Unit 7 Shopping 课时 3 Grammar-七上英语同步讲义（牛津译林版）【教师版】.doc

Unit 7 Shopping Grammar 知识精讲知识点01 some any 教材P85【用法详解】some 和any 的主要区别为：1. some和any都表示 “一些”，但是一般情况下，“some”用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句。There are some apples in the basket.篮子里有一些苹果.否定句：There are not any apples in the basket.篮子里没有苹果.疑问句：Are there any apples in the basket?篮子里有苹果吗?2. some用于疑问句中1) 表示问话人盼望得到肯定的答复。Can I have some apples?Certainly!2) 表示建议。What about some fruit juice? 喝点儿果汁怎么样.3.any用于肯定句中1)表示三个或三个以上的人或事物中的一个。You may take any one of these books.你可以随便拿一本书。He studies harder than any of his classmates. 他比班上任何一个学生都努力.=He studies harder than any other student in his class. 2)作"任何，无论谁"解。Any of them will do.他们中间的谁都行.Any of them can tell you.他们无论谁都能告诉你.【典例讲解】1.Can I have _ sweets?Sorry, I dont have _. Ill buy _ from the supermarket.A.some; any; someB.any; any; someC.any; some; someD.some; any; any【答案】A【解析】句意：我可以吃些糖果吗？对不起，我没有。我去超市买一些。考查形容词辨析。 some和any一些，可以修饰可数和不可数名词。some常用于肯定句和表示请求建议的疑问句中；any常用于疑问句和否定句。第一空希望得到肯定回答用some；第二空否定句用any；第三空肯定句用some。故选A。2.Im a little hungry, Mum! Can I have _ pies?There arent _ pies. There is only _ bread on the table. You may take it.A.any; any; someB.some; any; anyC.some; some; someD.some; any; some【答案】D【解析】句意：我有点饿，妈妈！我可以吃点馅饼吗？没有馅饼了。在桌子上只有一些面包。你可以吃它。考查不定代词辨析。some一些，用于肯定句或表请求的疑问句；any任何，用于疑问句或否定句。第一个句子表请求，希望得到对方肯定回答，故第一空填some；第二个空所在句子是否定句，故第二空填any。第三个空所在句子是肯定句，故第三个空填some，故选D。3.Are there _ apples on the tree?No, there are _ birds in it.A.some; anyB.any; someC.any; anyD.some; some【答案】B【解析】句意：树上有苹果吗？不，里面有一些鸟。考查不定代词。some一般用在肯定句中和表示用于表示建议、请求或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句；any用在疑问句和否定句中；空格在一般疑问句，用any；空格2在肯定句中，用some；故选B。知识点02 there be 教材P86【用法详解】1.在There be 句型中出现两个及以上的主语时，Be动词的选择就应该以较接近的主语为主，即就近原则，顾名思义，就是以近处的主语为主。There be句型的就近原则是There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由后面挨近的一项的单复数决定。There is a pen,two books and many pencils on the desk.在本句中尽管有钢笔、书和铅笔，但是由于离be动词最近的一项是单数a pen，因此，be动词用单数is。There is a book and three cats.= There are three cats and a book.2. there be 表示某处有某物，表示一种客观存在，have 表示一种主观拥有。There is a book in Toms schoolbag.= Tom has a book in his schoolbag. 3. there be 结构的将来时态：there is going to be .= there will be .There is going to be a meeting tomorrow.= There will be a meeting tomorrow.【典例讲解】1.There _ many foreign students in her class.Yes. I know two of them are _.A.are; JapaneseB.is; AustralianC.are; GermanyD.is; America【答案】A【解析】句意：在她的班上有很多外国学生。对。我知道他们中有两个是日本人。考查主谓一致及名词辨析。Japanese日本人；Australian澳大利亚人；Germany德国；America美国。第一句是there be句型，主语many foreign students是复数，故用be动词are，故排除B、D选项。根据“I know two of them are”可知，此处指某个国家的人，故排除C选项。故选A。2.There _ great changes in Tianshui in next ten years.A.areB.wereC.will beD.are going to have【答案】C【解析】句意：在未来的十年里，在天水市将会有巨大的变化。考查动词时态。根据“in next ten years”可知，此句用there be句型的一般将来时结构：there will be或there is/are gong to be，there be句型不能与have同时存在，故选C。