Unit13知识点 人教版英语九年级全册.docx

英语张老师专用讲义九年级Unit 13知识点梳理及拓展13学科网（北京）股份有限公司一、 词汇回顾1.乱扔,垃圾,废弃物_ 2.底部,最下部_3.公众的,公共的_ 4.民众,百姓_5.优点,有利条件_ 6.花费,花费,价钱_7.木制的,木头的_ 8.塑料的,塑料,塑胶_9.有关系,作用,影响_ 10.方法,措施_11.残酷的,残忍的_ 12.有害的_13.链子,链条_ 14.工业,行业_15.可重复使用的_ 16.承担得起（后果）买得起_17.回收利用,再利用_ 18.大门_19.负责人，主席_ 20.金属 _二、词汇变形1. wood(n.木头)_(adj.木制的) 2. harm ( n.伤害) _ (adj.有害的) _adj.无害的3. danger(n.危险) endanger(v.使遭危险;危及) _ (adj.濒危的) _ (adj, 危险的) 4. law(从法律)-lawyer(n.律师)5. _(n.科学) _ (adj.科学上的,科学的)_ (n.科学家) 6. use(v.使用) _ (v.再次使用) _(adj可再次使用的)7. advantage( n.优点;有利条件) _ (反义词) (n.缺点:不利条件) 8. _(v.运输) _(n.运输业:交通运输)9. inspire(n.鼓舞;激励) _ n.灵感;鼓舞人心的人(或事物)10. create(v.创造) _ (adj.有创造力的) _ (n.创造力:独创性)_ (n.创者)_ (n.创造;作品) 三、短语归纳1._/_充满2._把.扔入.里3._过去常常4._在.中发挥作用5._砍倒6._代替，而不是7._有影响，起作用8._导致，通向9._听说10._对.有害11._不但.而且12._到目前为止13._在.顶端或顶部14._承担得起做15._参加16._付费17._关掉18._采取行动19._扔掉20._恢复，归还，使想起21._清理，打扫干净22._在.中发挥作用23._在.底部24._充分利用25._伤害26._.的数量27._违法28._遵守法律30._交通法规 31._发生32._当心，小心 33._采取措施34._占据，开始从事 35._想出36._赠送,捐赠 37._成立；建立；建起38._试穿 39._试验，尝试,参加选拔四、知识详解1.try to do =try ones best to do 尽力做某事-e.g. _我们将努力在一周内完成这项工作。 _.他尽量控制他的声音。_. 试着做某事 try on  试穿_尝试；试验；试试用try或try短语的适当形式填空。1) I went to the tailors to _ my new suit.2) Lets _ your method. It seems very good.3) I think you should _ improve your English.4) Let me _ (试着讲讲) the story.2.cut down 砍倒；消减，减少使用e.g. You spend more than your income. Can you try to cut down?你入不敷出了，可以减少开支吗？Many big trees along the road have been cut down for building houses路旁的许多大树都被砍掉建房了。_ 切断，停掉；中断的通话，打断；使分离_切碎将所给英语句子翻译成汉语。1) Please cut up the meat before you do some cooking. 2) The oil supply was cut off in this country last month. 3) He cut down on coffee and cigarettes. 3.辨析instead & instead ofinsteadadv. “代替；反而”，作状语。instead of“代替；而不是”，后接名词、代词、 v.-ing形式、介词短语等。-If you cant go, I will go instead.-My father will do the washing instead of my mother.选用instead或instead of填空。1) Well have tea in the garden _ in the house.2) Give me the green one _ the red one.3) Her aunt stayed at home _ swimming last Sunday.4) I didnt have a pen, so I used a pencil _.4. cost v. (cost, cost) 花费；使付出 常用结构： _e.g. _-王先生花了200元买了件新衬衫。_ 新电脑花了多少钱？辨析take, spend, cost & paytake花费时间, 常用于_-其中it作形式主语spend 花费时间和金钱，主语_，搭配：_ 和 _pay花费金钱，主语通常是人，常用搭配：_cost表示花费金钱或值（多少）钱，主语_，搭配：sth. cost(s) (sb.) some money. 【语境应用】根据句意用take, spend, pay或cost的适当形式填空。1) That new car _ them a lot of money.2) Mona _ 50 yuan on the books just now.3) It usually _  me an hour to do my homework.4) You should _ some time practising your pronunciation.5) My brother _ 2,000 yuan for the new bike yesterday.4. make a difference (to) (对)产生重大影响或作用 _ 对没有影响_ 对有一些影响_ 对有很大影响e.g.1) 你是去是留对我都无所谓。It doesnt _ _ _ to me whether you go or stay.2) 学习驾驶时，若有一位好教练指导，效果则大不相同。When youre learning to drive, having a good teacher makes _ _ _.5. lead to 导致 (to为介词)_摄入过量的糖会带来健康问题。There is no doubt that _.压力可以导致身体疾病，这是毫无疑问的。_.  带领某人去 e.g. His pet dog Lucky led us to his house just now.1) 工作太多、休息太少常常导致疾病。 Too much work and too little rest often _ _ illness.2) 昨天那个男孩带领他们去了那家超市。 The boy _ _ _ the supermarket yesterday.6. not only but also 不仅而且连接两个并列成分，强调后者，其中的also 可以省略。(1) not only置于句首时，则紧随其后的句子用_，但but also后的句子则不用倒装。e.g. Not only does my sister sing well, but she dances well.(2). not only . but also . 连接并列主语时，谓语动词须与后面那个主语在人称和数上保持一致，即_。 