2024《试吧大考卷》二轮专题闯关导练英语【新高考】高考题型重组练(七).doc
2024试吧大考卷二轮专题闯关导练英语【新高考】高考题型重组练(七)高考题型重组练(七).阅读理解A2020·石家庄市高三年级阶段性训练题Macinley Butson was just 16 years old when she first had the idea to try and protect women from morethannecessary radiation during breast cancer treatmentsand now, her invention could be a game changer in the medical field.Butson, whose father works in medical physics, has always been interested in science. But she only began researching the side effects of radiation treatment after her father discussed his experience with ineffective cancer treatment in his work. Since Butson had also recently lost a relative to breast cancer, she felt inspired to conduct her own research on the subject. She tried to begin her medical research by consulting scientific journals, but she found their academic terms almost impossible to understand.She then turned to the Internet to find videos that taught how to read scientific journals. As she went deeper in her research, she stumbled_upon a key bit of information: copper (铜) has been shown to be effective at protecting skin from radiation. An idea hit this Australian teen as she was viewing a film on medieval wars in her 10th grade history class. When she saw the scale (鳞) patterns of the mail (铠甲), she was inspired to create a wearable protective tool out of copper. She then headed back online and watched videos on how to put tiny scales together. She made her own flexible scale mail which she now calls SMART (Scale Maille Armour for Radiation Therapy)When her invention was tested in a laboratory setting, it reduced surface exposure to unnecessary radiation by 75%. And now Butson is working on getting her SMART into clinical settings for use.1Why did Macinley Butson start her research?ATo assist her father with his work.BTo save her relative from cancer.CTo publish some articles in journals.DTo find effective ways to treat cancer.2What does the underlined phrase “stumbled upon” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?ACame across. BMissed.CPassed on. DRequired.3Where did Macinley Butson get inspiration for her invention?AVideos online. BScientific journals.CHistory textbooks. DSoldiers' defensive clothes.4Which of the following best describes Macinley Butson?AStubborn. BCreative.CSelfless. DConsiderate.B2020·开封市高三第一次模拟Andrew Grey doesn't fit most people's idea of an astronomer. He works in a car repair shop, not in a lab or university, yet the Australian repairman discovered a star system hiding in data from NASA's Kepler space telescope.Mr. Grey is one of millions of citizen scientists helping researchers to expand collective understanding. For centuries, only a few ordinary people had been contributing to science, but advances in technology have brought a higher level of democratization (民主化) to science.“This is a collaborative (合作的) effort that anyone could get involved in，” says Chris Lintott, an Oxford University astrophysicist (天体物理学家) and cofounder of Zooniverse, a platform that hosts dozens of citizen science projects. Citizen scientists can contribute to breakthroughs in almost any field, from ecology to astrophysics.“As long as pattern recognition is involved, there are no limits to what can become a citizen science project，” Lintott says. “Anyone can identify patterns in images, graphs, or even seemingly boring data after a short tutorial. Machine learning allows computers to do some pattern recognition. But humans, particularly amateur scientists, don't stay focused on what they're supposed to. And that's good, because people who do that notice the unusual things in a data set.”“And citizen science doesn't have to be directed by a scientist，” says Sheila Jasanoff, director of the Program on Science, Technology and Society at Harvard University. “Citizens producing knowledge in places where official organs have failed them can also be citizen scientists，” she says. That's what happened in Flint, Michigan, when a local mother started drinking water tests that caused a broader investigation of lead levels.Citizenpowered research is as old as scientific inquiry. For centuries before science became professionalized, regular people looked for patterns in the world around them. Despite a lot of advanced equipment and computer models, scientists still welcome help from everyday people.As a professional scientist himself, Lintott says, “People think that we're intelligent, but science is easy and we need your help.”5What made citizen scientists appear?AThe high level of science projects.BThe development of technology.CThe support of the government.DThe foundation of Zooniverse.6What is an advantage of humans in pattern recognition compared with machines?AHumans can identify patterns more swiftly.BHumans focus their attention on data.CHumans can observe uncommon things.DHumans have stronger emotions.7What is Lintott's attitude towards citizen science?AFavorable. BCautious.CIndifferent. DDoubtful.8What would be the best title of the text?ACitizen Scientists Can Be IntelligentBScience Is Important to EveryoneCAnyone Can Be a ScientistDScience Is Everywhere.