3.There _ still some orange juice in the fridge. Its not necessary for us to go to the supermarket now.A.isB.areC.wasD.were【答案】A【解析】句意：冰箱里还有一些橙子汁。我们现在没有必要去超市。考查主谓一致。表示某处有某物常用There be 句型。本句主语some orange juice属不可数名词，be动词应用单数形式，根据“Its not necessary for us to go to the supermarket now.”可知，句中时态为一般现在时，所以be动词使用is。故选A。能力拓展1.There isnt _ juice in the fridge. Would you like _ coffee?A.some; someB.any; someC.some; anyD.any; any【答案】B【解析】句意：冰箱里没有果汁了。你想喝点咖啡吗?考查形容词辨析。some表示“一些”，用于肯定句，当表示请求或建议时，可用于疑问句中；any表示“一些”，用于疑问句和否定句中，当表示“任何”时，可用于肯定句中。第一空格所在句子是否定句，所以用any；第二个空格所在句子是表请求的疑问句，希望得到对方肯定的回答，所以第二个空格填some；故选B。2.Are there _ flowers in your classroom?Yes, there are. There are also _ computers in it.A.any; noB.some; noC.some; anyD.any; some【答案】D【解析】句意：你的教室里有花吗？ 是的，有。里面也有一些电脑。考查不定代词。some和any作限定词时，意为“一些”；no没有。通常情况下，some用于肯定句中，any用于疑问句和否定句中。第一个空是疑问句，询问是否有一些，用any；根据“also”可知，第二个空表示“有”，肯定句用some。故选D。3.I dont have _ fish. Can I have _, please?A.some; anyB.any; someC.some; someD.any; any【答案】B【解析】句意：我没有鱼。可以给我一些吗?考查不定代词辨析。some一些，用于肯定句或表请求的疑问句；any任何，用于疑问句或否定句。第一个句子是否定句，所以第一空填any。第二个句子是表请求的疑问句，希望得到对方肯定的回答，故第二空填some，故选B。4.There _ a library and three science labs in this school.A.isB.areC.haveD.has【答案】A【解析】句意：这所学校有一个图书馆和三个科学实验室。考查主谓一致。此处表示某地有某物，用There be句型，排除C和D。There be句型遵循就近原则，be动词与较近的主语一致，a library为可数名词单数，因此be动词用is。故选A。5.There _ an apple and a banana on the desk.Yes, there _ also some tomatoes on it.A.are; areB.are; isC.is; isD.is; are【答案】D【解析】句意：桌子上有一个苹果和一根香蕉。是的，上面还有一些西红柿。考查主谓一致。there be句型中be动词的形式要用“就近原则”，即取决于离be动词最近的主语，第一句中应与“an apple”一致，an apple是单数名词，be动词用is；第二句与“tomatoes”一致，tomatoes是复数名词，be动词用are，故选D。6.Excuse me, is there a library next to the square?_. But you can find one behind the cinema.A.Yes, there isB.Yes, it isC.No, there isntD.No, it isnt【答案】C【解析】句意：打扰一下，广场旁边有图书馆吗？不，没有。但是你可以在电影院后面找到一个。考查一般疑问句和there be句型。根据“is there a library next to the square”可知，此处是there be句型，肯定回答是“Yes, there is.”，否定回答是“No, there isnt.”。根据“But you can find one behind the cinema.”可知，此处应做否定回答，故选C。分层提分题组A 基础过关练一单项选择。1.My mother with some of her friends often _ on Saturday mornings.Shopping is a good way for women to kill time, I think.A.shopB.shopsC.shoppingD.is shopping【答案】B【解析】句意：我妈妈和她的一些朋友经常在星期六上午购物。我认为购物是女人打发时间的好方法。考查时态。根据“oftenon Saturday mornings”可知，时态是一般现在时，with连接主语时，需满足“就远原则”，谓语动词取决于My mother，所以用动词三单，故选B。2.What about _ this afternoon?Sounds great. Lets go _ and buy some water first.A.playing tennis; to shopB.play tennis; to shopC.playing tennis; shoppingD.play tennis; shopping【答案】C【解析】句意：今天下午打网球怎么样？听起来棒极了。我们去购物，先买些水吧。考查非谓语动词。固定搭配：what about doing sth“做某事怎么样”，动名词作宾语；go shopping“购物”，故选C。3.Mr Zhang is an old man who enjoys _ stamps from all over the world.A.collectB.collectingC.to collectingD.to collect【答案】B【解析】句意：张先生是一位老人，他喜欢收集世界各地的邮票。考查固定搭配。分析句子可知，此处构成“enjoy doing sth”结构，翻译为“喜欢做某事”，故选B。