(易提分)3.3 Discovering Useful Structure 导学案(1)-人教版高中英语必修第一册.docx
Unit 3 Sports and fitnessPeriod 3 Discovering Useful Structure导学案姓名: _ 班级: _1. To master the basic usages of tag questions.2. To learn to use tag questions to express proper emotions orally.To use different types of tag questions in oral English. 1.附加疑问句的定义:附加疑问句,又称反意疑问句,主要用于口语,其作用是说话人向对方_自己的陈述或者判断,也可以用于祈使句表示_或者_。2.附加疑问句的组成 附加疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是_部分,后一部分是_部分,两部分的人称和时态应保持_。附加疑问部分一般由助动词 、be动词或情态动词和表示主语的代词构成 。(一)基本组成方法1. 肯定式陈述部分+否定附加疑问部分(前肯后否)You often play badminton, dont you? 你经常打羽毛球,是吗?You are going to the gym with me, _you? 你要和我一起去健身房,是吗?Shes been to shanghai before, _she ? 她以前去过上海,是吗?2. 否定式陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分(前否后肯)It isn't a beautiful flower, is it? 那不是美丽的花,是吗?You didn't go skating yesterday, _you? 你昨天没去滑冰,是吗?They cant finish it by Friday, _? 他们不能在星期五之前完成,是吗?3. 含有否定词的附加疑问句(1)当陈述句中含有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, little, few, none, neither,no, not, nowhere, nothing no one, nobody等否定意义的词时,后面的附加疑问句则为肯定形式。He hardly goes to school by car, does he?他几乎不开车去上学,是吗?You have never been to Paris, _you?你从没去过巴黎,是吗?They seldom come late, _they?他们很少迟到,是吗?Little has been done to prevent pollution, _it? 几乎没有做什么来防止污染,是吗?(2)如果陈述句中仅含否定前缀的词unhappy, dislike, impossible等,则后面的附加疑问句仍为否定形式。He is unfit for his job, _?他不适合这项工作,是吗?It is impossible, isn't it? 那不可能,是吗?He dislikes his classmates,_?他不喜欢他的同学,是吗?4. 祈使句的附加疑问句(1)肯定的祈使句的附加疑问句在句末加“will you? /wont you?/can you ?/ cant you?”(2)否定的祈使句的附加疑问句通常在句末加“will you?”Come along with me, will you / wont you ?/can you ?/ cant you?跟我来,好吗?Don't make any noise,_? 别出声,好吗?(1)Let's 开头的祈使句,附加疑问句用shall we?(2)Let us 开头的祈使句,附加疑问句用will you?Let's go and listen to the music,_?让我们去听音乐,好吗?Let us wait for you in the reading-room, _? 我们在阅览室等你,好吗?(二)附加疑问句注意几种特殊情况:1. 当陈述部分主语是everyone/ everybody, someone/somebody, no one/ nobody, none等表示人的不定代词时, 附加疑问句部分的主语多用they,但也可用he;当陈述部分的主语是everything, anything, something, nothing等表示物的不定代词时, 附加疑问句部分的主语用it。Nobody saw him walk into the room, did they? 没人看见他走进房间,是吗?Everything has gone wrong today,_?今天什么都出了问题了,是不是?2. 当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that, these, those时, 附加疑问句的主语不再用指示代词,而要用it或they。That isnt your dictionary, is it? 这不是你的字典,是吗?These are interesting stories,_?这些故事很有趣,不是吗?3. 当陈述部分是“there be+主语+其他”结构时,附加疑问句用“be (not) there”结构。There is a book on the desk, isnt there?桌子上有本书,是吗?There are not any pens in the box,_?盒子里没笔了,是吗?4. 当陈述句的谓语动词是have时,如果作“有”讲, 附加疑问句用have或助动词do的形式;如果表示其他意思时, 附加疑问句只用助动词do的形式。You have a nice house, havent/ dont you?你有一所很漂亮的房子,是吗?We have to finish the work now,_?我们必须现在完成工作,是吗?They had a good time last night, _they? 他们昨天晚上玩得很开心,是吗?5. 当陈述句的谓语部分含有had better, would rather, would like, ought to时, 附加疑问句的谓语动词要用相应的助动词。Youd better go now, hadnt you?你最好现在就走,是吗?Youd rather go there early,_?你宁可早点去那里,不是吗?6. 当陈述句的谓语动词含有used to时, 附加疑问句的谓语部分用didnt或usednt。He used to get up early, didnt/ usednt he?他过去起床很早,是吗?7.陈述句部分是主从复合句时,附加疑问句部分的代词和助动词要与主句中的主语和动词保持一致。He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he? 他不是给我们演讲的人,是吗?He can hardly stay awake because he is so tired,_? 由于很累,他几乎不能保持醒着。8. 在宾语从句中,如果陈述句部分是“I (dont) think/ believe/ suppose/ imagine/ expect等+宾语从句”, 附加疑问句部分要与宾语从句的主谓保持一致,并且要注意否定转移(前肯后否,前否后肯)。