2024年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试适应性测试（九省联考）英语试题含解析.pdf

参照机密级管理参照机密级管理启用前启用前河南省河南省 2024 年普通高考适应性测试年普通高考适应性测试英语英语注意事项：注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的考生号、姓名、考点学校、考场号及座位号填写在答题卡上。答卷前，考生务必将自己的考生号、姓名、考点学校、考场号及座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分第一部分听力听力(共两节，满分共两节，满分 30 分分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。到答题卡上。第一节第一节(共共 5 小题小题;每小题每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 7.5 分分)听下面听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选三个选项中选出最佳选项项。听完每段对话后听完每段对话后，你都有你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读每段对话仅读一遍。一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是 C。1.What will Chris do next?A.Drink some coffee.B.Watch the World Cup.C.Go to sleep.2.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Strangers.B.Classmates.C.Relatives.3.What is the womans attitude to the mans suggestion?A.Favorable.B.Tolerant.C.Negative.4.What can we learn about Tom?A.Hes smart for his age.B.Hes unwilling to study.C.Hes difficult to get along with.5.What did Kevin do yesterday?A.He went swimming.B.He cleaned up his house.C.He talked with his grandparents.第二节第二节(共共 15 小题小题;每小题每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 22.5 分分)听下面听下面 5 段对话或独白段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟秒钟;完后，各小完后，各小题给出题给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第听第 6 段材料，回答第段材料，回答第 6、7 题。题。6.Who is arranging the meeting?A.Peter.B.David.C.Janet.7.When does the man prefer to have the meeting?A.This Wednesday.B.This Friday.C.Next Monday.听第听第 7 段材料，回答第段材料，回答第 8、9 题。题。8.What are the speakers talking about?A.Travel experiences.B.Vacation plans.C.Favorite seasons.9.What does the man want to do?A.Go to the beach.B.Find a summer job.C.Move to Washington.听第听第 8 段材料段材料,回答第回答第 10 至至 12 题。题。10.What does the news say about big online spenders in the US?A.The number of them grows slowly.B.There are more men than women.C.They make up half of all shoppers.11.How much did Americans spend shopping online last year?A.$453 billion.B.$990 billion.C.$1,500 billion.12.What did George buy online last Sunday?A.An adventure novel.B.Asoftware package.C.Anote by Mark Twain.听第听第 9 段材料，回答第段材料，回答第 13 至至 16 题。题。13.What has Richard been doing?A.Visiting a museum.B.Watching TV.C.Studying.14.Why does Susan call Richard?A.To ask for help.B.To give thanks.C.To make an appointment.15.What does Susan want to do?A.See an exhibition.B.Buy a new cell phone.C.Take pictures of the snow.16.What will the speakers probably do?A.Go to a park.B.Play football.C.Attend a party.听第听第 10 段材料，回答第段材料，回答第 17 至至 20 题。题。17.Where did the speaker learn about college?A.From the movies.B.From her family.C.From the books.18.What helped change the speakers attitude towards study?A.Her professors advice.B.Her graduate program.C.Her trip to Africa.19.How does the speaker feel when she talks about her past experiences?A.Regretful.B.Relieved.C.Grateful.20.Who is the speaker probably talking to?A.Conservation workers.B.High school students.C.College teachers.第二部分第二部分阅读阅读(共两节，满分共两节，满分 50 分分)第一节第一节(共共 15 小题小题;每小题每小题 2.5 分，满分分，满分 37.5 分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。四个选项中选出最佳选项。AYellowstone Poster Exhibition to Be on View at UWs Coe LibraryAfirst-of-its-kind exhibition that focuses on the history of Yellowstone National Park posters will be ondisplay at the University of Wyomings Coe Library beginning Tuesday,February 1.“Wonderland Illustrated”will present posters and poster-style illustrations of the park spanning from the 1870sthrough 2022.The exhibition will be located on Level 3 of Coe Library.It will be on view through Tuesday,May31.The exhibition takes place at the same time as this years 150th anniversary of the creation of YellowstoneNational Park.The posters in the exhibition serve the purpose of both advertising and art.“Were thrilled to be working with Yellowstone collectors Jack and Susan Davs,and Larry and TheaLancaster to bring this exhibition to the University of Wyoming as part of year-long celebrations recognizingYellowstones 150th anniversary,”says Tamsen Hert,head of UW LibrariesEmmett D.Chisum SpecialCollections.“This exhibition involves the history of printing,art,photography and advertising over 16 decades.The images reproduced are found on travel brochures,postcards and mapsmany of which are held in ourcollections.”One poster from the exhibitionHenry Wellges“Yellowstone National Park”from1904was recentlypurchased with donated funds and is now part of UW LibrariesEmmett D.Chisum Special Collections.Wellge,aproductive birds-eye-view artist,designed the piece for the Northern Pacific Railroad,which used it to advertisethe park.This is a unique piece,as posters such as this one were printed on soft paper and very few have survived.1.How long will the exhibition“Wonderland Illustrated”last?A.Two weeks.B.Three months.C.Four months.D.One year.2.What is a purpose of the exhibition?A.To