易错点15阅读理解：推理判断题（4大陷阱易错点）-备战2024年高考英语考试易错题含解析.docx

易错点15 阅读理解：推理判断题（4大陷阱易错点）-备战2024年高考英语考试易错题易错点15 阅读理解推理判断题目 录01 易错陷阱（4大陷阱）02 举一反三【易错点提醒一】观点态度易混易错点【易错点提醒二】文章出处和读者对象易混易错点【易错点提醒三】写作目的和意图易混易错点【易错点提醒四】细节推断易混易错点03 易错题通关易错陷阱1：观点态度易混易错点。【分析】1. 选项中的观点态度类词意辨析不清；2. 原文中表达作者观点、态度的形容词和副词词义；3. 未能从所列举的例子中理解作者真正表达的意思；易错陷阱2：文章出处和读者对象易混易错点。【分析】读者需要具备一定的生活常识，对报纸、杂志、网络、科普、小说、广告、说明书、旅游指南等有基本的了解，才能根据文章的特点对号入座，选出正确的答案。有时命题者为了增加试题的难度，特殊的格式或日期可能不出现，这时需要根据文章的题材内容进行推断。如，发布新闻，最可能是出现在报纸上；如果是科普读物，可能是出自科普杂志上。易错陷阱3：写作目的和意图易混易错点。【分析】考生应根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图和写作手法。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这就要求考生不但要理解文章的主旨大意，而且要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行归纳总结和分析的能力。如，广告是作者要推销一种产品或一种服务：吸引更多的游客读者或订户观众等。议论文是为了说服读者接受或赞同某一观点。易错陷阱4：细节推断易混易错点。【分析】细节推断要求考生根据文章内容，推断具体的细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。题干中常出现infer（推断），indicate（象征，暗示），imply（暗示），suggest（暗示）.conclude（作出结论），assume（假定，设想）等词。考生应以文中信息为依据，不但要理解表层含义，而且要理解深层意义。 【易错点提醒一】 观点态度易混易错点【例1】 （2024届河北省百师联盟高三联考）But, it doesn't have to be all bad news. “One major motivation in studying the link between climate change and human-wildlife conflicts is finding solutions,” said Abrahms. “As we learn about specific incidents, we can identify patterns and tends-and come up with interventions(干预) to try to address these conflicts.”Some interventions maybe as simple as public-awareness campaigns. Governments can also plan forties when extreme climate events will bring people and wild if e into closer contact. “Once you know the root causes of a conflict, you can design interventions to help both people and wildlife,” said Abrahms. “We can change.”What does Abrahms think of interventions?A. They are too simple.B. They are out-of-date.C. They are changeable.D. They are beneficial.【变式1】（江苏省2023-2024学年高三名校联考检测试题）Of course, all of these are predictions. Scientists have said its almost impossible to truly predict how evolution will unfold. As we go further and further out, the prediction is less accurate. And its even more difficult to predict whether another species will develop human-level intelligence, Some think that it could happen. Others, however, are less optimistic because they dont think nature will make mistakes twice.Which of the following best describes the future of other species filling the same role as humans?AHopeless.BChallenging.CPromising.DUncertain.【变式2】 （2024届浙江省绍兴市高三上学期模拟预测英语试题） .“No one can read a pamphlet (小册子) about cars and suddenly expect to drive,” said Rollins. “Driving is a skill that requires education and practice. The same is true of responsive parenting. Public health professionals, clinicians, and researchers must collaborate to help families develop psychosocial assets, including responsive parenting and a structured home environment. This could improve childhood obesity rates and other important quality-of-life outcomes,” she continued.Which of the following would Professor Rollins agree with?AKids early exposures to family psychosocial assets are hard to measure.BKids academic success largely depends on family psychosocial assets.CResponsive parenting is the most important family psychosocial asset.DDeveloping psychosocial assets is a joint effort of experts and families.【变式3】（广东省佛山市S7联盟2023-2024学年高三联考试题）.These kids are admittedly luckier than those for whom going back home is sadly not an option. But when choosing to live with your mum is the only way of coping with an insecure job, or with the costs of renting in the city, then thats not much of a choice. Home is still the place where, when you have to go there, they have to take you in. But a healthy and successful society shouldnt be sending quite many overgrown children hurrying back for shelter, and nor should it leave quite many parents feeling bad about it.What is the authors attitude to this trend?AFavorable.BConfused.CTolerant.DDisapproving.【易错点提醒二】 文章出处和读者对象易混易错点【例2】 （湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三摸底考试）When you think about it, food is an important part of our lives. Family gatherings center around food and the celebration of major life events and milestones involves food in one way or another. The same holds true for us here on the Space Station. Food is important and ends up usually being a topic of discussion for almost every crew.Our food also comes packaged in many ways. But no matter what the form of the food though, you still have the same problem eating it- - you do not want it flying away from you and making a mess when you open it up. In this case a little bit of extra water is extremely helpful. It keeps the food kind of sticking together and to the package and to your spoon. Small things do escape from time to time, but we really try hard to minimize the random flying food problem. That is enough for now! Next time I will write about how to cook in space.Where is the text most probably taken from?AA food magazine.BAn astronauts journal.CA sci-fi handbook.DA space history website.