e.g. Not only the students but also the teacher_ working hard.1) She and I have already been to Beijing. _ _ she _ _ I have already been to Beijing.2) He likes to swim and he wants to teach the kids to swim, too. Not only _ _ _ to swim, _ he wants to teach the kids to swim.3) The twins were late this morning. Sam was late, too.  Not only the twins _ _ Sam _ late this morning. _ _ Sam but also the twins _ late this morning.7.be harmful to 对有害e.g. Too much salt can be harmful to a young baby.harm n. & v. 损害，伤害1) 吸烟有害健康。_-2) 玩手机太多对眼睛有害。_ 8. no longer = not any longer no more = not any more/anymore 不再e.g. Mr. Brown no longer works here. = Mr. Brown_. _= You can drink no more.用no longer和not . any longer两种形式将下列汉语句子翻译成英语。1) 我不再喜欢集邮了。_2) 他不再是个小孩子了。_9. a number of许多，常接可数名词的_。-A number of students in his class are here. the number of的数量，接可数名词的复数形式，但谓语动词_-。-The number of the students in his class is fifty.1) 许多孩子正在花园里玩。_ are playing in the garden.2) 花园里的孩子数量是六。_ the children in the garden _ six.10.used to do sth. 过去常常做某事(而现在不做了)_ 习惯于(做)某事e.g. _-.我现在习惯步行去学校。The city is hot and wet and I have been used to it.这座城市又热又潮湿，而我已经习惯了这里。11.被动语态：不同时态的被动语态结构(以动词do为例):一般现在时: _一般过去时: _一般将来时: _含情态动词: _12.现在完成时：定义：表示动作已经完成, 但对现在造成影响; 或者表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能持续下去的动作。 结构: _标志词: already, yet, ever, never, just, before, once, twice, recently, so far, for+时间, since+时间点/从句。1. 辨析：have been to, have gone to & have been inhave been to _。have gone to _have been in _ e.g. Jim has gone to London with his family. The Greens have been in China for two years. Have you been to Beijing before?13. afford v. 承担得起; 买得起; 提供, 给予 常与can, be able to等连用, 多用于否定句或疑问句。 _买得起 / 承受得起某物 _ 有能力做某事 / 负担得起做某事afford侧重“有经济能力买”buy侧重“购买(这一行为)” 1) They cant _ to send their children to college. 2) Can you _ a new car? 3) Helen _ some fruit on her way home yesterday.14. put sth. to good use 好好利用_利用/使用（好）某物e.g. _我们必须充分利用好时间。15. 1) He _ his good looks.他长得英俊是出了名的。2) It will _ everybody in the course of time. 过一段时间人人都会知道的。 3) Sichuan _ a land of plenty.四川号称天府之国。 16. bring back 恢复；使想起；归还；带回来e.g. The government has decided to bring back the old electric trams. These books must be brought back within a week.back短语；_ (给某人)回电话_ 回嘴；顶嘴_ 回首(往事)；回忆；回顾作 业 练 习一、单词填空（根据汉语意思填入相应单词的适当形式）。1.My father likes wearing his _ (木制的) shoes.2.The table is made of _ (金属)3.We should collect the _ (可重复使用的) materials in our life.4.Look, the little boy is holding the book _ _(上下颠倒). He is too young to read books.5.A _ (鲨鱼)is a dangerous animal.6.We should use some _(科学的) ways to solve the problem.7.How much should I _ (付款) for the meal, please?8.Please _ _ (关掉) the lights before leaving, or its a waste of money.9.Do you know who the _(总统) of America is?10.There is a spider under the _ (底部) of the bottle.11.The _(瓶子) on the table is full of milk.12.In order to protect the environment, it's important for us to r_ used books and paper.13.Be careful with these _ (鲨鱼) because theyre very sharp.14.If you cant a_ (买得起)a new car, why dont you buy a second-hand one?15.The dictionary _(花费) me ten dollars yesterday.16.The toy which is made of _(塑料) is light.17.The more she makes up, the _ (丑的) she becomes.18.There are many _(渔民) in the village.19.How much shall I _(付费) the phone call? You don't have to. This is free.20.The sea animals are all important to the ocean's _ (生态系统).21.Tigers are at the top of the food _ (链条) in the grassland ecosystem.22.What do you think of the _ (交通运输) in your city?23.Well _ social activities during the summer vacation. (参加)24.I have taken part in an _ (环境的) project since last year.25.My English teacher is waiting for my parents at the school _ (大门)26.Shanxi Province produces the most _(煤炭) in China.27.