remember a famous artist.B.To raise fund for Coe Library.C.To mark the anniversary of a national park.D.To tell the history of the University of Wyoming.3.What do we know about the 1904 poster Henry Wellge designed?A.It is rare in the world.B.It is in black and white.C.It is printed on cloth.D.It is owned by a professor.BParrots are prey animals,which means that other predators(捕食者)in the wild,such as hawks or snakes,arelooking to make them into a meal.This one factor influences parrotsbehavior in your house more than any other.Parrots are most easily hurt when feeding on the ground.Membership in a group plays an important functionin ensuring their safety and improving their chances of survival from attacks by predators.The most commonpredators of parrots include hawks,snakes,cats,monkeys,and bats.Some predators make attacks only during theday while others hunt in the night.As prey animals,parrots are constantly watching out for danger and they instinctively(本能地)react to risks.Their first choice is to take flight.However,if this is not possible,they will fight with their powerful beaks todefend themselves.Because their biggest enemy is the hawk,parrots are especially reactive to quick movements from above andbehind.For this reason,it is wise to avoid quick,sudden movements near your bird.This is a built-in reaction notsubject to logic or reason.Simple and relatively harmless household objects can draw extreme fear responses froma bird.For example,a balloon may represent a hawk or a vacuum hose(吸尘器软管)may be the same as a snakein your birds mind.As prey animals,parrots are often frightened by exposure to new household items or strangers.It is importantto expose your bird to safe experiences and changes starting at a very young age to build flexibility and improvetheir adaptability.Variety in diet and toys,travel,and exposure to new people and places all help to make your birdmore flexible and adaptable to change.4.What is important for parrots to better survive from attacks in the wild?A.Living in a group.B.Growing beautiful feathers.C.Feeding on the ground.D.Avoiding coming out at night.5.What is parrotsfirst response to an immediate risk?A.To attack back.B.To get away.C.To protect the young.D.To play dead.6.Why would a balloon frighten a parrot?A.It may explode suddenly.B.It may be in a strange shape.C.It may have a strong color.D.It may move around quickly.7.What is the authors purpose of writing the text?A.To explain wild parrotsbehavior.B.To give advice on raising a parrot.C.To call for action to protect animals.D.To introduce a study on bird ecology.CIn his 1936 work How to Win Friends and Influence People,Dale Carnegie wrote:“I have come to theconclusion that there is only one way to get the best of an argument and that is to avoid it.”This distaste forarguments is common,but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal andsocial lives and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place.Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights,which is how we often think of them.Like physical fights,verbal(言语的)fights can leave both sides bloodied.Even when you win,you end up no better off.You would befeeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions like,say,tennis tournaments.Pairs of opponentshit the ball back and forth until one winner comes out from all who entered.Everybody else loses.This kind ofthinking explains why so many people try to avoid arguments.However,there are ways to win an argument every time.When you state your position,formulate(阐述)anargument for what you claim and honestly ask yourself whether your argument is any good.When you talk withsomeone who takes a stand,ask them to give you a reason for their view and spell out their argument fully.Assessits strength and weakness.Raise objections(异议)and listen carefully to their replies.This method will requireeffort,but practice will make you better at it.These tools can help you win every argument not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but inthe better sense of learning about what divides people,learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk andwork together with them.If we readjust our view of arguments from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasonedexchange through which we all gain respect and understanding from each other then we change the very natureof what it means to“win”an argument.8.What is the authors attitude toward Carnegies understanding of argument?A.Critical.B.Supportive.C.Tolerant.D.Uncertain.9.Why do many people try to avoid arguments?A.They lack debating skills.B.They may feel bad even if they win.C.They fear being ignored.D.They are not confident in themselves.10.What does the underlined phrase“spell out”in paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Defend.B.Explain.C.Conclude.D.Repeat.11.What is the key to“winning”an argument according to the author?A.Sense of logic.B.Solid