)可知志愿者会帮助病人或残疾人购物和做家务，故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Most of these clubs use a lot of high school and college students as volunteers. They are young enough to remember the problems of younger boys and girls.”(大多数俱乐部使用高中生和大学生作为志愿者。他们还年轻，还记得更小的男孩和女孩的问题。)可知大多数俱乐部使用高中生和大学生作为志愿者是因为他们和俱乐部成员们年龄相差少，更容易理解他们。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一段提到每个国家都有许多善良的人帮助照顾别人，然后列举了美国志愿者们的活动，他们帮助的人群和具体的志愿者活动，高中生和大学生在某些俱乐部是受欢迎的志愿者。最后一段“Volunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others.”概括了志愿者的信念，他们认为能够帮助别人，给别人带来幸福的人是最幸福的。D项Give others a hand, and youll be happy.(给别人帮助，你就会快乐)能概括全文，适合作为标题。故选D。第二节：根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有 两项为多余选项。Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer._16_ Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell. But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not