We believe she can do it better, can't she?我们相信她能做得更好,是吗?I dont think you have heard of him before,_?我认为你以前没有听说过他,是吗?二附加疑问句的回答 附加疑问句的答语与一般疑问句类似 ,注意其与汉语表达习惯的差异 。回答附加疑问句通常应根据实际情况来确定,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,事实是否定的,就要用no。1. 附加疑问句的答语与汉语表达的差异:(1)对于“前肯后否”的附加疑问句的回答,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,译成“是的”,事实是否定的,就要用no,译成“不”。(2)对于“前否后肯”的附加疑问句的回答,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,译成“不”,事实是否定的,就要用no,译成“是的”。一Tom is an honest boy, isn't he? 汤姆是个诚实的男孩,是吗?一Yes, he is. We trust him all the time.是的,我们一直相信他。He likes playing football, _he? 他喜欢踢足球,是吗?No, he doesnt. 不,他不喜欢。You didnt find the owner of the books, did you? 你没有找到书的主人,是吗?No, I didnt. So I gave them to our teacher. 是的,我没有找到。因此我把书交给老师了。His sister didnt attend the meeting, did she?他妹妹没有参加会议,是吗?Yes, she did. She spoke at the meeting.不,她参加了。她在会上讲话了。2.祈使句的附加疑问句的肯定回答为“Yes, I will.” ,否定回答为“No, I wont.”。Write to me when you get home, will you?到家后给我写信好吗?Yes, _好的,我会的。Dont make a noise, will you?不要弄出响声,好吗?No,_. 好的,我不会的。三附加疑问部分的读法 陈述部分一般用降调,而附加疑问部分既可用升调也可用降调 ,但含义有所不同 。1. 用升调时,多表示疑问或请求The school team have won the gold medal, haven't they? 校队获得了金牌,是吗?2. 用降调时,多表示求证或希望对方同意 。The school teams have won the gold medal, haven't they? 校队获得了金牌,对吧?完成对话1.Its Fathers Day today, _? _,_. Lets buy a gift for Dad.2.Dont be late for school next time, _?_, _. Ill try to be on time.3. There is a beautiful park near your school, _?_, _. I often go walking there.4. The 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing, _? _, _.5. Michael Jordan started to play basketball in college, _ ?_, _. He first played in a team at senior high school.6. David has been to a boxing match, _?_, _. He always watches boxing on TV. 7.-You cant cook, _ - _, _. Im good at cooking.8. You have a nice car, _?_,_. I bought it last year.9. This is the first time that you have been to America, _?_, _. It is the second time that Ive been there.10. According to my grandma, it is a good idea to eat chicken soup when you have a cold, _?_, _. Scientists agree with her. 【答案】 1.附加疑问句的定义:验证; 请求; 建议2.附加疑问句的组成 陈述; 附加疑问; 一致(一)基本组成方法1. 肯定式陈述部分+否定附加疑问部分(前肯后否)You often play badminton, dont you? 你经常打羽毛球,是吗?You are going to the gym with me, _you? 你要和我一起去健身房,是吗?arentShes been to shanghai before, _she? 她以前去过上海,是吗?hasnt2. 否定式陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分(前否后肯)It isn't a beautiful flower, is it? 那不是美丽的花,是吗?You didn't go skating yesterday, _you? 你昨天没去滑冰,是吗?didThey cant finish it by Friday, _? 他们不能在星期五之前完成,是吗?can they3. 含有否定词的附加疑问句(1)当陈述句中含有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, little, few, none, neither ,no, not, nowhere, nothing no one, nobody等否定意义的词时,后面的附加疑问句则为肯定形式。He hardly goes to school by car, does he?他几乎不开车去上学,是吗?You have never been to Paris, _you ?你从没去过巴黎,是吗?haveThey seldom come late, _they?他们很少迟到,是吗?doLittle has been done to prevent pollution, _it? 几乎没有做什么来防止污染,是吗?has(2)如果陈述句中仅含否定前缀的词unhappy, dislike, impossible等,则后面的附加疑问句仍为否定形式。He is unfit for his job, _?他不适合这项工作,是吗?isnt heIt is impossible, isn't it? 那不可能,是吗?He dislikes his classmates,_?他不喜欢他的同学,是吗?doesnt he4. 祈使句的附加疑问句(1)肯定的祈使句的附加疑问句在句末加“will you? /wont you?/can you?/ cant you?”(2)否定的祈使句的附加疑问句通常在句末加“will you?”Come along with me, will you / wont you?/can you?/ cant you?跟我来,好吗?Don't make any noise,_? 