2024《试吧大考卷》二轮专题闯关导练英语【新高考】阅读理解技能保分练(八).doc

2024试吧大考卷二轮专题闯关导练英语【新高考】阅读理解技能保分练(八)阅读理解技能保分练(八)词句猜测题代词猜测类A2020·普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(模拟卷)My school appeared on the news last week because we had made an important change in our local area. Our class had planted a large garden in what was once only a vacant lot. It was a lot of work but it was all worth it. I got blisters (水疱) from digging, and we all got insect bites, too.I learned a lot about gardening and collaboration (合作), and then I learned about the media. Our teacher telephoned the TV station and informed them of what we had accomplished. She spoke with the producer. The producer checked with the directors, but they said there were plenty of stories similar to ours. They wanted to know what was special about our particular garden, since many schools plant gardens.The teacher explained that, after going on the Internet to learn about the prairie (大草原), we had made a prairie garden. We had been to a prairie and gotten seeds from the plants, and then we planted them. We did not water the garden, but we did weed it. We decided to let nature water it with rain, since that was how prairies grew in the past. We sent a picture of the garden to the news station. In the picture, the grass was so high that it stood taller than the fourth grade students.As a result, the producer sent a reporter to our school. The reporter interviewed the headmaster and asked him many questions about the garden. After that, he interviewed us, and we explained to him what we had learned through this project.That night, we watched the news, and there we were. The news reporter told our story. It was only two minutes long, but it was us. We were famous. All that work, all those blisters, it was worth it. We knew that when we saw the garden every day, but now we knew that the whole city thought so, too.1What seemed to be the TV directors' initial reaction to the garden?AThey were excited. BThey were surprised.CThey were worried. DThey were uninterested.2What is special about the garden?AWeeds were allowed to spread naturally.BThe grass grew faster than common grass.CThe seeds came from the plants of a prairie.DUnderground water was used for the plants.3What does the underlined word “that” refer to in the last paragraph?AWe got blisters on our hands.BOur hard work was worthwhile.CThe garden would be famous.DThe project would be finished.4How did the author feel about the project?AAnnoyed. BCurious.CProud. DRegretful.B2020·福州高三质量检测They still bite, but new research shows lab­grown mosquitoes are fighting dengue fevera dangerous disease that they normally would spread. Dengue infections appear to be dropping fast in communities in Indonesia, Vietnam, Brazil and Australia that are filled with the specially grown mosquitoes.Researchers first injected (注射) mosquito eggs with Wolbachia bacteria that's common in insects and harmless to people in a lab. Infected females then pass the bacteria on through their eggs. Releasing enough Wolbachia carriers, both the females that bite and the males that don't, allows mating (交配) to spread the bacteria through a local mosquito population.Rather than using chemicals to wipe out pests, “this is really about transforming the mosquito，” said Cameron Simmons of the non­profit World Mosquito Program, which is conducting the research.The first success came from Australia. Starting in 2011, mosquitoes carrying Wolbachia were released in parts of North Queensland, and gradually spread through the local mosquito population. Dengue is spread when a mosquito bites someone who is infected, and then bites another person, but somehow Wolbachia blocks thatand local spread has nearly disappeared in those North Queensland communities, Simmons said.The studies are continuing in other countries. But the findings, presented at a meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, suggest it's possible to turn at least some mosquitoes from a public health threat into annoying biters.The work marks “exciting progress”， said Michigan State University professor Zhiyong Xi, who wasn't involved in the project but has long studied how Wolbachia can turn mosquitoes against themselves.More research is needed, specialists cautioned. “The results are pretty excitingstrong levels of reductionsbut there clearly are going to be things to be learned from the areas where the reductions are not as great，” said Penn State University professor Elizabeth McGraw.5What can we learn about the lab­grown mosquitoes?AThey lose the ability to bite people.BThey become harmful to human beings.CThey carry dangerous Wolbachia bacteria.DThey spread Wolbachia bacteria by mating.6What does the underlined word “that” refer to in Paragraph 4?AThe bite from a mosquito.BThe local community.CThe spread of dengue.DThe infected person.7What does the last