“Strike while the _(铁) is hot” is a popular saying.28.Alex _(参加) many after-class activities when he was at junior high school.29.What are the _ (优点) of the machine?30.It is rude to talk loudly on the phone in _（公共的）places.31.If you have to cough，use your _(餐巾纸) to cover your mouth.32.Nelly loves fast food a lot though many others think it _ (对有害) health.33.We should neither draw pictures on the walls nor throw any _(垃圾) onto the ground.34.You will be punished if you break the _ (法律).35.I really enjoy this piece of art _(作品)36.Her success is an _(鼓舞人心的事) to us all.37.If we dont _ to protect the earth, the result will be even worse. (采取行动)38.Nowadays, most women choose to use sunscreen to protect from the suns _ （有害的）ultra-violet rays.39.I think it's _(残酷的) of them to shoot the animals.40.The trade with foreign countries caused China's _(工业) to develop quickly.二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。41.This is an _(danger)animal. We should try to save it.42.Have you ever _ (throw) away things you don't like to use?43.How much did you p_for the computer?44.She felt sorry for _ (be) late again.45.The girl is u_， but her sister is beautiful.46.You should know the _ (important) of studying a foreign language.47.In order to protect the environment, it's important for us to r_ used books and paper.48.He _ (write) 10 books so far.49.Helen Keller is one of the most _(usual) women.She has helped many blind and deaf people.50.You can take the following _(act) to stop it happening.51.I can't afford _（buy）a new car.52.This story _(bring) back our happy childhood together.53.The boy must be _(play) ping-pong with his brother at school now.54.Remember to turn o_the light when you leave the room.55.My grandparents used to _(live) in the country, but now they are used to _ in the city.56.The organization has set strict rules on the release of _ chemicals. (harm)57.The house is really expensive.I can't a_ it.58.Has he told you the t_ about what happened on that day?59.What was the air pollution _ (cause) by?60.The government is developing local _ to provide more jobs for local people. （产业）61.What are the students doing at this moment? They _ (watch) a basketball match on the playground.62.Look! There is a cat _ (climb) the tree.63.The writers drew their _（inspire）from the countryside.64.Can you tell me the machine's _ (advantage)?65.I am not really familiar with these_ ( law ) .66._ (pollute) water is a great danger to peoples health.67.These _（fisherman）make a living by catching and selling fish.68.I have also _ (set) up a website to sell clothes online.69.What's the price of the _(wood) desk? Fifty dollars.70.Can you see what _ (happen) over there? No. Lets go and see.71.If she isnt free tomorrow, she _ (not take) part in the party.72.The man with a camera might be _ (make) a movie.73.More and more people in China are _(use) Tik Tok(抖音).74.Its noon now. Lucy together with two boys _(row) a boat on the lake.75.Even cold iron can be brought back to life with a little _ (creative)76.Obama is the p_ of the US.77.The environment_ (pollute) is more and more serious.78.You had better take your own bags when _ (shop)79