【课件】Unit+1Discover+Useful+Structures+表语从句课件人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册.pptx

高一英语名词性从句之表语从句名词性从句概念 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。His story is interesting.What he said is interesting.I heard his story.I heard what he said.His story is interesting.What he said is interesting.I heard his story.I heard what he said.主语主语从句宾语宾语从句This is his story.This is what he said.The idea of going there is good.The idea that we go there is good.This is his story.This is what he said.The idea of going there is good.The idea that we go there is good.表语表语从句同位语同位语从句1.When we will start is not clear.2.I expect that your team will win.3.My idea is that we do it right now.4.I had no idea why she was angry.1.When we will start is not clear.2.I expect that your team will win.3.My idea is that we do it right now.4.I had no idea why she was angry.Practice time主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句名词性从句之表语从句表语从句位于连系动词后，在句中作表语。其基本结构为：主语+系动词+从句。“系动词”，起着连接和联系的作用，将主语和后面的部分（表语/主语补语）连系在一起。连系动词也可以直接单独作谓语。表语从句例如：The boss is in his office.老板在他的办公室里面。（主系表）Her voice sounds wonderful.她的声音听起来很美妙。（主系表）在这两句话中，“is”和“sound”都是系动词，分别表示“是”和“听起来”的意思。前一句表明了老板现在的位置状态，后一句表明了她的声音的质量状态。引导表语从句的连接词有：that,whether,as if；连接代词有who,whose,what,which,连接副词有 when,where,how,why等。另外as,because，也可引导表语从句。.that引导的表语从句（that无词义，一般不省略）The fact is that we should depend on ourselves.事实就是我们必须依靠自己。The reason for his absence is that he hasnt been informed.他缺席的原因是他没接到通知。.whether引导的表语从句 What l was uncertain about was whether they could do the work well.whether仍保留“是否”的意义，不能换成if 我不能确定的是他们是否能把工作做好。The question is whether we can rely on him.问题是我们能否依赖他。.wh-类连接词引导的表语从句 wh-类连接词包括:连接代词（who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等)连接副词（where,when,how,why,wherever whenever等)。此类词大多数表示疑问，偶尔表示陈述。This is what I am interested in.这就是我所感兴趣的。.as if，as though引导的表语从句 此类表语从句常跟在特定动词后，如seem,appear,look,taste,sound,feel等，可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气（注：虚拟语气暂不涉及）。It sounds as though you are from Korea.听起来你好像来自韩国。It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.听上去好像有人在敲门。.because 引导的表语从句That s because we were in need of money at that time.I think it is because you are too serious.名词主语+be+that 引起的表语从句 在这种句型中，常用表示事实，真理的名词，如：fact,truth 或表示看法，观点的名词，如：idea,opinion,belief,view,feeling,suggestion,plan等作主语。如：1.The fact is that our team has won the game.2.The truth is that she was the very person who informed us.常见的表语从句的句型有This is becauseThe reason for(why)is that looks as if The troubleproblem is that注意1、在表语从句中，表“是否”时，只能用“whether”不能用“If”。2、一般情况下，“that”不能省。3、It is/was because（原因）It is/was why（结果）4、The reason(why/for)is/was that当主语是reason 时，表语从句要用that 引导而不是because。例如：The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning.他迟到的原因是因早上差一分钟没赶上火车。注：表语从句中，当主语是表示“建议、需要、命令”等意义的词，如：suggestion,request,requirement,suggestion,wish时，用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构为：(should)+动词原形。(1)事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。The fact is that we have lost the game.(2)那正是我想要的。Thats just what I want.Practice timeThank you!高一英语曹倩倩名词性从句之同位语从句同位语(the appositive)1.定义：同位语是句子成分的一种。它位于代词、名词后面，说明它们的性质和情况，可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。2.同位语的表现形式：名词：Tom,our classmate,is a handsome boy.汤姆，我们的同学，是个英俊的小伙子。代词：I myself will do the job.我将亲自做这项工作。数词：She is the oldest among them six.她是他们六人中年纪最大的。从句：He told me the news that the plane had exploded.他告诉我飞机爆炸的消息。跟在某些名词后，进一步解释说明这些名词，用作同位语的从句，叫做同位语从句。不是所有的名词都能跟同位语从句，可以跟同位语从句的名词主要是一些表示抽象意义的词。这些名词常见的有：同位语从句belief 信念idea 主意opinion 观点statement 论断fact 事实doubt 怀疑hope 希望news 消息thought 想法truth 事实question 问题message 信息suggestion 建议word 消息problem 问题report 报道advice 建议possibility 可能性同位语从句的引导词1.