人教高中英语【新教材精创】5.3 Discovering Useful Structure 课件（2）-人教版高中英语必修第三册(共40张PPT).pptx

人教版英人教版英语语 必修第必修第三三册册Period 3 Discovering Useful StructurePeriod 3 Discovering Useful Structure Unit 5 The Value of MoneyUnit 5 The Value of MoneyModal Verbs&The Future Past Tense-Part A Mordal Verbs Accordingtheliteralinterpretationofmodalverbs,wecanknowthatitsdefinitionis:Modalverbsmeansthespeakerstone,emotionorattitudetosomekindofactionandstate,expressingrequirement,obligation,intentionandsoon.Definition of modal verbs望文生义，情态动词表示说话人对某一动作和状态的情感态度和语气,表示“需要、应当、可以、必须等。Kind of modal verbs原形原形过去式去式词义canmaymustwillshallcould能；能够might无wouldshould可以；可能必须；一定是将(要)；愿意应该原形原形过去式去式词义needdarehavetooughttousedto无需要；必要daredhadto无无敢；敢于不得不；必须应该过去常常Underlinethemodalverbsinthefollowingsentencesandunderstanditsdefinitionandfunctions.Functions of modal verbs1.Roderick:Youngman,wouldyoustepinsideamoment,please?(表_)2.Rodercik:Ifyoudontmind,mayIaskyouhowmuchmoneyyouhave?(表_)3.Henry:Itmayseemluckytoyou.Nowifyoullexcuseme,Ioughttobeonmyway.(表_)(表_)4.Roderick:Youmustntthinkwedontcareaboutyou.(表_)_委婉请求委婉请求推测委婉请求推测_Functions of modal verbs5.Mayyouhavegoodjourney!(表_)Summary:情态动词表示_，_、_、建议、意愿、禁止等。委婉请求祝愿推测_祝愿1不能单独作_，除oughtto和usedto以外，后面只能接不带to的不定式2没有_和_的变化。但有些情态动词，如can，will，dare有一般时和过去时的变化。3情态动词的“时态”的形式并不是区分时间的主要标志。不少情况下，情态动词的现在时形式和过去时形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间或将来时间Basic usage of modal verbs谓语人称数1can和和couldMore about modal verbs(1)表示能力，常译为“_”例如：IcanspeakJapanese。butIcantwriteit我会说日语，但是不会写(2)表示允许，常译为“_”；could还可以表示更加委婉地请求或许可例如：一CanCouldIhavealookatyourphotos?我可以看看你的照片吗?一Ofcourseyoucan当然可以了。Youcansmokeinthisroom.你可以在这间屋子里吸烟。能，会可以1can和和couldMore about modal verbs(3)表示对现在或过去情况的_，只用_或_中例如：一Canshebeintheclassroom?她可能在教室吗?一NO，shecantbeinit不，她不可能在教室里。Canwhathesaidbetrue?他说的可能是真的吗?(4)用于肯定的陈述旬中，表示理论上或习惯上的可能性。例如：Accidentscanhappenatanytime事故随时会发生Itcouldbeveryinterestingtogooutforadrive出去开车兜风可能会很有趣(could比can的可能性小)推测疑问句否定句1can和和couldMore about modal verbs 辨析辨析 can(could)/be able to(1)can只有_时和_时could而beableto则有更多的时态变化，在将来时，完成时和非谓语动词中只能用beableto。(2)can一般指_。而beableto则表示经过一段时间的_后所具有的能力，相当于_或succeedindoing。例如：Thistimelfailedintheexam,butI11beabletopasstheexamnexttime这次我考试不及格但下次我能考试及格(经过努力)现在过去自身具有的能力努力managetodo2.maymightMore about modal verbs(1)表示许可或征询对方许可，常译成“_”。表示征询许可时，may可与cancould换用might比may的语气更委婉一些对其一般疑问句的肯定回答可用_或_否定回答时要用_或_表示“不可以”“禁止”之意例如：Youmaygohomenow现在你可以回家了一May1comein?我可以进来吗?一Yes，you_.进来。一No,you_你不能。可以maymustntcantcanmustntmaycanmustntcant2.maymightMore about modal verbs(2)may常用于祈使句中表示_例如：Mayyousucceed!祝你成功!MayGodblessyoul!愿上帝保佑你!(3)表示对现在或过去情况的推测，一般只用于肯定句中，maynot表示“_”之意。might比may可能性小Hemaybeverybusynow他现在可能很忙一Whyhasnthecome?他为什么还没来?一Hemayhavemissedthetrain.他可能没赶上火车吧祝愿可能不3will/wouldMore about modal verbs(1)表示请求、建议，用于第_人称疑问匀中would比will语气更委婉。例如：Willyoucallbacklaterplease?请过一会儿再打过来好吗?Wouldyoulikeacupofcoffee?你想来杯咖啡吗?(2)表示意志、愿望和决心，有“_”之意would表示过去的_和_。例如：Iwilldomybesttohelpyou我愿尽我最大努力帮助你(3)表示习惯性动作或某种倾向。would表示过去习惯性的动作或倾向第二愿；要意愿决心3will/wouldMore about modal verbsOilwillfloatonwater油总是浮在水上OnSundayhewouldgototheparktoplaychess以前每到星期天他总是到公园去下棋(4)(表示功用或能力)能。Theroomwillseat100persons这个屋子能坐下100人。Thedoorwontopen这门打不开Exercise:用用may,might,can,could 填空填空Functions of modal verbs1.They(can/might)_beawayfortheweekendbutImnotsure.