2024年高考英语一轮复习（新人教版） 第1部分 教材知识解读 选择性必修第二册 Unit 2　Bridging Cultures.docx

.认阅读单词1tutor n(英国大学中的)助教；导师；家庭教师2cite vt.引用；引述3messenger n送信人；信使4edition n(报纸、杂志)一份；(广播、电视节目)一期、一辑；版次5culture shock文化冲击6zone n(有别于周围的)地区；地带；区域7comfort zone舒适区；舒适范围8setting n环境；背景；(小说等的)情节背景9tremendous adj.巨大的；极大的10mature adj.成熟的11boom vi.& n迅速发展；繁荣12perspective n(思考问题的)角度；观点13envoy n使者；使节；代表14outlook n前景；可能性；观点15belt n腰带；地带16initiative n倡议；新方案.记重点单词1complex adj.复杂的；难懂的；(语法)复合的2recall vt.& vi.记起；回想起3firm n公司；商行；事务所 adj.结实的；牢固的；坚定的4insight n洞察力；眼光5grasp vt.理解；领会；抓紧6expense n费用；花费；开销7deny vt.否认；否定；拒绝8gain vt.获得；赢得；取得；增加 n好处；增加9angle n角；角度；立场10sincerely adv.真诚地；诚实地11budget n预算12outcome n结果；效果.知拓展单词1qualification n(通过考试或学习课程取得的)资格；学历qualify vt.& vi.(使)具备资格；(使)合格qualified adj.有资格的；称职的2ambition n追求的目标；夙愿；野心；抱负ambitious adj.有野心的；有雄心的3adaptation n适应；改编本adapt vt.(使)适应；改编4comfort n安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸 vt.安慰；抚慰comfortable adj.令人舒适的；舒服的uncomfortable adj.不舒服的5participate vi.参加；参与participation n参加；参与participant n参与者6presentation n报告；陈述；出示；拿出present vt.颁发；赠送；呈递 n礼物 adj.现在的；出席的7engage vi.参加；参与(活动) vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)；雇用engaged adj.忙于；从事于；已订婚的engagement n订婚；约定8involve vt.包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加involved adj.参与的；投入的involvement n参与9overwhelming adj.无法抗拒的；巨大的；压倒性的overwhelm vt.(常用于被动语态)使不知所措；压倒10homesickness n思乡病；乡愁homesick adj.想家的；思乡的11motivated adj.积极的；主动的motivation n动力；积极性；动机motivate vt.成为的动机；激发；激励12advisor n(also -ser)顾问advise vt.& vi.建议；劝告advice n建议；忠告13reasonable adj.有道理的；合情理的reasonably adv.有理地；合理地reason n原因；道理 vt.& vi.推理，推断unreasonable adj.不合理的；不公正的14expectation n期望；预期；期待expect vt.预料；期望15applicant n申请人apply vi.申请 vt.应用；适用；涂；敷application n申请；申请书app n应用程序16exposure n接触；体验；暴露；揭露expose vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境)17departure n离开；启程；出发depart vi.& vt.离开；启程；出发18dramatic adj.巨大的；突然的；急剧的；戏剧(般)的dramatically adv.突然地；戏剧地；引人注目地drama n戏剧；戏剧性事件19behave vt.表现 vi.& vt.表现得体；有礼貌behaviour/behavior n行为；举止20surroundings npl.环境；周围的事物surrounding adj.周围的；附近的surround vt.包围；围绕21depressed adj.沮丧的；意志消沉的depress vt.使沮丧；使忧愁depression n沮丧；抑郁22strengthen vi.& vt.加强；增强；巩固strong adj.强壮的strength n体力；优点23optimistic adj.乐观的optimism n乐观主义24competence n能力；胜任；本领competent adj.有能力的；称职的25cooperate vi.合作；协作；配合cooperation n合作；协作26logical adj.合乎逻辑的；合情合理的logically adv.逻辑上地logic n逻辑(学)；道理1independence n独立independent adj.独立的；有主见的2indicate vt.指示；表明3industry n产业4influence n& vt.影响5informal adj.非正式的6innocent adj.清白的；无辜的7insert vt.插入8inspect vt.检查；检验；审视.背核心短语1participate in参加；参与2speak up大声点说；明确表态3feel at home舒服自在；不拘束4engage in(使)从事；参与5get involved in参与；卷入；与有关联6cost an arm and a leg(使)花一大笔钱7side with支持；站在的一边8as far as I know据我所知9as far as I am concerned就我而言；依我看来10in summary总的来说；总之11generally speaking一般来说.悟经典句式1It was the first time that she had left China.(It was the first time that过去完成时)这是她第一次离开中国。2I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didnt know the English names for.(疑问词不定式)我不得不学习如何使用公共交通工具，如何要到我不知道英语名字的东西。3At first，Xie Lei had no idea what she should say，but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.(what引导的同位语从句)刚开始，谢蕾不知道该说什么，但使她惊奇的是，没过几周，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。4Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings.(状语从句的省略)在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。5To sum up，one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages，so when you think about studying abroad，you should consider these many factors.(one cannot deny the fact that.某人不可否认的事实是)总之，我们无法否认的事实是：出国留学有其弊端。因此当你想要海外求学时，应当考虑上述诸多因素。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。