如同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句。（即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用）例：The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.2.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加是否的含义，应用whether引导同位语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句）例：Well discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.3.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加什么时候、什么地点、“什么方式等含义，应用when,where,how等词引导同位语从句。例：I have no idea when he will be back.I have no impression how he went home,perhaps by bike.同位语从句多用that引导 I ve got a feeling that one day he will be famous 在have no idea 之后常用wh-引导同位语从句.I have no idea when he did it.I have no idea what he did.I have no idea _he can get the treasure._ the concert will be hold._ can finish the work._ pen is mine._ they are talking about._ it ll rain tomorrow._ our football team won the game.how wherewhowhich whomwhetherthat doubt后接是接that还是接whether/who/what须视具体情况而定。一般而言，当doubt前有no、not或little等否定词时后多用that，反之用其它形式。如：There is no doubt that he is guilty.There is some doubt whether he is guilty.注：同位语从句中的虚拟语气。有些名词如：demand,request,order,suggestion,advice等表示“建议、命令、要求”等词后的同位语从句通常用虚拟语气。同位语从句与定语从句的区别名词性从句中引导词的特殊用法高一英语曹倩倩that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别：1.从所修饰的名词来看 同位语从句所修饰的是需要做特殊说明的抽象名词，并解释说明该名词的具体内容和含义；定语从句所修饰限定的名词或代词有抽象的也有具体的。2.从引导词来看引导词that在同位语从句中是连词，只起连接作用，无具体含义，that不可省略；that在定语从句中是关系代词，在从句中充当主语或宾语，有具体词义，作宾语时还可以省略。如：The fact that we talked about is very important.定语从句that 作about的宾语，可省略 The fact that he succeeded in the game pleased everybody。同位语从句that在句中只起连接作用，不作任何成分不能省略when和where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别：when和where前面的名词若是表示时间、地点的名词，则when和where引导的是定语从句，否则则为同位语从句。This is the place where the accident happened.（定语从句）They put forward the question where they could get the money.（同位语从句）判断下列各句是同位语从句还是定语从句1.They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.2.The hope that she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.3.The fact that she works hard is well known to us all.同位语从句定语从句同位语从句类别性质功能that的作用wh-的作用同位语从句定语从句形容词修饰限定既替代先行词，同时在句中做某种成分，做宾语可以省略。关系词没有疑问意义,可替换先行词.名词只起连接作用，不做成分,不能省略。不能替换所修饰的名词,有疑问意义。补充说明Tip:在先行词与与从句之间加一个系动词be,使之构成一个新句子，如果句子通顺且符合逻辑，则为同位语从句。反之，则为定语从句。例如：The belief that the earth is flat is still held in some countries.地球是扁平的这一观念依然在一些国家存在。(The belief is that the earth is flat.)同位语从句的简易判断方法名词性从句中引导词的特殊用法that通常不可省略的情况 （1）主语从句，that从句置于句首时；That our hard work will pay off is certain.（2）当一个句子有并列宾语从句时，引导第二个和后面几个从句的that不可省略；He insisted(that)he was innocent and that he be set free.（3）由it作形式宾语时，在that引导的宾语从句中，that 也不可省略。They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary job.whether和if在名词性从句中的用法区别 在及物动词后的宾语从句中可以互换 I wonder whether/if you would mind us asking you a few questions.介词后的宾语从句中连接词用whether It all depends on whether they will come back.后面直接跟or not时用whether I didnt know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.与动词不定式连用时用whether I havent decided whether to go or not.whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用 The question of whether they are male or female is not important.引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句只能用whether Whether the meeting will be put off hasnt been decided yet.The question is whether they have so much money.We ought to discuss the question whether we can do it or not.if/whether1.I asked her _ she had a bike.2.Were worried about _ he is safe.3.I dont know _ he is well or not.4.I dont know _ or not he is well.5.I have no idea _ it ll rain tomorrow.if/whetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhetherPractice timeThank you!