高中英语2024届高考读后续写事故灾难描写素材（词汇短语+典型句式+谚语）.doc

高考英语读后续写素材一、词汇短语1.a charity performance 义演2.a homeless shelter 收容所3.a miserable cold 重感冒4.a plane wreck 飞机失事5.a refugee camp 难民营6.accident n.事故，意外;7.accidental a.意外的，偶然的8.accidental collision 意外碰撞9. accidental damage 意外损伤10.accidentally ad.意外地11.Acid Rain酸雨12.aftershock 余震13.Alarm警报14.Asteroid小行星撞击地球15. at a scale of 7.8 on the Richter calculations 里氏7.8级地震16.Avalanche雪崩17.burst into flame 猛烈的燃烧18.bury掩埋19.buoy救生圈20.calamity大灾祸，不幸之事21.casualty伤亡事故。22.cataclysm剧变，灾难（常指洪水或地震）23.catastrophe突如其来的大灾难24.charitable a.仁爱的,慈爱的25.charity n.救济金，施舍;慈善(团体)26.claim for 要求27.claim vt.声称，索取，提出要求;(灾难)使死亡 n.索赔28.collapse vi.倒塌;崩溃，突然失败;29.collision n.碰撞;冲突e to one's rescue 拯救31.corrosion腐蚀32.crash 空难33.damage 损害；损伤34.death toll 死亡人数35.Debris flow泥石流36. Desertification土地沙漠化37.destroy 毁坏，破坏；摧残38.destruction n.破坏，毁灭39.destructive a.破坏性的，毁灭性40.derailment脱轨41.devastate 蹂躏，破坏；使荒废；毁灭42.disaster灾难，灾害43.disastrous a.灾难性的44.doctors医生45.do sb/oneself an46.donate vt.捐赠，赠送47.donation n.donator n.捐赠人48.drought n.干旱，旱灾49.earthquake monitoring 地震监控50.earthquake resistance抗震加固措施51.earthquake disaster灾害52.earthquake disaster prediction灾害预测53.earthquake resistant design抗震设计54.emergency response plan scenario for destructive earthquake应急预案55.earthquake emergency response administration应急指挥机构56.strengthening measure for57.urgent measure for应急措施58.earthquake stricken area灾区59.earthquake situation consultation震情会商60.earthquake 地震61.earthquake shelter避难场所62.earthquake emergency紧急63.earthquake disaster affection灾情64.educational foundations 教育基金会65.El Nino厄尔尼诺66.emerge from 浮现67.emerge vi.浮现;(问题)发生，暴露68.emergence n.形成，出现;69.emergency n.紧急情况70.epicenter 震中71.evacuation 撤离72.famine n.饥荒73.fatal a.致命的，灾难性的;重大的74.fall坠落75.fear恐惧76.flame n.火焰77.flaming a.燃烧的78.flatten 夷为平地79.flood:洪水80.forecast预报81.foundation n.基础;基金会;建立82.fog 浓雾83.food poisoning 食物中毒84.get infected 受感染85.ground subsidence地面塌陷86.hail冰雹87.hazard n.危害 vt.冒风险， 试着做88.hazard one's life 冒生命危险89.hazardous a.危险的，冒险的90.haze灰霾91.hit 袭击、打击，使遭受92.hypocentral distance震源距93. ultra microearthquake极微震94.hurricane: 飓风95.imminent earthquake prediction临震预测96.imminent earthquake prediction临震预测97.infect vt.传染;影响98.infection n.感染99.injure vt.伤害，损伤100.injury n.伤害101.injury 使受伤害102.international contributions 国际援助103.jolt 使颠簸，摇晃104.key area for earthquake surveillance and protection重点监视防御区105) Land salinization土地盐碱化106.Landslides山体滑坡107.lay claim to 声称对由权利;108.level 推倒，夷平109.large earthquake大地震110.near earthquake近震111.magnitude 震级112.miserable a.痛苦的，悲惨的，可怜的113.misery n.痛苦114.natural disaster 自然灾害115.nurses护士116.Oil spill is a disaster.