supporting evidence.C.Proper manners.D.Understanding from both sides.DFor lots of kids,toddlerhood(幼儿期)is an important time for friendship.Studies show that the earlier kidslearn to form positive relationships,the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults.Playing togetheralso helps these kids practice social behaviors,such as kindness,sharing,and cooperation.Even so,how quickly your child develops into a social creature may also depend on his temperament(性格).Some toddler s are very social,but others are shy.In addition,the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like otherchildren is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship.Research at Ohio StateUniversity in Columbus found that a toddlers way of saying“I like you”during play is likely to come in the formof copying a friends behavior.This seemingly unusual way of demonstrating fondness can result in unpleasant behavior.Regardless of howmuch they like a playmate,they may still grab his toys,refuse to share,and get bossy.But experts say that this is anormal and necessary part of friendship for kids this age.Through play experiences,toddlers learn social rules.Thats why its so important to take an active role in your toddlers social encounters by setting limits and offeringfrequent reminders of what they are.When you establish these guidelines,explain the reasons behind them.Begin by helping your child learn sympathy(“Ben is crying.Whats making him so sad?”),then suggest howhe could resolve the problem(“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball.”).When your child sharesor shows empathy(同理心)toward a friend,praise him(“Ben stopped crying!You made him feel better.”).Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words-not fists-to expresshow they feel.Its also important to be mindful of how your childs personality affects playtime.Kids are easy toget angry when theyre sleepy or hungry,so schedule playtime when theyre refreshed.12.What does it indicate when toddlers copy their playmatesbehavior?A.They are interested in acting.B.They are shy with the strangers.C.They are fond of their playmates.D.They are tired of playing games.13.What does the author suggest parents do for their kids?A.Design games for them.B.Find them suitable playmates.C.Play together with them.D.Help them understand social rules.14.What is the function of the quoted statements in paragraph 4?A.Giving examples.B.Explaining concepts.C.Providing evidence.D.Making comparisons.15.Which of the following is the best title for the text?A.How Children Adapt to ChangesB.How to Be a Role Model for ChildrenC.How Your Baby Learns to LoveD.How to Communicate with Your Kid第二节第二节(共共 5 小题小题;每小题每小题 2.5 分，满分分，满分 12.5 分分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。项。Common Mistakes New Runners MakeRunning is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it.However,many make a number ofcommon mistakes,which can interfere(妨碍)with training or lead to injury._16_,keep these things in mindto help you increase your chances of running success.Doing too much too soonOne of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon.Slowly easing into a trainingprogram will help reduce the risk of injury,so you can continue on with your new running routine _17_._18_Beginners might think they need to run every day(or nearly every day)to meet their fitness or weight-lossgoals,but this couldnt be further from the truth.Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard onyour body.So its important to give your body a rest between workouts.Not wearing the right equipment_19_,its important that you wear properly for your workouts.The most important piece of equipmentfor running is a good pair of running shoes,so be sure to do some research before you purchase a pair.Visit arunning specialty store and ask an employee to fit you for a shoe.Running through pain_20_ If something hurts when you run,you need to stop and treat the pain.Remember:It doesnt makeyou less of a runner if you listen to your body to keep it healthy.A.Not taking rest daysB.If youre just starting outC.Comparing yourself to othersD.Running can be uncomfortable at timesE.Its important not to use the same musclesF.While it may be true that you dont need expensive equipment to take up runningG.Experts suggest increasing your running distance by no more than 10%each week第三部分第三部分语言运用语言运用(共两节，满分共两节，满分 30 分分)第一节第一节(共共 15 小题小题;每小题每小题 1 分，满分分，满分 15 分分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。四个选项中选出最佳选项。I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down.My phone was _21_,too.I managed to get to a gas station,but it was Sunday in the early fall,and there was no _22_ on duty.I wasworking my way through university then and had little money for _23_ the car.I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to _24_ the heat when an older gentleman _25_ tofuel his car.He asked about my car,and I _26_ my predicament(困境).To my _27