考点12 阅读理解之细节理解（原卷版）.docx

优点英语考点12 阅读理解之细节理解Part 1 题型详解：细节理解考点是高考中的必考点，这类题型主要考查考生通过阅读文章理解文本中的具体事实和相关细节，并获取直接信息。预测在2024高考中，直接信息题会在广告信息文章中和记叙文、说明文中的部分试题中呈现。Part 2 常见设问方式：题干中会出现when/why/how/what/which等相关的提问Part 3 解题方法指导:1. 根据题干关键词精准定位原文信息2. 保证题干、文本和选项之间的信息对应与匹配3. 关注同义词替换，同根词Part 4 真题检测:2023年北京卷英语真题The International Olympic Committee(IOC)Young Leaders programme empowers talents to make a positive difference in their communities through sport. Twenty-five Young Leaders are being selected every two years for a four-year period. They promote the Olympic values, spreading the message of sport for good.To be an IOC Young Leader, you need to first complete the 4-Week Learning Sprint (冲刺).4-Week Learning SprintThe 4-Week Learning Sprint, which will take place during November 2023, is a virtual learning programme. The sessions can be attended live or watched back after they are made available on the IOC channel. Each week, participants will be asked to complete a topicspecific reflection task.The 4-Week Learning Sprint is open to anyone, with the target audience aged between 20 and 28.After successfully completing the 4-Week Learning Sprint, you will need to submit a plan for a sportbased project, which you will work on if selected as an IOC Young Leader.Requirements for the ApplicantsYou have successfully completed the 4-Week Learning Sprint.You have completed your high school studies.You have at least one year of work experience.You have strong public speaking skills.You are self-motivated and committed.You are passionate about creating positive change in your community.You are open to being coached and advised by experts and peers (同伴).You are able to work with people from different backgrounds.1In the 4-Week Learning Sprint, participants will _.Acreate change in their communityBattend a virtual learning programmeCmeet people from different backgroundsDpromote the IOC Young Leaders project2If selected as an IOC Young Leader, one will need to _.Acomplete a reflection task each weekBwatch sports on the IOC channelCwork on a sport-based projectDcoach and advise their peers3Which is a requirement for the applicants?ASpreading the message of sport for good.BHaving at least one-year work experience.CShowing great passion for project planning.DCommitting themselves to becoming an expert.2023年北京卷英语真题Sitting in the garden for my friends birthday. I felt a buzz (振动) in my pocket. My heart raced when I saw the email senders name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than expected.” It ended with “We are sorry to inform you” and my vision blurred (模糊). The positionmeasuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research programme had felt like the answer I had spent years looking for.I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying, and I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career.So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shockedand overjoyedwhen she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. What she proposed didnt seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all.I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely. That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didnt. In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue.When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired research direction. And I applied with the same anxious excitement as before. When I was rejected from one that had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undoubtedly difficult. But this time I had the perspective (视角) to keep it from sending me into panic. It helped that in the end I was accepted into one of the other programmes I was also excited about.Rather than setting plans in stone, Ive learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they dont sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them.5After talking with Professor Devon, the author decided to _.Acriticise the review processBstay longer in the Sahara DesertCapply to the original project againDput his heart and soul into the lab work2023年全国甲卷英语真题Where to Eat in BangkokBangkok is a highly desirable destination for food lovers. It has a seemingly bottomless well of dining options. Here are some suggestions on where to start your Bangkok eating adventure.NahmOffering Thai fine dining. Nahm provides the best of Bangkok culinary (烹饪的) experiences. Its the only Thai restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the worlds 50 best restaurants list. Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for his London-based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.Issaya Siamese ClubIssaya Siamese Club is internationally known Thai chef Ian Kittichais first flagship Bangkok restaurant. The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods.Bo.lanBo.lan has been making waves in Bangkoks culinary scene since it opened in 2009. Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere, the restaurant is true to Thai cuisines roots, yet still manages to add a special twist. This place is good for a candle-lit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food. For those extremely hungry, theres a large set menu.GagganEarning first place on the latest “Asias 50 best restaurants” list, progressive Indian restaurant Gaggan is one of the most exciting venues (场所) to arrive in Bangkok in recent years. The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action. Culinary theater at its best.8What do Nahm and Issaya Siamese Club have in common?AThey adopt modern cooking methods.BThey have branches in London.CThey have top-class chefs.DThey are based in hotels.9Which restaurant offers a large set menu?AGaggan.BBo. lan.CIssaya Siamese Club.DNahm.10What is special about Gaggan?AIt hires staff from India.BIt puts on a play every day.CIt serves hard-to-find local dishes.DIt shows the cooking process to guests.2023年全国甲卷英语真题 Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A days work was rewarded with £5 in pocket money. She says: “Im sure I wasnt much of a help to start with, painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and it was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.”Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “Ive moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures, so, its been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when Ive moved out.”With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around £823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifths wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.13How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented?ABy making it look like before.BBy furnishing it herself.CBy splitting the rent with a roommate.DBy cancelling the rental agreement.14What trend in DIY does the research show?AIt is becoming more costly.BIt is getting more time-consuming.CIt is turning into a seasonal industry.DIt is gaining popularity among females.阅读理解C篇（说明文）-2023年高考英语真题I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarders Sophies World. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy (哲学).That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college. Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than people who think they understand Foucault, Baudrillard, or Confucius better than you and then try to explain them.Eric Weiners The Socrates Express: In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened my love for philosophy. It is not an explanation, but an invitation to think and experience philosophy.Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosophers work in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor. Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in history, and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding (解读) their messages and adding his own interpretation.The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. The invitation is clear: Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book. I encourage you to take his offer. Its worth your time, even if time is something we dont have a lot of.15Who opened the door to philosophy for the author?AFoucault.BEric Weiner.CJostein Gaarder.DA college teacher.17What does the author like about The Socrates Express?AIts views on history are well-presented.BIts ideas can be applied to daily life.CIt includes comments from readers.DIt leaves an open ending.2023年新课标全国卷英语真题The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide its right for you.To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many peoples digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.In the final chapter of part one, Ill guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, Ill draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. Youll hear these participants stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.25What is the book aimed at?ATeaching critical thinking skills.BAdvocating a simple digital lifestyle.CSolving philosophical problems.DPromoting the use of a digital device.2023年新课标全国卷英语真题Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillos students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now theyre eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the programs benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillos special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”29What do we know about Abby Jaramillo?AShe used to be a health worker.BShe grew up in a low-income family.CShe owns a fast food restaurant.DShe is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.2023年新课标全国卷英语真题As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you