Unit 1 Know yourself 课时3 Grammar-九上英语同步讲义（牛津译林版）【教师版】.doc

Unit 1 Know yourselfGrammar 知识精讲知识点01 并列连词 and 教材P12 【用法详解】1) 表示并列、顺承和递进关系，连接词性相同的单词、短语或句子。As for grammar, English and Chinese have something in common. 相对于语法来说，英语和汉语有很多相似之处。2) 用于“祈使句 and + will .陈述句”结构，并列连词and 之后的陈述句表示一个较好的结果，祈使句表示一个条件，可与if引导的条件句互相转换。Hurry up and you will catch the early bus.= If you hurry up, you will catch the early bus.【典例讲解】1) Betty speaks English best in our class she often helps us with it.A. andB. butC. orD. for【答案】A【解析】句意：在我们班贝蒂英语讲得最好，并且她经常帮助我们学英语。考查并列连词。and和；but但是；or或者；for因为。结合语 境可知，空处表示顺承关系，用and连接前后句，故选A。2) “Help others whenever you can, _ you will make the world a nice place,” the mother said to her daughter.A. andB. orC. butD. so【答案】A【解析】句意：母亲对女儿说：“只要你能帮助别人，你就会把世界变成一个美好的地方。”。考查连词辨析。and然后，和；or否则；but但是；so因此。根据“Help others whenever you can.you will make the world a nice place”可知，此处是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”的结构，前后句是递进的关系，应用连词and。故选A。【拓展】and连接的两个部分做主语，谓语动词一般用复数形式，但如果连接的两个部分表示同一个人，同一件事，或表示一个整体时，谓语动词用单数。The scientist and professor is invited to give us a speech. 那位科学家教授被邀请给我们做演讲。When and where to have the meeting has not been decided yet. 开会的时间和地点还没有定下来。Fork and knife is often used in western countries. 刀叉在西方国家被使用。知识点02 并列连词 but 教材P12 【用法详解】1) but 表示“但是，然而，却”，用来连接两个有转折关系的单词，短语或句子。Would you like to come to the party tonight?Id love to, but I have too much homework. 2) but 与though, although 不可以同时用在一个句子里。He was hurt, but he still ran on. = Although/Though he was hurt, he still ran on. 【典例讲解】My room _ Janes room are tidy, _ Lucys room isnt.A. and ; andB. and; orC. and; butD. but; and【答案】C【解析】句意：我的房间和简的房间是整洁的，但是露西的房间不是。考查并列连词。and和，而且，表示并列或顺承或递进关系；or或者，也不，通常用于否定句和疑问句；but但是，表示转折关系。“My room”和“Janes room”是并列关系，可知第一个空填and；第二个空前后句之间是转折关系，可知第二个空填but；故选C。知识点03 并列连词 or 教材P12 【用法详解】1) 表示选择关系，意为“或者”，用来连接两个或多个对等成分。如果连接两个主语，谓语动词的人称和数与or后面的主语保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。Are you coming alone or with us together? 你自己来还是跟我们一起？His brother or he is going to tell us a story. 他或者他的兄弟将会给我们讲一个故事。常用于否定和疑问句，用于否定句中表示“也不”，用于疑问句中表示“或者”。I dont like coffee with sugar or milk. 我不喜欢咖啡加糖或者牛奶。3) 意为“否则”，用于“祈使句or + 陈述句(一般将来时)”结构。并列连词or 之后的陈述句表示一个不好的结果，祈使句表示一个条件，可与if引导的（否定）条件句互相转换。Hurry up or you will miss the early bus.= If you dont hurry up, you will miss the early bus.【典例讲解】Dont give up working hard, _ you will never achieve anything in your life.A. soB. orC. butD. and【答案】B【解析】句意：不要放弃努力工作，否则你将一事无成。考查连词辨析。so因此，表因果；or或者，否则，表选择；but但是，表转折；and和，表顺承；根据“Dont give up working hard”可知句子是“祈使句+or+陈述句”结构；表示在以祈使句为条件下的相反假设，意为“否则，要不然”；故选B。知识点04 并列连词 so 教材P12 【用法详解】1) so表示因果关系，意为“所以，因此，于是”。类似的词：therefore。My mother asked me to go home, so I left school early. 妈妈让我回家，因此我早早地就离开了学校。2) so 与because 不可以同时用在一个句子里。