【变式1】（江苏省2023-2024学年高三名校联考检测试题）In his latest Twitter shake-up, Elon Musk has decided to temporarily control how many tweets users can read each day.On Saturday, Musk announced the daily limit, with some accounts restricted to 300 posts. Musk said verified users would be able to read 6,000 posts per day, while unverified and newly created unverified accounts would only be able to read either 600 or 300 posts per day.Where is this article most likely to occur?AIn a free magazine offered on an airplane.BIn a yearly review book concerning Internet and society.CIn a newspaper published within one month.DIn a literature criticism book on politics.【变式2】（江苏省前黄高级中学2023-2024学年高三学情检测）Special Food Places to Try In SingaporeIts an unpleasant fact that local food places are usually meant to cater to meat-eaters. It can be difficult to find a tasty food place that caters to meat-free diet. Here are some options to show you dont need meat for a satisfactory treat.Who is the passage intended for?AThose who want to lose weight.BThose who dont eat meat.CThose who cant go without meat.DThose who prefer home-made food.【变式3】（广东省东莞实验中学高三下学期开学“收心”试题）Beer Worth Traveling ForOne could give to beer the higher status of a universal human truth. Think Irish Guinness or Japanese Sapporo, each culture has a beer all its own. But in recent years, smaller, more local craft breweries (啤酒厂) have been on the rise, necessitating globe-trotting to gain a taste of the regional takes on the classics. From well-established breweries in South Africa and California, to the growing markets in Southeast Asia, craft beer is worth travelling for. Szot BreweryTalagante, ChileA Californian and Chilean husband-and-wife team established this brewery outside Santiago in 2016. .The Dancing Camel BreweryTel Aviv, IsraelLocated in a converted grain storage facility dating from the 1930s and established in 2005, Dancing Camel is Israels oldest microbrewery. .Young Master BreweryHong Kong SAR, ChinaAs one of the first craft breweries in Hong Kong, Young Master Ales has been a hot spot since 2013. In addition to.Young Henrys BrewerySydney, AustraliaIn the heart of the city, this brewery is all about the community, including reducing its environmental impact.Where does the text probably come from?AA travel guidebook.BA science magazine.CA biology textbook.DA wine advertisement.【易错点提醒三】 写作目的和意图易混易错点【例3】（2024届河北省百师联盟高三联考）Navigating growing up alongside academic demands is a difficult phase of life for anyone. “The hardest part of having dyscalculia in my K-12 experience was dealing with a disability on top of the normal aspects of growing up,” Cladek said. “Growing up with dyscalculia greatly affected myself-worth and not feeling like I am enough,” said Cladek, who is now a college student. “If l could only be able to fit in with the rest of the kids and not have this anxiety and frustration every time I look at a math problem on my worksheet, then Ill be enough, which was a common thought I had.”What does the author want to say by men toning Cladek's experience?A. Cladek has fantastic memories of schooling.B. It's better to have dyscalculia diagnosed earlier.C. Growing up with dyscalculia is a big challenge.D. Academic demands outweigh struggling with dyscalculia.【变式1】（江苏省镇江第一中学2023-2024学年高三学情检测）As Mrs. Brown revealed in her award acceptance speech about her journey to creating Eden Village, helping homeless people is something personal, “I watched as my homeless friends walked off into the darkness to a hidden, wet and cold camp while we went home to a warm bed. I had to do something.”Why is Mrs. Browns award acceptance speech mentioned in the paragraph?ATo express her sympathy for her friends.BTo highlight the influence of the village.CTo show her sincere gratitude for the award.DTo give her reason for setting up the village.【变式2】（2024届浙江省绍兴市高三上学期模拟预测英语试题）Eggs-perimenting with eggsWhat can you do with eggs other than eat them?Naked EggsWhat does an egg look like without its shell? You may be picturing the white and yolk in a bowl after cracking it, but that isnt the only way to remove the shell. Materials: an egg, white vinegar, a bowl, a spoonDirections: Fill a bowl with one cup of vinegar. Add the egg to the bowl, and wait at least 24 hours. When you check it after a day, youll notice some bubbles on the egg and a residue (残留物) in the water. Use the spoon to gently remove the egg from the bowl. Dump out the old vinegar, and add a cup of fresh vinegar. Return the egg to the bowl, and wait another 24 hours. When you remove the egg this time, the shell should be completely dissolved. What remains will be the contents of the egg. Walking on EggshellsCan Eggs hold the weight of your entire body?Materials: six cartons (硬纸盒) of eggs, a garbage bagDirections: Place the garbage bag on the floor to make any necessary clean up easier. Place the cartons of eggs into two rows of three. Make sure all the eggs are pointing in the same direction either all pointy end up or all rounded end up. Step onto the first carton of eggs carefully. Make sure your foot is as flat as possible and that you are distributing your weight evenly. If youre careful, you will succeed. Eggs are actually incredibly strong. The arch shape at the top and the bottom of the egg allows pressure to be distributed evenly over the egg. If you were to place the eggs on their sides instead, youd be likely to wind up with a gooey (胶粘的) mess.What was the authors purpose in writing this text?ATo persuade readers to use eggs in new ways.BTo entertain readers with funny use for eggs.CTo tell readers some ways to experiment with eggs.DTo inspire readers to conduct experiments carefully.【变式3】（Z20名校联盟2023-2024学年高三第一次联考试题）.Macaques dont use the sharp flakes they create for anything, Luncz adds, noting that the monkeys have sharp teeth and dont need cutting tools. The similar ancient stone tools collected from some of the earliest known sites, however, show evidence of being used for cutting tasks. For example, in Oldowan, a site dating between 3.3 million and 1.5 million years ago, researchers analyzed use-wear patterns on the tools and found that some of the flakes showed damage along their edges, indicating that they had been used for cutting. Cut marks on some fossils revealed that hominins had used stone tools for butchering the animals, making it clear that the sharp stone tools were anything but unintentional by-products of other pounding activities. Why does the author mention the Oldowan site in paragraph 3?ATo provide specific proof.BTo clarify a complex concept.CTo present an interesting fact.DTo make a detailed comparison.【易错点提醒四】 细节推断易混易错点【例4】（湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三测试）Who can apply?Anyone is qualified to enroll in the Summer Semester, but please note some courses are only available to current students who are enrolled in a UQ degree.Past applicants have included:current UQ studentsstudents from other universities, including international studentsprofessionalsadults from a range of backgroundshigh-school studentsWhich word can best describe the past applicants of Summer Semester?ASkilled.BYoung.CDiverse.DCompetent.【变式1】（辽宁省六校2023-2024学年高三联考试卷）A tree-planting initiative in Kenya has seen over 30,000 trees being planted. The Green Generation Initiative is a Kenyan charity that has been planting trees to counter climate change and the reduction in forest in the East African nation since 2016.Speaking to world leaders at the recent United Nations Climate Conference in Glasgow (COP26), Elizabeth issued a serious warning on the threat of climate change. Over two million of Kenyans are facing climate related starvation. In 2025, half of the worlds population will be facing water shortage. The climate crisis will displace 80 million people in sub-Saharan Africa alone.Elizabeth said, “I have been doing what I can. Inspired by the great Wangari Maathai, I founded a tree growing initiative that enhances food security for young Kenyans.” So far, they have grown 30,000 fruit trees to maturity, providing desperately needed nutrition for thousands of children. “Every day we see that when we look after the trees, they look after us. We are the adults on this Earth right now, and it is our responsibility to ensure that the children have food and water,” she added.Which of the following can best describe Elizabeth Wathuti?AFriendly and talented.BCaring and responsible.CHonest and determined.DAmbitious and humorous.【变式2】（辽宁省六校2023-2024学年高三联考试卷）.The Colombian researchers are not the only ones working on creating a slower-melting ice cream. In 2015, scientists at the University of Dundee in Scotland found that a natural protein called BsIA was very effective in keeping the treat frozen for longer periods of time. With both teams fighting to be the first to get to the market, the future of everyones favorite dessert certainly looks bright.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?ABsIA is popular in the market.BCNFs are more useful and expensive than BsIACIce creams with CNFs have been on sale at the market.DSlowly enjoying an ice cream will soon become a reality.【变式3】（江苏省前黄高级中学2023-2024学年高三学情检测）Special Food Places to Try In SingaporeIts an unpleasant fact that local food places are usually meant to cater to meat-eaters. It can be difficult to find a tasty food place that caters to meat-free diet. Here are some options to show you dont need meat for a satisfactory treat.Vegan BurgVegan Burg has a surprisingly diverse range of plant-based burgers. From Hawaiian Teriyaki to Char-Grilled Satay, the menu promises to tempt even the most hardcore meat lovers. And thats not