高中英语语法：过去完成时分析与练习含答案.pdf
高中英语语法-过去完成时分析+练习过去完成时1意义和构成：过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已完成的动作或状态(亦可以说是“过去的过去”)。过去完成时由“had过去分词”构成。He had already been to New York earlier in the week.本周早些时候他去过纽约。Jane had just left when you rang.你打电话时简刚走。The country had not yet recovered from the effects of the war.这个国家尚未从战争的影响下复原。2过去完成时的用法(1)表示较早的过去表示较早的过去，即某一时刻之前已完成的动作或状态。After we had landed，the plane was searched thoroughly.我们降落后，飞机被彻底搜查了一遍。When she heard that her father had died in the accident，she burst out crying.当她听说她父亲在这次事故中丧生时便大哭起来。(2)用于间接引语过去完成时的作用有时完全相当于现在完成时的过去形式，在间接引语中多有这种情况。Helen said(that)she had moved to another flat.海伦说她已搬到另一套公寓去了。(3)用于宾语从句过去完成时表示一个过去的动作先于另一个过去动作的用法，多见于宾语从句。一般说来，主句中用了 know(知道)，realize(意识到)，think(认为)，suppose(猜想)，guess(推测)，find(找到)，discover(发现)，decide(决定)，remember(想起)，forget(忘记)等动词的一般过去时，如果宾语从句中的动作先于主句的动作，通常用过去完成时。We realized we had lost our way.我们意识到我们迷路了。I didnt think to ask her if she had passed her examination.我没有想问她是否考试及格了。(4)强调过去动作的完成I began collecting stamps in February and by November I had collected more than 2,000.我从 2 月份开始集邮，到 11 月已收集到 2 000 多枚。By six oclock they had worked for 8 hours.到 6 点钟他们已经工作了 8 小时了。(可能还没结束)(5)用于虚拟语气过去完成时的这一用法，常见于虚拟语气句中。If only we had listened to their advice!我们要是听了他们的建议就好了！Id rather you hadnt been present.我宁愿你当时不在场。If I had asked for directions，I wouldnt have gotten lost.如果我问一下路，就不会迷失方向了。(6)表示过去未曾实现的希望、打算和意图过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的希望、打算或意图，只适用于下列动词：expect(期待)，hope(希望)，intend(打算)，mean(打算)，suppose(料想)，think(认为)，want(想要)等。We had hoped that you would be able to visit us.我们原本希望你会来拜访我们。I had meant to take a good holiday this year，but I was not able to leave.我本打算今年好好去度假，只是脱不开身。(7)过去完成时还可用于某些固定句型中：hardly.when.，no sooner.than.，It was the firsttime that.等。It was the first time that the girl had talked to a famous astronaut.这是女孩第一次和一位著名宇航员进行交谈。Hardly had he got home when he began to go over his lessons.他一回到家就开始复习功课。No sooner had they arrived than they were asked to a party.他们刚一到达就被叫到了一个派对上。3过去完成时和一般过去时的区别：(1)过去完成时和一般过去时用于同一个句子中表示过去事件发生的顺序。When I arrived，she left.(I arrived and then she left.)我到达时她离开了。When I arrived，she had left.(She left before I arrived.)我到达之前她离开了。(2)过去完成时表示以过去某时间为起点以前所发生的动作或存在的状态，即：过去完成时强调“过去的过去”；而一般过去时只表示以现在时间为起点以前所发生的事情或存在的状态。He studied there two years ago.两年前他在那儿学习。(离现在两年)He said he had studied there two years ago.他说他在那儿学习了两年。(离他说话时两年)(3)表示过去某个时间以前所连续发生的两个或两个以上的动作时，一般用 and，then，but按照动作的先后顺序连接，此时通常用一般过去时而不用过去完成时。He said he went the shop and bought some food.他说他去商店买了一些食品。4.练习.选词填空1When we arrived，those experts _(have left/had left)the village.2He _(had worked/worked)there for two years.Now he is in China.3The girl _(had visited/will visit)her teacher when she gets there.4He told us that he_(had planted/planted)more than 200 trees already.5It was the second time that he_(has talked/had talked)to a foreigner.1.had left2.worked3.will visit4.had planted5.had talked.完成句子1.到上学期期末为止，我已经学了 2 000 个英语单词。2.当老师走进教室时，刘红已经回家了。3.当妈妈到家时，我已经做了十道数学题。4.老师问我们是否做完了作业。5.他说这个地方他已经参观过两次了。1I had learned 2,000 English words by the end of last term.2When the teacher came into the classroom，Liu Hong had gone home.3When my mother got home，I had already done 10 maths problems.4The teacher asked if we had finished doing our homework.5He said that he had visited the place twice already.单句语法填空1How many English novels_ you _(read)so far?2When we got to the station，the train _(leave)already.3He _(learn)3,000 words before he went to England.4The old man told us that he _(travel)to many places.5It was the third time that he _(see)such a large animal.6He _(plan)to help his friend，but he was too busy then.7Hardly _he _(begin)his speech when the audience interrupted him.8I didnt know a thing about verbs，for I _(not，study)my lessons.9Edison _(build)a chemistry lab by the time he was ten.10I met Wang Hua in the street yesterday.We _(not，see)each other for a long time.1.have;read2.had left3.had learned4.had travelled 5.had seen 6.had planned7.had;begun 8.hadnt studied9.had built10.hadnt seen.单句写作11那是他第一次来到一个这么大的城市。(come)It was the first time that he had come to such a big city.12那天他告诉我们，他已经决定放弃那个计划了。(tell)He told us that he had decided to give up that plan that day.13近几年这个村里发生了很大变化。(take place)Great changes have taken place in this village in recent years.14现在他在北京居住。他在美国待过两年。(live)Now hes living in Beijing.He stayed in the America for two years.15她刚刚做完作业，妈妈就让她弹钢琴。(finish)She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to play the piano.语法填空When my uncle was young，he answered the call and went to that distant island with hisclassmates.He took some books as well as some seeds with him.On 35._(arrive)at thebeautiful island，he became interested in the plants which were native 36._ the island.Heoften observed them in his spare time.Later，most of his classmates returned to the city，while myuncle chose 37._(stay)on that island.My grandfather was 38._ angry that he blamedhim for it many times on the phone.However，my uncle didnt change his mind.My grandfathereven considered him as 39._ disgrace to the whole family.My uncle worked hard in the day.In his free time，he went on studying the characteristics ofthose plants.He even had some samples 40._(place)in his bedroom.Just at that time he beganto think about how they evolved from their ancestors.Although his study 41._(generate)noincome，he was crazy about it.He often used some primitive methods to carry out hisexperiments,42._(detect)how the seeds grew into some tall plants.There was a time43._ the number of those plants was on the decline.He managed to find out the reason andcame up with a new way to solve the problem.Later，he achieved a lot in this field.Many peoplehad suspected him of his talent，but he succeeded!He was 44._(absolute)a legend!1.arriving2.to 3.to stay4.so 5.a 6.placed 7.generated8.detecting9.when10.absolutely.短文翻译熟能生巧。杰克逊的男孩们也在练习！这个团体逐渐地成形了。然后，这群人的消息开始流传起来。因此，迈克尔有机会做了一些独唱歌曲。在接下来的几年里，迈克尔一直位居榜首。他的 100 万张唱片在新西兰售出，而新西兰的总人口只有 300 万！_Practice makes perfect.And the Jackson boys practiced!Gradually the group took shape.Thenword of this group began to get around.Thus Michael got a chance to do some solo songs.In thefollowing years，Michael was always on the top.One million records of his were sold in NewZealand，which had only a total population of three million!