4.The purple coat _ this white trousers. But it doesnt _ me.A.matches; matchB.matches; fitC.fits; matchD.fits; fit【答案】B【解析】句意：这件紫色上衣和这条白色裤子很相配。但是它不适合我。考查动词和动词形式辨析。match相配；fit适合。根据题干“The purple coatthis white trousers. But it doesntme”，可知前句是说颜色般配，用match，结合coat是单数第三人称，设空处需用动词三单形式；后句是否定句，表达衣服不适合某人，fit符合语境，结合does是助动词，设空处用原形动词。结合选项，故选B。5.The boy was not _, so he made a few mistakes in his homework.A.careful enoughB.enough carefulC.careless enoughD.enough careless【答案】A【解析】句意：这个男孩不够仔细，所以在作业中犯了几个错误。考查形容词辨析。careful“仔细的”；careless “粗心的”；enough修饰形容词后置，所以排除B和D；根据“so he made a few mistakes in his homework”作业出错，可知此处指“不够细心”；故选A。6.There _ five pieces of bread on the table, and there _ some rice in the bowl.A.are; isB.is; areC.is; isD.are; are【答案】A【解析】句意：在桌子上有五片面包，在碗里有一些大米。考查主谓一致。are的主语是复数；is的主语是单数。there be句型中，be动词根据后面名词的数来确定。第一个空后面是five pieces，所以第一个空用are。第二个空后面是some rice，rice是不可数名词，所以第二个空用is。故选A。7.There _ some milk and some fruit on the table.A.isB.areC.beD.arent【答案】A【解析】句意：桌子上有一些牛奶和水果。考查there be句型。there be句型遵循“就近原则”，milk是不可数名词，此空应填单数be动词，故选A。8.There _ a number of books in the library and the number of them _ increasing.A.has, isB.have,areC.are,isD.is,are【答案】C【解析】句意：图书馆里有大量的书籍，它们的数量正在增加。考查there be句型和主谓一致的用法。there be“某处有某物”，不和have同用，故排除AB；there be使用就近原则，因为a number of“大量，许多”后跟可数名词复数形式作主语时，be动词要用复数形式，故排除D；the number of“的数量”作主语时，be动词要用单数形式。故选C。题组B 能力提升练一完形填空。On Sunday morning, I usually get up very late. I wash my face and then go out to 1 morning exercises. It is about 8:20 a.m. After I eat my breakfast, I often go to a shopping centre with my mother. The shopping centre is 2 our home, so we walk there. It 3 us about 20 minutes to get there on foot. The shopping centre has a good 4 .It is called“万达”in Chinese. It doesn't have a(n) 5 name. Can you help to put it into English? It is new and big. 6 many things there, such as（诸如）TVs, fridges, bikes, computers, clothes, books, food and drinks. There are many 7 there. There are men and women, old and young. Parents must 8 their children. The shopping centre is so big. Young children may get lost'(迷失) in it. 9 do many people come here to buy things? Some of the things there are usually expensive, but they are very 10 . The workers there are always nice and friendly c友好的). If you come to my home, I can take you there.1.A.makeB.doC.runD.play2.A.nearB.intoC.atD.from3.A.makesB.takesC.playsD.costs4.A.flowerB.placeC.nameD.room5.A.oldB.bigC.EnglishD.French6.A.There isB.There areC.They areD.They're7.A.studentsB.peopleC.childrenD.teachers8.A.look afterB.look forC.Look atD.look like9.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhyD.When10.A.smallB.goodC.bigD.bad【答案】1-5 BABCC 6-10 BBACB【文章大意】这篇短文作者给我们介绍了他们家附近的一个购物中心，她经常和妈妈去那里购物。那个购物中心很大，里面的东西非常丰富，很多人都去那里购物。【解析】1.句意：我洗完脸，然后去外面做早操。make 制作；do 做；run跑步；play玩。这里do morning exercises是固定短语，做早操。故应选B。2.句意：购物中心在我家的附近，所以我们步行去那里。near 在附近；into到里面；at 在具体地点；from来自，从。