Mary was ill, so she didnt go to school today. = Because Mary was ill, she didnt go to school today. 【典例讲解】How is your leg?It is still painful, _ Im going to see a doctor now.A. thoughB. butC. orD. so【答案】D【解析】句意：你的腿怎么样了？还是疼，所以我现在要去看医生。考查连词辨析。though尽管；but但是；or或者；so所以。“It is still painful”与“Im going to see a doctor now”是因果关系，因为腿疼，所以要去看医生。故选D。知识点05 impatient 教材P12【用法详解】impatient adj. 不耐心的 反义词：patient adj. 耐心的 be patient with sb 对某人耐心的 patience n. 耐心 patient n. 病人Do not be impatient with patients. 不要对病人不耐心。【典例讲解】Its _ to sleep with lots of noise around.I cant agree more. Noise makes people _.A. possible; impatientB. impossible; impatientC.possible; sleeplessD. impossible; sleepy【答案】B【解析】句意：周围有很多噪音是不可能入睡的。我完全同意。噪音使人不耐烦。考查形容词辨析。possible可能的；impatient不耐烦的；impossible不可能的；sleepy困倦的；sleepless失眠的；根据“sleep with lots of noise around”可知，如果有很多噪音，入睡是不可能的，排除A/C选项；结合常识可知，噪音会使人感到不耐烦，故选B。知识点06 both.and 教材P13【用法详解】both . and . ：.和.两者都；既.又.连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，否定结构为neither . nor Both her mother and she can speak English very well. 她的妈妈和她，英语讲得都很好。【典例讲解】Getting enough sleep is good for _ health _ study.A. neither; nor B. both; and C. either; nor D. neither; or【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：获得足够的睡眠对健康和对学习都有好处。A. neither; nor既不······也不······；B. both; and ······和······都；CD选项本身错误，根据句意，故选B。知识点07 not only.but also . 教材P13【用法详解】not only . but (also) ：.不仅.而且.，连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数须与but (also)后面的主语保持一致(就近原则)。Not only his parents but also he is kind to the poor. 不仅他的父母而且他对穷人都很好。【典例讲解】 _Mary _ her parents take regular exercise in order to keep fit.A. Not only but also B. Either or C. Neithernor D. Not onlyas well【答案】A【解析】句意：不仅玛丽而且她的父母为了保持健康也做日常锻练。A. Not only but also 不但而且；B. Either or 或者或者； C. Neithernor 既不也不；D. Not onlyas well无此搭配；根据句意及语境此题应选A。知识点08 either.or. 教材P13【用法详解】either . or . ：不是.就是.； 要么.要么.，连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数须与or后面的主语保持一致(就近原则)。We only need one person. Either Mary or Tom is ok. 我们只需要一个人， 要么是Mary，要么是Tom都可以。【典例讲解】-I hear a new film is on these days. Shall we go to the cinema together，Lucy and Lily?-_ Lily_ I will go with you because one of us must help our fatherA. Either; norB. Either; orC. Neither; norD. Both; and【答案】B【解析】句意：我听说最近有一部新电影，我们一起去看电影好吗，露西和莉莉？要么莉莉要么我和你一起去，因为我们中的一个必须帮助我们的爸爸。A. Either; nor搭配不对；B. Either; or或者或者；C. Neither; nor既不也不；D. Both; and和都。根据“because one of us must help our father”可知，只能有一个人去，故答案为B。知识点9 neither.nor 教材P13【用法详解】neither . nor .：既不.也不.连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数须与nor后面的主语保持一致(就近原则)。Neither Mum nor Dad is at home today. 妈妈和爸爸今天都不在家。【典例讲解】_ both Jim and Jane interested in taking photos in High School Affiliated to SWU?