I have studied for business qualifications at Peking University for one year.I recall that faced with complex surroundings and dramatic changes，I suffered from tremendous pressure and overwhelming homesickness，which made me 1.depressed in the beginning.But being an ambitious，optimistic and mature student，I managed to 2.motivate myself to step out of my comfort zone.I grasped every chance to speak up and offer logical presentations in class，enabling myself to become petent.I engaged in the Literature Club to strengthen my literary outlook on life.I got involved in the Basketball Association so that I could learn to 4.cooperate with others.I participated in some other meaningful activities and I benefited much from the participation.There is no denying that all of them could make me see things from different angles and have more reasonable insights into daily affairs.As far as Im concerned,5.exposed to the surrounding settings，I gradually felt at home.Just as the old saying goes，“No pains，no gains.” Now I can behave perfectly at university.Furthermore，because I was on a tight budget，I took up a position as a tutor to cover my daily expenses and tuition fees，which cost an arm and a leg.Now my ambition is to become an advisor for exchange students to broaden my global perspective and improve my competence.Among so many 6.applicants，I believe that I am qualified for the job because I have firm determination.Whatever the outcome is，Ill sincerely side with the schools decision.In summary，now I am confident in my expectation of setting up my own firm in the future.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇 comfort n舒适；安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物 vt.安慰；抚慰(comfortable adj.舒适的；舒服的 uncomfortable adj.不舒服的)be a comfort to sb 对某人来说是个安慰in comfortcomfortably舒适地comfort sb with sth 用某物安慰某人(1)My ambition is to live comfortably(comfort) in the suburbs of the city in the future.(2)就我个人而言，在寒冷的夜晚喝杯热牛奶真是一种安慰。As far as I am concerned，drinking a cup of hot milk in cold nights is a real comfort.(3)看到我不舒服，爸爸站起来，走到我跟前，把我揽入怀中用鼓舞人心的话语安慰我。(读后续写之动作链描写)Seeing I was uncomfortable，my father rose to his feet，came up to me and gathered me into his arms to comfort me with inspiring words. participate vi.参加；参与(participant n参加者；参与者 participation n参加；参与)participate in参加；参与participate with sb in sth 与某人一起参与某事(1)For all the participants，the activity is a good opportunity and the participation in the activity will further strengthen your overall competence.(participate)(2)那些想参加比赛的人应该在5月21日前交上相关材料。(应用文写作之通知)Those who want to participate in the competition are supposed to present relevant materials before May 21.(3)为了提高户外活动的参与度，我们学校将于9月10日组织一项活动攀登泰山。我写信真诚地邀请你与我们一起参加这个活动。(应用文写作之邀请信)In order to increase participation in outdoor activities，our school will organize an activityclimbing Mountain Tai on September 10.I am writing to sincerely invite you to participate with us in the activity. engage vi.参加；参与(活动) vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)；雇用；聘请；从事(engaged adj.忙于；从事于；已订婚的；占线的；使用中的 engagement n订婚；婚约；约会)engage sb to do sth 雇用某人做某事engage (sb) in (使某人)从事；参与be engaged to sb 与某人订婚be engaged in忙于；从事于(1)Mary will be engaged to Tom，and their engagement(engage) attracts many peoples attention.(2)No one can deny the fact that no one can engage children to do(do) any work.(3)尽管你忙于你的学习，你也应该抽出一些时间来参加户外运动。Although you are engaged in your study，you should set aside some time to engage (yourself) in outdoor activities.Although engaged in your study，you should set aside some time to engage (yourself) in outdoor activities.(用过去分词短语作状语改写) involve vt.