完形填空2020·泰安市高考全真模拟题There I stood with tears in my eyes. I looked at a face which was so _1_ that I might mistake it for my own. I stared _2_ her in disbelief. It felt like a dream. I hugged her; she was real.Adopted at a very young age, I _3_ surrounded by people I loved as family. _4_， the faces weren't like mine. They were people that loved me. As I got older, the curiosity to learn more about myself took hold and didn't _5_.Who was I? Where did I come from?At the age of 21, I was given the chance to _6_ it out thanks to my adoptive parent's the process of _7_.They accompanied me to the adoption agency. Then the staff _8_ the process of finding my birth mother. But the process was _9_ and I didn't expect there would be many complex procedures. And the agency also had caution to move the procedures to ensure both parties' privacy especially _10_ my birth mother didn't choose to meet me.Months later the agency told me that my birth mother was found and that she _11_ to meet me. We were excited. My parents said my birth mother made great sacrifice as she gave me away, _12_ allowed them to support the family. Otherwise, it wouldn't have been possible on their own. I was _13_ what my birth mother might be doing and what she might look like. I created a(n) _14_ in my head.After a long process, the moment finally camewe reunited.She said she had made a(n) _15_ decision, when watching me leave with only the hope that another family could provide what she couldn't. She said she hesitated for long but knew she was right. I knew she loved me very much.1A. familiar Bugly Cold Dunclear2A. into Bto Cat Don3A. stood up Bcame up Cwarmed up Dgrew up4A. However BMeanwhile CTherefore DInstead5A. help Bstop Cincrease Darrive6A. figure Bpick Cturn Dsort7A. request Bappreciation Csupport Dforgiveness8A. delayed Bupdated Crefused Dexplained9A. important Bdiscouraging Cdifferent Dabstract10A. now that Bin case Ceven though Donly if11A. continued Bmanaged Cagreed Dhappened12A. what Bthat Cwho Dwhich13A. wondering Bconsulting Cguaranteeing Danticipating14A. schedule Bpicture Cdream Derror15A. necessary Bquick Cimpossible Ddifficult.语法填空2020·山东省聊城市高考模拟一1._ (locate)in the northeast of Italy, Venice is known as the “Floating City”. It is made up of over 100 small islands, which are connected by waterways and bridges. 2._ (fortunate), water is also putting Venice in great danger. Salt water is slowly damaging the bases of Venice's buildings. The Floating City is, in fact, sinking.More problems are caused by floods, 3._ usually hit the city each winter. But these floods could now be a thing of the past thanks to a new flood 4._ (prevent) project. Venice lies in 5._ middle of a lagoon. Rain and strong winds cause seawater to travel through the natural gaps to Venice. Dozens of gates 6._ (build) to hold back the sea until now. Each of these gates is 20 meters wide, 7._ the longest one about 30 meters long. In the event of a big rise in the water level, the gates will be raised 8._ (separate) the city from the sea.But only time will tell 9._ this project is the right solution. The important thing is that action is being taken to protect this unique city for future generations. And if it works，it means a longer, 10._ (dry) future for Venice.高考题型重组练(八).阅读理解A2020·绵阳市高中第三次诊断性考试The past few years found me working long hours at my marketing job while my husband, Steven, put in equally full days as a physics tutor. The weekends were spent photographing weddings and people. While we were able to save some money, we were both burned out from the constant tiring work.We felt the need for both renewal and vacation experiences. So, in January, we set out on a sevenmonth, crosscountry road trip to visit all 61 National Parks in the United States.Steven was ready to dive headlong into the unknown, while I, someone who enjoys more planned fun, had to adapt. I was amazed at how easily I turned to be a more relaxed version who wasn't worried where to park or sleep. We both became so accustomed to sleeping in the van, despite the foreign sound outside, which we eventually let fade into white noise.Over the course of our sevenmonth trip, several interruptions changed our route, including the government shutdown, which left the first 10 parks inaccessible. Another time, I fell ill and lost my voice right as we were heading to the Virgin Islands National Park.Positively, while we've done photography professionally for