一I dont think so. _ Jim _Jane shows any interest in that.A. Do; Not only, but also B. Are; Not only, but also C.Do; Neither, norD. Are; Neither, nor【答案】D【解析】句意：吉姆和简都对在西南大学附属中学拍照感兴趣吗？我不这么认为。吉姆和简对那件事都不感兴趣。考查一般疑问句和连词辨析。Not only, but also不但而且；Neither, nor既不也不。be interested in“对有兴趣”，一般疑问句需要提前be动词，故排除AC；根据“I dont think so.”可知两人都对此不感兴趣。故选D。能力拓展一.单项选择1. He was _ to wait for me for so long. He left alone.A. so impatient B. patient enough C. too patient D. too impatient2.This training program can give you a rise at work, _ increase your pay by 40%, so youd better put all your effort into it.A.as well asB.as good asC.as soon asD.as possible as3.Smile at the world, _ the world will smile back at you.A.butB.andC.asD.or4.You dont need to take any cash（现金）when shopping. You may pay by _ Alipay （支付宝）_ WeChat（微信）.A.either, orB.neither; norC.not; but5. Tom, you're all wet. Take off the clothes, _ you will catch a cold.A.andB.butC.soD.or6. Life is like a one-way race, _ treasure every moment as time cannot be won again.A.soB.andC.orD.but7. _ he get up early, _ he also goes to bed late.A.Not only do; but B.Not only does; butC.Not only; but D.Not does; but does8. There is only one ticket for both of us . _you_I can go to the concert .A.Both ； and B.Not only ； but also C.Either ； or D.Neither ； nor9.What do you think of this movie?It's _ moving _ meaningful. I like it very much.A.either; or B.neither; nor C.either; norD.both; and10._her husband _her son is so active as her.They dont like to talk much.A.Not only，but alsoB.Either, norC.Either, orD.Neither, nor【答案】 1-5 DABAD 6-10 ABCDD【解析】1.句意：他太没有耐心等我这么久，独自离开了。考查副词及形容词。impatient没有耐心的； patient耐心的。so+adj.后跟从句,空格后不是句子。故排除A；tooto太而不能。故答案为D。2.句意：这个培训计划能使你在工作方面得到提升，还能使你工资上涨40%，所以你最好全力以赴。考查短语辨析。as well as也，而且；as good as和一样好；as soon as一就；as possible as尽可能。根据语境可知，两句之间是并列的递进关系，用as well as连接，故选A。3.句意：对世界微笑，世界也会对你微笑。考查连词辨析。but但是；and和；as由于；or或者。此句是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”的结构，前后句是并列递进的关系，用连词and连接，故选B。4.句意：你购物时不需要带现金。您可以通过支付宝或微信支付。考查并列连词。either.or或者或者；neither.nor既不也不；not.but不是而是；结合语境及常识可知，此处指的是可以用支付宝或微信支付，应用either.or.连接，故选A。5.句意：汤姆，你全身湿透了。脱掉衣服，否则你会感冒的。考查并列连词。and和，并且；but但是；so因此；or或者，否则。根据前后句“多穿衣服”和“你会感冒之间”构成在以祈使句为条件下的相反的假设，可知这里指否则你就会感冒，故选D。6.句意：人生就像一场单程赛跑，所以珍惜每一刻，因为时间不可能倒流。考查连词辨析。so因此；and和；or或者；but但是。“Life is like a oneway race”与“treasure every moment as time cannot be won again”是因果关系，前是因，后是果，故选A。7.句意：他不仅起的早，而且他也晚睡。当not only-but also-连接两个句子时，not only后面的句子要倒装，因主语是he，所以用does；故选B 8.句意：对于我们两个只有一张票，或者你或者我去音乐会。Not onlybut also表示不仅而且；neither nor表示既不也不；both and表示两者都怎样eitheror表示两者任何一个，或者或者；其中not onlybut also和bothand连接两个主语时，谓语动词要用复数；neithernor和eitheror连接两个主语时谓语动词要用单数形.故选C。9.句意为“你认为这部电影怎么样？”“它既感人又有意义，我非常喜欢它。”either.or.或者或者；neither.nor.既不也不； both.and.两者都；C项形式错误。由“I like it very much.”可知选D。10.句意：她的丈夫和儿子都不像她那么活跃。