漏油是大灾难.117.out of charity 处于仁慈之心118.parachute降落伞119.post-earthquake relief震后救援120.protecting against and EmitipUng earthquake disasters防震减灾121.pest病虫害122.reconstruction重建123) Red Tide赤潮124.refugee n.难民125.relief 救灾126.rescue team 救援小组127.rescue vt.n.营救，救援128.post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction震后恢复与重建129.Richter Scale里氏震级130.rip through 裂开，破开；突进，横撞直闯131.rock and mud slides 泥石流132.rock 摇，摇动，使振动133.rodents鼠灾134.roll across 波动，起伏，横摇135.sacrifice 牺牲136.sandstorm沙尘暴137.seismograph 地震仪138.seismographer 地震学家139.seismological 地震学上的140.seismology 地震学141.seismic source震源142.magnitude震级143.seismic intensity 引起的地面震动及其影响的强弱程度144.epicentre震中145.shake 震动；摇晃146.shatter 破坏；捣毁；破灭147.shelter n.遮蔽处;保护 vt.庇护;躲避148.sheltered a.遮蔽的，受庇护的149.Shipwreck海难150. sleet冻雨151.smaller tremors 小地震152.strong motion observation强震观测153.social welfare 社会福利154.spread out 散开伸张，延伸155.spread vt.展开;散布，蔓延;涂;n.传播，蔓延156.storm: 风暴157.strap n.带，皮带 vt.用带扣住;用绷带包扎158.strike 突然发生；打击159.survival n.存活 survivor n.幸存者160.survive vi.幸存;逃出161.Survivors were rescued by helicopter.生还者被直升机营救.162.temblor 美语 地震163.The disease is transmitted among people.疾病在人群中蔓延.164.The famine triggered wars.饥荒引起了很多战争.165.The miners survived in the mine accident 矿工于矿难中生还166.The plague 瘟疫167.the rapid spread of cholera 霍乱的迅速蔓延168.The roof collapsed suddenly.屋顶突然塌了。169.thunder雷电170.tidal waves 潮汐波，浪潮171.to combat the drought 抗旱172.to donate money/blood 捐款/鲜血173.to strap the wound 包扎伤口174.tornado: 龙卷风175.tragedy 灾难176.transmission n.传播177.transmit vt.传播，发射;传送，传染178.tremor颤动；震动179.Tropical storm热带风暴180.tsunami warning system 海啸预警系统181.tsunami 海啸182.typhoon 台风183.upheaval动乱，大变动184.victims 受灾者185.volcano火山爆发186.voluntary 自愿，主动地187.voluntary contribution 自愿捐款188.volunteer 志愿者189.volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事190.vulnerable易受伤的，脆弱的;难防御的191.welfare n.福利;福利救济192.wreck vt.毁坏;使失事;n.失事，残害;精神身体垮掉的人193.wreckage n.残骸194.wreckage 残骸 二、典型句式1.More than.were killed in.and .injured有超过.人在.中丧生，另有.人受伤。例如:More than 100 people were killed and 5000 others (were)injured in a powerful earthquake in Iran on Tuesday.在星期二发生在伊朗的大地震中，有100多人死亡，另有5000人受伤。2、At least .people have died in.在.（灾难）中，至少有.人死亡。例如:At least 27 people have died in a blast at a firecracker factory in China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region yesterday.在昨天发生在广西壮族自治区的烟花炮竹厂爆炸案中，至少有27人死亡。3、A.killed at least.people and injure/wounded.others.(灾难)至少造成.人死亡，.人受伤。例如：An explosion killed at least 12 people and injured 24 others in a teahouse in Chongqing Municipality on Thursday.星期四发生在重庆市一家茶馆的大爆炸，造成至少12人死亡，24人受伤。4、A.hit/struck/attacked.,killing.people and injuring/wounding.others.(灾难)袭击.,造成.人死亡，.人受伤。