(表_)2.You(may/might)_leavenowifyouwish.(表_)3.(could/may)_youopenthewindowabit,please?(表_)4.He(can/could)_befromAmerica,judgingbyhisaccent.(表_)5.(may/can)_ouswim?(表_)might推测许可请求能力能力maycouldcouldcanExercise:用用may,might,can,could 填空填空Functions of modal verbs6.Listen,please.You(maynot/mightnot)_speakduringthisexam.(表_)7.They(cannot/maynot)_stillbeout,thelightisoninthehouse.(表_)8.You(couldnt/mightnot)_smokeonthebus.(表_)9.Withluck,tomorrow(can/could)_beacoolerday.(表_)10.You(can/might)_beright,butImgoingbacktocheckit.(表_)maynot不允许推测，不可能cannotcouldnt许可could推测might推测4shallshouldMore about modal verbs(1)shall用于_、_人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。例如：Whatshallwedothisevening?我们今晚干什么呢?Whenshallhebeabletoleavethehospital?他什么时间能离开医院?(2)shall用于_、_人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。例如：Youshallfailifyoudontworkhard如果你不努力学习你会考试不及格(警告)Youshallnotleaveyourpost你不得离开岗位。(命令)第二第二第三第一4shallshouldMore about modal verbsHeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishreadingit当我读完这本书时他可以拿走(允许)Heshallbepunished他将受到惩罚(威胁)(3)should表示劝告、建议、命令，其同义词是_；在疑问句中，通常用should代替oughtto，意为“应该”。(还常用于虚拟语气中)例如：Youshouldnthaveleftsosoon.你不应当走得这么早Salsuggestedthatweshouldgoforaswim萨尔建议我们去游泳oughtto4shallshouldMore about modal verbs(4)should表示推测，可能。这种推测往往有一定的根据。含有“按道理应当”之意。例如：Theyshouldbeathomebynowfortheyhavebeenawayfortwohours现在他们该到家了，因为他们离开两个小时了Ifthetrainisontime，sheshouldarriveinBeijingbyseven如果火车准点的话，她应该7点前到达北京。5mustcantMore about modal verbs(1)must表示“_”用于一般疑问句中，肯定回答用_。否定回答要用_或_。例如：_wehandinourexercisetoday?我们必须今天上交练习吗?Yes,you_是的，你们必须。一No,you_不，你们不必。(2)mustnt表示“_”。例如：Youmustntlendthenewbooktoothers你不许把这本新书借给别人。必须；必要mustdonthavetoMustmustntmustneedntdonthaveto不允许；禁止 5mustcantMore about modal verbs(3)有时must表示“偏要；硬要；偏偏”，指做令人不快的事情。例如：Mustyoushoutsoloudly?你非要这么大声嚷嚷吗?(4)must表示推测时。只能用于肯定句，意为“_”。作此解时，must的否定形式不是mustnt而是_。例如：一Ithinkthenews_true我想这个消息一定是真的一No，it_true不，它肯定不是真的。一定；肯定cant/couldntmustbecantbeExercise:用用will,would,shall,should,must 填空填空Functions of modal verbs1.We_smokehere,becausetheworkeriscarryingsomepetrol.(表_)2.Itisdangerous.You_leavetheroomimmediately.(表_)3.He_gohikingwithfriendsatweekendswhenyoung.(表_)4.Writetomewhenyougethome.-I_.(表_)mustnt禁止建议，命令would意愿should过去习惯willExercise:用用will,would,shall,should,must 填空填空Functions of modal verbs5.-NeedIhandinmyexercisebookatonce?-Yes,you_.(表_)6.Youhavebeenworkingallday.You_beverytired.(表_)7.Itisalongtimesincewemetlasttime.You_comeandseeusmoreoften.(表_)8.Whydontyoutryonthisdress?It_lookniceonyou.(表_)must必须推测mustshould建议will将会 6needMore about modal verbs(1)用作情态动词,need意为“_”,一般用于否定句或疑问句中。疑问句中把need提前,否定形式是在need后加not。Youneedntcomeherethisafternoon.你今天下午不必来。(2)用作实意动词,意为“需要,有必要”,可以用于各种句式中。Youdontneedtogonow.你不必现在就走。需要,有必要7dareMore about modal verbs(1)dare作情态动词时,常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中,过去式形式为_。HowdareyousayImunfair?你怎么敢说我不公平?HedarentspeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,darehe?他不敢在这么多人面前说英语,是吗?(2)dare作实义动词用时,有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中,dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中,dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。Hedoesntdare(to)answer.他不敢回答。