他们不太喜欢说话。考查不定代词辨析题。A. Not only，but also不仅而且，遵循就近原则；B. Either, nor搭配错误；C. Either, or或者或者，表示二者择其一；D. Neither, nor既不也不，表示两者都不。active活跃的，根据下文They dont like to talk much，可知前句是否定意义，故选D。分层提分题组A 基础过关练一.完成句子。1. 谁更外向，李磊还是张华？_ is more outgoing, Li Lei _ Zhang Hua?【答案】Who or 【解析】疑问词who表示“谁”，疑问句中用or连接两个并列的人名，故填Who；or。2. 在晚上，我要么看电视，要么打电子游戏。I _ watch TV _ play computer games in the evening.【答案】either or 【解析】要么要么：eitheror，连接句子中两个并列的成分。故填either；or。3. 你是骑自行车去上学还是步行去上学？_ you ride your bike to school _ _ to school?【答案】Do or walk 【解析】根据语境可知，该句是选择疑问句，时态是一般现在时，主语是you，谓语是实义动词ride，所以助动词用do；还是：or，表示选择；步行：walk，与动词ride词形保持一致，用原形。故填Do；or；walk。4. 我喜欢数学，因为它虽然难，但很有趣。I like math because its _ _ _.【答案】difficult but interesting 【解析】通过中英文句子对照可知，英文句子中需要翻译的部分是“困难，但很有趣”；difficult“困难的”，形容词，符合题意；but“但是”，表示转折；interesting“有趣的”，形容词，符合题意；故填difficult；but；interesting。5. 我们不仅冬天去那儿，而且夏天也去。We go there _ _ in winter，_ _in summer.【答案】not only but also 【解析】句意：我们不仅冬天去那儿，而且夏天也去。短语not onlybut also：不但而且,不仅还；结合句意和提示可知答案是not only . but also。6. 汤姆很穷，而他的弟弟却发了财。Tom was poor _ his brother became very rich.【答案】while【解析】根据句意，此处表示对比，所以应用并列连词while，故填while。7. 机器和机器人将会做所有繁重和困难的工作。Machines _ do all the _ and difficult jobs.【答案】and robots will heavy 【解析】robot“机器人”，与名词machines是并列关系，故robot也要用复数形式，用and连接两个并列关系的名词；根据“将”，可知，句子要用一般将来时will do的结构，heavy表示“繁重的”，形容词作定语修饰名词jobs，故填and robots will；heavy。8. 这条裤子不太长也不太短，正适合我。This pair of trousers isnt _ _ _ too short and they just _ _.【答案】too long or are fit 【解析】第一句话中，is是系动词，后加形容词作表语，long是形容词，意为“长的”；根据“这条裤子不太长也不太短”，可知在否定句中用or连接两个并列关系的形容词，too意为“太”，是副词，修饰形容词。第二句话中，they是主语，表示复数，fit是形容词，意为“合适的”，可作表语，系动词用are。故填too；long；or；are；fit。9. 莎士比亚不光是位作家, 还是位演员.Shakespeare was_a writer_an actor.【答案】not only but also 【解析】首先通过中英文句子的比对, 可知英文句子中缺少“不仅而且”的表达，短语"不仅而且"的英文表达是“not only but also” 故填：not onlybut also10. 晚饭后，我妈妈要么去散步要么就读读书。After dinner, my mother _ goes out for a walk _ reads some books.【答案】either or 【解析】根据语境，此处并列谓语动词，填连词；英语eitheror意为“要么要么”；故填either；or。题组B 能力提升练一、 完型填空My mother was a nurse. She left at 5:45 a. m, so I had to wake myself up, fix breakfast, and walk to the 7:30 a.m. bus. I hated being left home alone in the 1 , but I especially hated having to take the bus. Mom worked the day shift so she could pick me up after school.One day, as we walked to our car, I saw an old man walking towards us. He 2 broke into a wide smile, but I didnt know him.“Leigh! Leigh!” he said, 3 my mothers name.“Hello,” she answered. “How are you feeling?”“Couldnt be better! Thanks. Now who is this lovely young person?” he asked 4 .“This is my daughter,” Mom replied, looking over to me.“Jenny, can you say hello?”I looked at him and smiled, unsure of my 5 .“Well, it is very nice to meet you. I hope you know how lucky you are!” he said.I looked at him in 6 as I had no idea what he was talking about and I didnt feel lucky at all.