根据下句话so we walk there可知，作者和妈妈步行去购物中心，说明那里离家很近。故应选A。3.句意：步行到那儿花费我们大约20分钟的时间。makes 制作；takes花费；plays玩；costs花费，主语为物。这句话中使用的句型是It takes sb. +一段时间+to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间。故应选B。4.句意：这个购物中心有一个好的名字，它叫“万达”。flower 花；place地方；name 名字；room房间。根据下句话It is called“万达”in Chinese可知，这里说的是购物中心的名字。故应选C。5.句意：它没有英语名字。old 老的，旧的；big大的；English英语；French法语。根据下文Can you help to put it into English?可知，作者问你能不能翻译成英语，由此可知，这个购物中心没有英语名字。故应选C。6.句意：那里有很多东西，例如电视、冰箱、自行车、电脑、衣服、书、食物和饮料。There is 有，后面跟名词单数形式；There are有，后面跟名词复数；They are他们是；They're是They are的缩写。根据句意可知，这里应用there be句型，表示在某处有某物。主语many things是复数，故应选B。7.句意：那里有许多人。students 学生们；people人们；children孩子们；teachers老师们。根据下句话There are men and women, old and young可知，购物中心有男人、女人，也有年轻人和老人，所以那里的人很多，故应选B。8.句意：父母们必须照顾好他们的孩子。look after 照顾；look for寻找；Look at看；look like看起来像。根据下文The shopping centre is so big. Young children may get lost'(迷失) in it可知，这个购物中心很大，小孩子可能会在里面迷路，所以家长们要照顾好他们。故应选A。9.句意：为什么许多人去那里买东西？What 什么；Who 谁；Why 为什么；When什么时候。根据下文Some of the things there are usually expensive, but they are very_10_. The workers there are always nice and friendly可知，这里问的是很多人去那里购物的原因，故应选C。10.句意：那里的一些东西很贵，但是很好。small小的；good好的；big大的；bad差的，糟糕的。根据上文many people come here to buy things可知，很多人去购物中心买东西，因此那里东西的质量应该是好的。故应选B。题组C 培优拔尖练一 阅读理解A This happened in London. It was November and the weather was very wet and cold. A Frenchman had caught a very bad cold. He coughed (咳嗽) day and night, so he decided to go and get some medicine for his cough. As he did not know much English, he took out his dictionary and looked up the word “cough”. But the dictionary did not tell him how to pronounce (发音) the word. He thought it over and remembered that he had learned the word “plough”. He remembered that it was pronounced pla. So he thought that c-o-u-g-h must be pronounced ka. Then he put on his coat and hat and went to a chemists shop (药店). When the man in the shop asked him what he wanted, the Frenchman said, “I want something for my COW, please.” The man in the shop looked at him. Had he heard him correctly? “I beg your pardon, sir?” he asked. The Frenchman repeated, “I want some medicine for my cow.” “For your cow?” asked the man. “Are you a farmer?” “A farmer?” said the Frenchman in surprise, “What makes you think Im a farmer? I come from Paris. Im not a farmer.” “But where is your cow?” “Its here!” answered the Frenchman. He put his hand on his chest (胸口) and began to cough. “Here it is,” he said, “Ive a very bad cow here.”Then the man in the shop understood what the Frenchman meant. He wanted some medicine for his cough.1.The Frenchman said, “I want something for my cow, please.” Here by the word “COW” he meant _.A.cowB.coughC.medicineD.cold2.What made the man in the shop think the Frenchman was a farmer?A.The word “cough” was pronounced ka by him.B.The Frenchman looked like a farmer.C.The Frenchman said he came from a farm in Paris.D.We cant learn about it from the story.3.Which of the following is TRUE?A.The man in the shop had heard the Frenchman correctly.B.The Frenchman asked for some medicine for his cow.C.The Frenchman told the man in the shop he had a very bad cow.D.The man in the shop didnt understand the Frenchman clearly at first.