例如:An explosion attacked the Hilton Hotel in Egypt's Red Sea resort on Thurday,killing at least 35 people and injuring 135 others.星期四一次爆炸袭击了埃及红海度假胜地的希尔顿酒店，造成至少35人死亡，135人受伤。5、A .caused .people dead and.(people)missing,according to.根据.，.（灾难）导致.人死亡，.失踪。例如：A ferry accident overnight near Dhaka,capital of Bangladesh,caused 37 people dead and 25 missing,according to local police Sunday.据当地警方星期日称，孟加拉国一艘渡船昨夜在首都达卡附近发生意外事故，造成37人死亡，25人失踪。6、A.broke out/happened/occurred in.,leaving.dead and.others dead.一场.(灾难)在.爆发/发生，导致.人死亡，.人受伤。例如:A fire broke out in a building called Jingming Mansion in Beijing on Wednesday,leaving 9 people dead and 39 others injured.星期三北京京民大厦发生一起火灾，导致9人死亡，另有39人受伤。7、A.has left.people dead and another.missing in.一场.导致.人死亡.人失踪。例如：A coal mine gas explosion Wednesday night has left 56 people dead and another 100 missing in Xinmi of Henan Province.星期三晚上，河南省新密发生一起煤矿瓦斯爆炸事故，导致56人死亡，另有100人失踪。8、The death toll from/in/of.has risen to/increased to.（灾难）的死亡人数已经上升/增加到.。例如：The death toll from the Asian tsunami has risen to 226000.亚洲海啸的死亡人数已经上升到226000。9、A total of.people were confirmed dead in.共计有.人被证实在.中丧生。例如：A total of 33 people were confirmed dead in a gas explosion at a coal mine in Henan Province on Friday.共计有33人被证实在周五河南发生的某狂瓦斯爆炸中死亡。10、A.hit/struck/attacked.,but there is no death r例如orted so far.一起.袭击了.，但至今没有人员伤亡的报道。例如：A strong earthquake measuring on the Richter scale hit eastern Japan,but there is no death reorted so far.一起里氏级的强地震袭击了日本东部，但至今没有人员伤亡的报道三、谚语1、鱼儿出水跳，风雨就来到。Fish jump out of the water and rain comes.2、上下颠，在眼前，晃来晃去在天边。Up and down, in front of us, swaying in the horizon.3、泥鳅静，天气晴。Loach quiet, sunny weather.4、洼地重，平地轻，沙地重，土地轻。Low-lying land is heavy, flat land is light, sandy land is heavy and land is light.5、风起长浪，不久狂风降。The wind blows long waves and soon the wind blows down.6、阴历十五搭初一，家里做活多注意。The fifteenth day of the lunar calendar falls on the first day of the lunar calendar.7、响声一报告，地震就来到。As soon as the noise is reported, the earthquake will come.8、砖包土坯墙，抗震最不强。Brick-wrapped adobe walls are the least seismic.9、跑马云，台风临。Running horse cloud, typhoon is coming.10、酥在颠劲上，倒在晃劲上。Crisp on the upside down, pour on the upside down.11、蜜蜂归窠迟，来日好天气。Honeybees come home late.It's going to be fine tomorrow.12、井水是个宝，前兆来得早。Well water is a treasure, the omen comes early.13、喷沙冒水沿条道，地下正是故河道。Sand blasting and water flowing along the road, underground is the old river.14、先听响，后地动，听到响声快行动。First listen, then move, hear the noise and move quickly.15、泥鳅跳，雨来到。The loach jumps and the rain comes.16、青蛙叫，大雨到。Frog cries, heavy rain comes.17、响得长，在远程，响得短，离不远。Sound long, in the long distance, sound short, not far away.18、离得近，上下蹦，离得远，左右摆。Get close, jump up and down, get far, swing left and right. 6