“You have the most wonderful, caring and lovely mother,” he said. “When I was in hospital last month, she took the best care of me. She made me better every day. In fact, young 7 , I shall never forget her.”I watched this strangers joy in my mom. He kept thanking her and thanking her.Right then I suddenly 8 what it meant for my mom to be a nurse. She was caring for, serving, and loving those strangers, often during some of the 9 times in their lives.It wasnt the last time I witnessed someone thanking Mom or 10 her on her bedside manner, but it was the first time I understood why I stood at the bus stop every morning.1. A.morningB.afternoonC.eveningD.night2. A.smoothlyB.simplyC.suddenlyD.slowly3. A.writingB.callingC.readingD.asking4. A.carefullyB.curiouslyC.cheerfullyD.calmly5. A.looksB.ageC.moodsD.role6. A.surpriseB.hopeC.doubtD.envy7. A.ladyB.manC.personD.student8. A.acceptedB.explainedC.consideredD.realized9. A.happiestB.darkestC.busiestD.warmest10. A.praisingB.greetingC.attackingD.reminding【答案】 1-5 ACBCD 6-10 ACDBA【文章大意】文章讲述了作者的妈妈是一名护士，每天早上很早出门，作者不得不自己收拾一切，直到有一次作者看到妈妈被一位照顾过的病人表扬的时候，作者才意识到这对于妈妈意为着什么。【解析】1.句意：我讨厌早上一个人呆在家里，尤其讨厌乘公共汽车。morning早上；afternoon下午；evening傍晚；night晚上；根据“She left at 5:45 a.m, so I had to wake myself up, fix breakfast, and walk to the 7:30 a.m. bus.”可知，作者讨厌早上一个人在家，故选A。2.句意：他突然露出灿烂的笑容，但我不认识他。smoothly流畅地；simply简单地；suddenly突然；slowly慢慢地；根据“I saw an old man walking towards us.”以及“broke into a wide smile”可知，此处说的是突然露出灿烂的笑容，故选C。3.句意：他叫着我母亲的名字说。writing写；calling叫；reading读；asking问；根据“Leigh! Leigh!”可知，是叫着作者母亲的名字，故选B。4.句意：他高兴地问。carefully仔细地；curiously好奇地；cheerfully高兴地；calmly镇定地；根据“.Couldnt be better!”以及后文对母亲的表扬可知，这个人心情是非常好的，应该是高兴地问，故选C。5.句意：我看着他笑了笑，不确定自己的角色。looks相貌，表情；age年龄；moods情绪；role角色；根据“broke into a wide smile, but I didnt know him.”以及“Jenny, can you say hello?”可知，对于这个作者不认识的人，被要求跟他打招呼，作者不知道应该用什么样的角色跟他打招呼，故选D。6.句意：我惊讶地看着他。surprise惊讶；hope希望；doubt怀疑；envy嫉妒；根据“as I had no idea what he was talking about”可知，作者对于那个人说的话感到惊讶，故选A。7.句意：其实，年轻人，我永远不会忘记她。lady女士；man男人；person人；student学生；根据“this lovely young person”可知，这里是陌生男人对作者说的话，用young person指代作者，故选C。8.句意：就在那时，我突然意识到对我妈妈来说，当护士意味着什么。accepted接受；explained解释；considered考虑；realized意识到；根据“what it meant for my mom to be a nurse”可知，这是作者意识到的，故选D。9.句意：她照顾、服务、爱护那些陌生人，常常是在他们生命中最黑暗的时期。happiest最幸福的；darkest最黑暗的；busiest最忙的；warmest最温暖的；根据“She was caring for, serving, and loving those strangers”及常识可知，作者意识到妈妈在这些陌生人最艰难最黑暗的时期照顾他们，故选B。10.句意：这不是我最后一次看到有人感谢妈妈或赞扬她对病人的态度，但这是我第一次明白为什么我每天早上都要站在公交车站。praising表扬；greeting问候；attacking攻击；reminding提醒；根据“When I was in hospital last month she took the best care of me. She made every day better.”可知，妈妈受到了她照顾的病人们的感谢和赞扬，故选A。题组C 培优拔尖练一 阅读理解AFor most people, graduatio