【答案】BAD【文章大意】短文讲述一个法国人得了重感冒去药店买药，但是他不知道“咳嗽”这个词怎么发音。于是他根据别的词猜测cough发音同cow，之后来到药店闹了一个笑话。【解析】1.词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“So he thought that c-o-u-g-h must be pronounced ka.”可知，他认为咳嗽cough的发音同奶牛cow的发音一样。因此本文中cow意思是 cough。故选B。2.细节理解题。通读第四段内容可知，“法国人又说了一遍，他想给他的牛买点药。”由此说明他将 cough发音成cow，所以药店里的人认为这个法国人是一个农民。故选A。3.细节理解题。通读文章二至九段内容可知，这个法国人到药店将cough发音成cow，因此药店老板没有明白他的意思。后来法国人做了咳嗽的动作，药店老板才明白他的意思。所以起初药店老板没有明白这个法国人的意思。故选D。BHours of Free ParkingYou will receive 2 hours of free parking if you spend $ 30 in our store. But if you spend $ 50 or more, you can get 8 hours of free parking and coupons(优惠券). And you can get a surprise with a coupon in the following stores.20% OffGet a 20% Off on any book you buy at the Wonderland store. We have many books to choose from our store, including childrens books, novels, travel guides and hobbies. Youre sure to find something that youll enjoy.Buy One, Get One FreeBuy one shirt or tie at Davids at the menswear, and get one more shirt or tie of the same value free.Free Soft DrinksBuy any meal for at least $8 at Toms Café, and receive a free soft drink. We serve the best hamburgers and snacks in the mall. Come in and try our delicious meals and our excellent service. You wont be disappointed.Half-Price Movie TicketsBuy any full-price movie ticket on weekdays, you can buy a second ticket for a friend for only half price, or a second ticket for free on your birthday! The latest movies are all here.Welcome to our store! Get more coupons! They are due(到期) in two weeks!Tel: 8693527614.How long can you park free at most if you pay the store $ 50?A.2 hours.B.4 hours.C.6 hours.D.8 hours.5.If Mike wants to buy his son some cheaper books, he is supposed to go to _.A.Wonderland storeB.Davids menswearC.Toms CaféD.the service desk6.When should Tom and his friend go to the latest movie if they want to get a half-price ticket?A.On SaturdaysB.On Sundays.C.On his birthday.D.On Tuesdays.7.What correct information can you get from the passage?A.Buy one tie at Davids menswear, and you may get one more tie of the same price.B.You can get a free soft drink if you buy any meal at Toms Café.C.You can e-mail or ring up the store to get more information.D.All the shopping coupons can be used in two months【答案】DADA【文章大意】本篇主要讲述家园购物优惠券。包括免费停车、书籍打8折、男装买一赠一、免费汽水、电影票半价或免费等优惠。【解析】4.细节理解题。根据But if you spend $50 or more, you can get 8 hours of free parking and coupons可知，如果你在这里购物花了50元以及更多，你就可以免费停8小时车，故选D。5.细节理解题。根据Get a 20% Off on any book you buy at the Wonderla