paragraph suggest?AThis research proves a complete success.BScientists agree on this research.CThere is still room for improvement.DMosquitoes turn themselves against harmful ones.8What is the best title for the text?ABacteria­infected Mosquitoes Bite Deadly DengueBTransform Mosquitoes into Annoying BitersCFight Against Mosquitoes with WolbachiaDHarmless Mosquitoes Are on Their WayC20192020·西安五校高三联考Would you help a trapped robot? Some rats would. They can form social bonds with robots and will even rescue a robot rat that is trapped in a cage.Rats need to be highly attuned (熟悉) to social signals from others so they can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid. To find out if this extends to lifeless things, Laleh Quinn at the University of California, San Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robot rats.They housed eight adult rats with a robot rat for four days. The robot rat resembled a large version of a computer mouse with wheels to move around and colorful markings. During the experiment, the social robot rat followed the living rats around, played with the same toys, and opened cage doors to let trapped rats escape.Next, the researchers trapped the social robot in a cage and gave the rats the chance to set it free by pressing a lever (杠杆). Across 18 trials each, the living rats were likely to set the social robot free. “This suggests the rats viewed the social robot as a real social being，” says Quinn.“The rats may have bonded with the social robot because it showed behavior like communal (共有的) exploring and playing. This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier, and wanting the robot to return the favor when they get trapped，” says she.The robot was the same size as a regular rat. “We'd assumed we'd have to give it a moving head and tail, facial features, and put a smell on it to make it smell like a real rat, but that wasn't necessary，” says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia, who helped with the research. “The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social signals, even when they come from robots.”9What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AThe sensitivity of rats to social signals.BThe rats' approach to identifying friends.CThe ability of rats to avoid enemies.DThe willingness of rats to talk with robots.10What is the robot rat in the experiment like?AIts smell is the same as a real rat's.BIt looks like a big computer mouse.CIts head and tail can move naturally.DIt can behave and think like humans.11Why did the living rats set the social robot free according to Laleh Quinn?ATo make friends with it in the future.BTo return the favor they got from it.CTo view it as a real living rat.DTo get access to its help someday.12What can be a suitable title for the text?ARobots Have Social Skills like AnimalsBRats Are Fond of Robots like HumansCRats Can Bond with Social RobotsDRobots Are Able to Send Social Signals阅读理解技能保分练(九)词句猜测题句意猜测类A2020·湖北八校第一次联考I arrived at my Chinese classroom, ready to share my vast knowledge and experience with the 75 students. Having taught in the USA for 17 years, I had no worry at all about my ability to plant enthusiasm for the literature of my mother tongue in my students' mind.I was really shocked when the monitor shouted “Stand up” and the entire class rose as I entered the room, and I was somewhat confused and anxious about how to get them to sit down again, but once that embarrassment was over, I quickly calmed down and launched into what I thought was a fact­packed lecture. After class, I was sure of gaining their respectperhaps even their admiration. I went back to my room with a glow of pleasure that came from a sense of significant accomplishment.My students kept journals, however, and as I read them, the pleasure was gradually replaced by an overwhelming sense of frustration. The first journal said, “Our literature teacher didn't teach us anything today. Perhaps her next lecture will be better.” Heartbroken, I read journal after journal, each expressing a similar theme. “Didn't teach them anything? I sketched the entire philosophical framework of the thought and the historical background for all the works we would study in class.” I complained, “How can they say I didn't teach them anything？”