包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加(involved adj.参与的；卷入的 involvement n参与；卷入；牵连)involve (doing) sth 包含；需要(做)某事involve oneself in sth 参加be/get involved in参与；卷入；与有关联；专注于(1)As far as I know，the involvement(involve) of the foreign ministers was itself a sign of progress.(2)毋庸置疑，中国传统文化包括书法、中国结、剪纸等等，因此，你可以告诉我哪些最吸引外国人吗？(2021·全国甲，书面表达)No one can deny the fact that Chinese traditional cultures involve calligraphy，Chinese knots，paper cutting，and so on and thus，could you please tell me which ones attract foreigners most?(3)得知你们欢迎来自不同国家的学生，我想参加这次夏令营。Learning that you welcome students from different countries，Id like to involve myself in/be involved in the summer camp.(应用文写作之申请信) expose vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境)(exposure n接触；体验；暴露；揭露)expose.to.使暴露于；使体验be exposed to暴露于；接触(1)Generally speaking，there is a direct link between exposure(expose) to the sun and skin cancer，so try to avoid exposing your skin to the sun.(2)我从小就接触外教，因此，我能够用英语和其他人自由交流。(应用文写作之申请信)I have been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age，so I can communicate freely with others in English.Having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age，I can communicate freely with others in English.(用having done作状语改写) behave vt.表现 vi.& vt.表现得体；有礼貌 behaviour n(behavior)行为；举止；习性behave oneself/well守规矩/举止得体well-behaved adj.表现好的badly-behaved adj.表现差的(1)What do you think of our advisors behavio(u)r(behave) at the meeting that day?(2)强烈建议你参加晚宴时，举止得体。作为举止得体的客人，你不应该把筷子插在食物里，或者用筷子指着其他人。(话题写作之传统习俗)It is highly suggested that you (should) behave yourself/well when attending feasts.As a well-behaved guest，you shouldnt stick your chopsticks in the food or point them at others. It was the first time that. It was the first time that she had left China.这是她第一次离开中国。“It/This/Thatwasthe first/second/.time (that)过去完成时”表示“某人第一/第二/次”“It/This/Thatisthe first/second/.time (that)现在完成时”表示“某人第一/第二/次”It is/was (about/high) time that.should do sth/did sth 意为“到了做某事的时间了”，should不能省略。相当于It is/was time for sb to do sth。(1)我揽着大卫的肩膀，轻声说道：“这是你第一次放弃小组活动。因此，在你做最终决定前要三思。”(2022·新高考全国，读后续写)I held David by the shoulder，whispering，“This/It is the first time that you have given up the group activity.So think twice before you make a final decision.”(2)这是双胞胎第一次为母亲准备早餐，因此他们既激动又紧张。(2021·新高考全国，读后续写)This was the first time that the twins had prepared a breakfast for their mother，so they were excited and nervous.(3)到了政府应该采取有效措施保护野生动物免遭灭绝的时候了。It is high time for the government to take effective measures to protect wildlife from extinction.(It is high time for.to do)It is high time that the government should take/took effective measures to protect wildlife from extinction.(It is high time that.) 疑问词不定式 I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didnt know the English names for.我不得不学习如何使用公共交通工具，如何要到我不知道英语名字的东西。“疑问词不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等句子成分。在“疑问词不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式。why或why not后加不定式时，省略不定式符号to。whether后可接不定式，而if后不可以。(1)由于他们流露出极强的兴趣，我开始教他们如何泡中国茶。With their interest greatly sparked，I began to teach them how to make Chinese tea.(2)如果你能给我们一些如何改进机器人的建议，我会感激不尽的。(应用文写作之征求建议)I would appreciate it if you could give us some advice on how to improve our robots.(3)大卫闭着眼睛，咬着嘴唇，皱着眉头，考虑着他是否应该参加越野赛。(2022·新高考全国，读后续写)David squeezed his eyes，bit his lips and frowned，thinking about whether to take part in/participate in/engage in the cross-country run or not.(4)为何不参加讨论小组，以便你能找到志同道合的朋友呢？(应用文写作之建议信)Why not join discussion groups so that you can find friends with similar interests? 状语从句的省略 Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings.在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。状语从句的省略有两种形式：当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。当从句中含有“itbe动词”时，可将it和be动词省略。(1)If I am accepted，I will introduce Chinese painting skills to visitors，which can help them know more about Chinese culture.(话题写作之传统文化)If accepted，I will introduce Chinese painting skills to visitors，which can help them know more about Chinese culture.(2)If it is possible，shall we put our trip we have been longing for until next Saturday? If its not convenient，let me know what time suits you best.(2021·北京，书面表达)If possible，shall we put our trip we have been longing for until next Saturday? If not convenient，let me know what time suits you best.(3)工作的时候，我意识到烈日下在田间工作是多么辛苦。(2019·北京，书面表达)When working，I realized how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun.1The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings，but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution.(2022·新高考全国)自从人类出现以来，我们使用的这套语音未必保持稳定，相反，我们今天发现的种类繁多的语音是诸如生物变化和文化演变等事物的复杂的相互作用的产物。2They often cover only their eyes with their hands，leaving the rest of their bodies exposed.(2022·全国乙)他们通常只是用手遮住自己的眼睛，身体的其余部分暴露在外。3America did not invent the steam engine，but once they grasped its possibilities they put it to more uses than anyone else.(2022·浙江1月)美国并没有发明蒸汽机，但一旦他们具有发明蒸汽机的可能性，就会比其他任何人将其用于更多的用途。4To strengthen the connection with young people，the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media，inviting twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.(2022·全国乙)为了加强与年轻人的联系，本次活动在社交媒体上进行了一些公共宣传活动，邀请来自世界各地的29位茶艺专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。5I got into a panic as I pressed firmly against the table and moved my head around trying to find the right angle，but it was no use.(2021·浙江1月)我惊慌失措，紧紧地按在桌子上，转动头部试图找到合适的角度，但是没用。提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇.一词多义练/熟词生义练清除阅读障碍1firmA.adj.坚硬的 B.adj.稳固的 C.adj.坚定的 D.adj.严格的 E.n.公司(1)He opened a law firm in the center of the city last month. E (2)He is firm in his purposes，so he will achieve his goal. C (3)Make sure the ladder feels firm before you climb up. B (4)The city walls are as firm as a rock. A (5)Experts hold the strong belief that parents must be firm with their children. D 2engage(1)Only 10% of the students engaged in the qualification examination. C (2)No one can deny the fact that this moving film engages both the mind and the eye. E (3)His father engaged a tutor to motivate him to improve his maths. A (4)In summary，I was so engaged in my study that I paid no attention to my mothers feelings. B (5)She was engaged to Peter，which was beyond our expectations. D 3involve(1)As far as I am concerned，the work of a teacher involves love and devotion. C (2)If your work involves other people，youd better think more from other peoples angle. B (3)I grasp every chance to involve myself in after-class activities. A 4快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思(1)The northern part of the country is usually regarded as the wheat belt.地带(2)Initially，we didnt fully grasp the importance of what had happened.理解(3)I told him about the many activities in which I was involved.And I launched into a speech about how hard I worked and the gains I was making.好处.核心知识强化练巩固语言知识1The brilliant student is longing to get this job to better qualify(qualification) himself and help others as well.(应用文写作之求职信)2I really want to obtain this precious opportunity and I hold the firm belief that I can live up to your expectations(expect)(应用文写作之求职信)3I am writing to ask for your substantial assistance with my application(apply) and resume.(应用文写作之求助信)4I feel greatly honou