别出声,好吗?will you(1)Let's 开头的祈使句,附加疑问句用shall we?(2)Let us 开头的祈使句,附加疑问句用will you?Let's go and listen to the music,_?让我们去听音乐,好吗?shall weLet us wait for you in the reading-room, _? 我们在阅览室等你,好吗?will you(二)附加疑问句注意几种特殊情况:1. 当陈述部分主语是everyone/ everybody, someone/somebody, no one/ nobody, none等表示人的不定代词时, 附加疑问句部分的主语多用they,但也可用he;当陈述部分的主语是everything, anything, something, nothing等表示物的不定代词时, 附加疑问句部分的主语用it。Nobody saw him walk into the room , did they? 没人看见他走进房间,是吗?Everything has gone wrong today,_?今天什么都出了问题了,是不是?hasnt it2. 当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that, these, those时, 附加疑问句的主语不再用指示代词,而要用it或they。That isnt your dictionary, is it? 这不是你的字典,是吗?These are interesting stories,_?这些故事很有趣,不是吗?arent they3. 当陈述部分是“there be+主语+其他”结构时, 附加疑问句用“be (not) there”结构。There is a book on the desk, isnt there ?桌子上有本书,是吗?There are not any pens in the box,_?盒子里没笔了,是吗?are there4. 当陈述句的谓语动词是have时,如果作“有”讲, 附加疑问句用have或助动词do的形式;如果表示其他意思时, 附加疑问句只用助动词do的形式。You have a nice house, havent/ dont you?你有一所很漂亮的房子,是吗?We have to finish the work now,_?我们必须现在完成工作,是吗?dont weThey had a good time last night, _they? 他们昨天晚上玩得很开心,是吗?didnt5. 当陈述句的谓语部分含有had better, would rather, would like, ought to时, 附加疑问句的谓语动词要用相应的助动词。Youd better go now, hadnt you?你最好现在就走,是吗?Youd rather go there early,_?你宁可早点去那里,不是吗?wouldnt you6. 当陈述句的谓语动词含有used to时, 附加疑问句的谓语部分用didnt或usednt。He used to get up early, didnt/ usednt he?他过去起床很早,是吗?7.陈述句部分是主从复合句时, 附加疑问句部分的代词和助动词要与主句中的主语和动词保持一致。He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he? 他不是给我们演讲的人,是吗?He can hardly stay awake because he is so tired,_? 由于很累,他几乎不能保持醒着。can he8. 在宾语从句中,如果陈述句部分是“I (dont) think/ believe/ suppose/ imagine/ expect等+宾语从句”, 附加疑问句部分要与宾语从句的主谓保持一致,并且要注意否定转移(前肯后否,前否后肯)。We believe she can do it better, can't she?我们相信她能做得更好,是吗?I dont think you have heard of him before,_?我认为你以前没有听说过他,是吗?have you二附加疑问句的回答 附加疑问句的答语与一般疑问句类似 ,注意其与汉语表达习惯的差异 。回答附加疑问句通常应根据实际情况来确定,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,事实是否定的,就要用no。1. 附加疑问句的答语与汉语表达的差异:(1)对于“前肯后否”的附加疑问句的回答,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,译成“是的”,事实是否定的,就要用no,译成“不”。(2)对于“前否后肯”的附加疑问句的回答,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,译成“不”,事实是否定的,就要用no,译成“是的”。一Tom is an honest boy, isn't he? 汤姆是个诚实的男孩,是吗?一Yes, he is. We trust him all the time.是的,我们一直相信他。He likes playing football, _he? 他喜欢踢足球,是吗?No, he doesnt. 不,他不喜欢。doesntYou didnt find the owner of the books, did you? 你没有找到书的主人,是吗?No, I didnt. So I gave them to our teacher. 是的,我没有找到。因此我把书交给老师了。His sister didnt attend the meeting, did she?他妹妹没有参加会议,是吗?Yes, she did. She spoke at the meeting.不,她参加了。她在会上讲话了。2.祈使句的附加疑问句的肯定回答为“Yes, I will.” ,否定回答为“No, I wont.”。 Write to me when you get home, will you?到家后给我写信好吗?Yes, _好的,我会的。I will.Dont make a noise, will you?不要弄出响声,好吗?No,_. 好的,我不会的。I wont三附加疑问部分的读法 陈述部分一般用降调,而附加疑问部分既可用升调也可用降调 ,但含义有所不同 。1. 用升调时,多表示疑问或请求The school team have won the gold medal, haven't they? 校队获得了金牌,是吗?2. 用降调时,多表示求证或希望对方同意 。The school teams have won the gold medal, haven't they? 校队获得了金牌,对吧?一单项选择【答案】:1. isnt it; Yes, it is 2. will you; No, I wont 3. isnt there; Yes, there is 4. weren't they; Yes, they were 5. didn't he; No, he didn't 6. hasn't he; No, he hasn't 7. can you; Yes, I can 8. havent/ dont you; Yes, I have/ do 9. isnt it; No, it isnt 10. isnt it; Yes, it is