Determined_to_clear_myself,_I dug out all my reference books, adding background material to my next lecture, researching into the sociological setting and even the psychological state of the author. After the second class, I eagerly opened the journals, expecting positive reviews. Again, I was crushed by their continuing comments that I was going too slowly without giving meaningful details.More determined than ever, I dived into sources of criticism, deciding to devote more time to the texts by providing summaries of all the interpretations I could find. This material would give my students ample information for drawing their own conclusions about the works' meaning. “Our teacher seemed confused about the real meaning of the works，”the journals said. “One minute she gave one interpretation; the next minute she gave another. Then she asked for our opinions. We're the students. She's the teacher. She should tell us what the works mean.”It was a long semester, and it gradually became clear to me that my ideas about education were purely Western, and that Chinese ideas differed significantly. I thought a teacher's job was to raise interesting questions and provide enough background information so that students could draw their own conclusions. My students thought a teacher's job was to provide accurate information as directly and concisely as possible. Americans wanted to interpret and experience things. The Chinese wanted to master and memorize things.1. How did the writer feel before she began her teaching in China?AWorried. BConfident.CDisappointed. DConfused.2What might be the reason why the writer was shocked when the monitor shouted “Stand up”？AThe students intended to scare their new foreign teacher.BThe students refused to stand up before their new foreign teacher.CThe writer was a little shy and felt embarrassed when she entered the classroom.DThe writer didn't know much about the Chinese classroom and that was totally unexpected.3What does the writer mean by saying “Determined to clear myself” in Para.4?AShe wanted to better understand the students' question.BShe wanted to prove her ability in teaching the course.CShe was a little bit angry with the students.DShe was very disappointed with herself.4Which of the following might the writer agree with?AChinese and Western ideas about education are slightly different.BA teacher's job is to make students think and have their own opinions.CTeaching is to provide accurate information directly and clearly.DBoth Americans and the Chinese tend to draw conclusions by themselves.B2020·江西省五校协作体高三模拟I took a motor rickshaw (人力车；黄包车) to the train station in the city of Belapur. The driver didn't speak much English, but understood, “Belapur Railway Station.” I had my tabla, a traditional drum from India, my suitcase with my clothes and other essentials. The feeling of flying by cars in this little machine is: as if you are inside a box with tiny wheels, dashing through disorderly traffic.I arrived at the station safely, and took a heavy breath as I unloaded my baggage before the ticket office. It was the first time that I had taken a local train to Tilak Nagar, where I was going to learn traditional vocal music. Standing in line, I counted at least 20 people staring at me. I bought my ticket, which was only 55 cents for a 20­minute train ride. The_prices_still_blow_me_away.When the train came after 15 minutes or so, I got on at full speed, as the train only stopped for a few seconds. The locals again stared at me. This was a train especially for local transport. After a while, a young man asked me if he could talk to me. He wanted to know if I was in a band. I stated no, but I love to play the tabla. Through the conversation I knew he was a student of engineering with his exams being tomorrow, I wished him good luck for the exams sincerely, as I knew what it means to Indian students to get good marks on their exams. If students do not get good enough scores, job opportunities will be few in a highly competitive environment.The student I met helped me unload my luggage as the train reached Tilak Nagar Station. He shook my hand strongly and looked into my eyes with the mark of genuine kindness, despite us meeting for only 20 minutes.5How did the author feel about the ride by a motor rickshaw?AWorthless. BWorrying.CCommon. DExpensive.6What does the underlined part mean in the passage?AThe train ticket cost him too much.BIt was quite cheap to take the train.CThe train was so convenient for him.DIt was unusual to take a train there.7What can we know about the young man mentioned in the passage?AHe wanted to learn to play the tabla from the author.BHe was going to a university to learn vocal music.CHe would take his examinations seriously.DHe wished to find a job in Tilak Nagar.8What is the author's purpose of writing the passage?ATo tell readers he got to know an Indian young man.BTo imply it was unsafe to travel alone in India.CTo complain about the messy and dirty Indian train.DTo share his first time on a train in India.C2020·福州市高中毕业班质量检测There is a picture: A polar bear is lying lifeless on a beach. On the shore, in the background, stand three guards, talking to each other. One of them has a deadly weapon hanging casually on his shoulder. This powerful image has made people question the motivation for this kind of tourism, or ecotourism. Does our proximity (接近) to large animals in the wild, frequently fueled