years, this trip really helped us grow in our craft. From rapidly trying to shoot dolphins to lining up panoramic (全景的) shots, this trip was a photographer's dream. I never dared go out into complete darkness to photograph the nightscape, but the views of the Milky Way we managed to shoot were well worth it.One of our big goals on this trip was to come away from each park with one spectacular image, something that pushed us both to become better artists in the process. That shared goal placed us on the same team: It brought us together, gave us more to talk about, and encouraged us to motivate each other along the way.1Why did the couple take such a trip?AThey were both out of work.BThey needed some photos of parks.CThey wanted a getaway from exhausting work.DThey wanted to make money by photographing.2What surprised the author on the trip?AThe trip was full of unexpected difficulties.BThe trip was nothing like her planned fun.CShe enjoyed her husband's way of their travel.DShe had several fights with her husband.3What failed them to visit the first 10 parks?ABad sleep in the van.BThe author's illness.CThe change of their route.DThe government shutdown.4What have the couple gained from the trip?AThey've caught some dolphins.BThey've become famous artists.CThey've bettered their relationship.DThey've got their professional photographer certificates.B2020·福建省高三毕业班质量检查测试A drug designed entirely by artificial intelligence is about to enter clinical trials for the first time. The drug, which is intended to treat obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD) (强迫症), was discovered using AI systems from Oxfordbased biotech company Exscientia. While it would usually take around four and a half years to get a drug to this stage of development, Exscientia says that by using the AI tools it's taken less than 12 months.The drug, known as DSP1181, was created by using algorithms (算法) to examine potential compounds, checking them against a huge database of parameters, including a patient's genetic factors. Speaking to the BBC, Exscientia chief executive Professor Andrew Hopkins described the trials as a “key milestone in drug discovery” and noted that there are “billions” of decisions needed to find the right molecules (分子) for a drug, making their eventual creation a “huge decision”. With AI, however, “the beauty of the algorithms is that they are unknowable, so can be applied to any disease”We've already seen multiple examples of AI being used to diagnose illness and analyze patient data, so using it to engineer drug treatment is an obvious progression of its place in medicine. But the AIcreated drugs do bring about some relevant questions. Will patients be comfortable to take medicine designed by a machine? How will these drugs differ from those developed by humans alone? Who will make the rules for the use of AI in drug research? Hopkins and his team hope that these and a great many other questions will be explored in the trials, which will begin in March.5What is special about the drug designed by AI?AIt's a better cure for OCD.BIt has no side effect on humans.CIts development takes less time.DIt doesn't need clinical trials.6Which is a key factor in creating the drug according to Paragraph 2 ?ATrials. BAlgorithms.CCompounds. DMolecules.7How does Hopkins feel about the way of drug creation?AOptimistic. BDoubtful.CDisappointed. DPuzzled.8What can be the best title for the text?AMedical Trials by AIBAn Example in Medical TrialsCA Creation in AI DevelopmentDAIdesigned Drugs to Be on Trial.七选五2020·普通高等学校招生全国统一考试The Hotel Wakeup Call Gets PersonalHere's a wakeup call: The hotel front desk will do one better than ringing your phone in the morning. They'll send an actual human being to your room. Don't worry. They won't come in and give you a good morning kiss. _1_Never mind that most travelers nowadays have smart phones with builtin alarm clocks. _2_ Here are some examples. At Wolcott Hotel, if a wakeup call is unanswered, they will send an employee to your door. At Las Ventanas al Paraiso, an employee shows up at your room to wake you up with tea, coffee and breakfast bread. At Mandarin Oriental, a person rather than an automated system will call to wake you up. _3_Hotels have always taken the wakeup call seriously. _4_ If you don't get your call within five minutes of the requested time, you won't have to pay for your room. Travelers, too, still want to have an option of a wakeup call. A study of 285 guests at Crowne Plaza found that 53% considered a wakeup call very important._5_ In the late 1980s, hotels turned to automated systems. Then all you'd get was a ring and silence. In the evercompetitive race for loyal customers, however, many hotels are now getting creative with the wakeup call. So