daredExercise:用用need,dare 填空填空Functions of modal verbs1.MustIstayhere?No,you_.2.You_notbetoldtwiceaboutonesinglething.3.Sarahdoesnt_handinhertaskrightnow.4.How_youfightagainsthim?5.Noone_sayhehadnothingon.6.I_toswimacrossthisriverneedntneeddareneeddaredare8.情情态动词+have doneMore about modal verbs(1)can(could)+havedone的疑问或否定形式表示对_发生的行为的_或_，另外couldhavedone还表示“_”。例如：Hecantcouldnthavefinishedsomuchworkinsoshortatime他不可能在这么短的时间内完成如此多的工作。Wherecancouldtheyhavegone?他们会到哪去了呢?WecouldhavegonethereonfootAtaxiwasntnecessaryata11本来我们可以走着去那儿根本没有必要乘出租车过去怀疑否定过去本能够做，但实际上未做8.情情态动词+have doneMore about modal verbs(2)may(might)+havedone表示对过去所发生事情的推测，表示“_”。例如：Hemayhavesaidso他可能这么说过。Thatwastoodangerous。Youmighthavekilledyourself那太危险了。你当时可能会丧命的(3)should+havedone表示过去“_”，而shouldnt+havedone表示过去“_”Youshouldhavestartedearlier你本应该早点动身。Youshouldnthavelenthimmoneyyesterday昨天你本不该把钱借给他。可能做过.本应该做而实际上未做本不应泼做但实际上做了8.情情态动词+have doneMore about modal verbs(4)must+havedone表示对过去发生情况的肯定推测，表示“_”例如：Itmusthaverainedlastnight昨晚肯定下雨了一定做过.Modal Verbs&The Future Past Tense-Part B The Future Past Tense Accordingtotheliteralinterpretation,thedefinitionofthefuturepasttenseis:Theactionorstatewouldtakeplaceorhappenafteracertainpasttimepoint,whichisoftenusedintheobjectiveclause.Definition of the future past tense望文生义，过去将来时表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用在宾语从句中。1.would/should+do2.was/were going to+do3.was/were about to+do4.was/were to+do5.was/were+doing Structure of the future past tenseOtherforms:肯定结构否定结构一般疑问结构特殊疑问结构1.would/should+doStructure of the future past tense2.Was/weregoingtodo1.wouldnt/shouldnt+do2.wasnt/werentgoingtodo1.Would/Should主主语语do2.Was/Were主主语语goingtodo1.特殊疑特殊疑问词问词would/should主主语语do2.特殊疑特殊疑问词问词was/were主主语语goingtodoStructure of the future past tenseShewouldnotgowithus.（否定句）Wouldshenotgowithus?(一般疑问句）Whatwouldbetheirideas?(特殊疑问句）ShewasgoingtoBeijing.（否定句）Weretheygoingtolaunchthesatelliteafterthataccident?(一般疑问句）WhatwasSalgoingtodoiftheyansweredhisrequirement?(特殊疑问句）Meaning of the future past tense1.过去将来时表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用在_从句中。一般由“_”构成。Shehopedthattheywouldmeetagainsomeday.她希望将来有一天他们能再见面。2.“_”:表示过去将要发生或很有可能发生的动作,常用于口语中,表示预言、意图或者打算等。Hewasgoingtostartworkthefollowingweek.他打算下星期开始工作。宾语would/should+动词原形was/were going to+动词原形Meaning of the future past tense3.“_”:常用来表示即将发生的动作,“_”。注意该结构不与任何_连用。Ifeltthatsomethingterriblewasabouttohappen.我感到某种可怕的事情即将发生。4.“_”:表示“曾计划做某事”,如果表示“本来计划做某事,动作没实现”,则需用“_”。Shesaidshewastohavetoldmeabouttheaccident.她说她本来想告诉我关于事故的事。was/were about to do刚要/正要做时间状语was/were to dowas/were to have doneMeaning of the future past tense5.Start,go,come,leave,see,meet等动词的过去进行时:表示就过去某一时刻而言即将发生的动作。Shewascominglater.她随后就来。Ihadjustputonmyovercoatandwasleavingtovisitafriendofmine.我刚穿上外套要去看我的一个朋友。Exercise:Completethesentenceswiththecorrectforms.1.Shesaidthebus_(leave)atfivethenextmorning.2.Iwasntsurewhetherhe_(lend)mehisbookthenextmorning.3.Atthattimehedidnotknowthatquittingthejob_(become)theturningpointinhislife.4.Hesaidhe_(visit)Chinathenextweek.5.Inhisintroduction,hemadeitclearthatourcredits_(be)hard-earned.wasleavingwouldlendwastobecomewasgoingtovisitwouldbeMeaning of the future past tenseHomeworkFinishtheitemsonPage54.Thank you!