【课件】Unit+3Discovering+Useful+Structures+课件人教版(2019)必修第二册.pptx
Unit3TUnit3TheheI InternetnternetDiscovering Useful Structure现现在在完完成成时时的的构构成成现现在在完完成成时时的的概概念念现现在在完完成成时时的的被被动动语语态态被被动动语语态态的的注注意意事事项项1 12 23 34 4C Co on nt te en nt ts s现现 在在 完完 成成 时时 的的 构构 成成PART01PART01现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成have/has+done当主语是当主语是_用用hashas 当主语是当主语是_用用havehavedonedone在现在完成时中叫在现在完成时中叫_，原型是，原型是do/doesdo/does第三人称单数第三人称单数其他人称其他人称过去分词过去分词现现 在在 完完 成成 时时 的的 概概 念念PART02PART021.1.表示表示表示表示 开始，一直持续到开始，一直持续到开始，一直持续到开始，一直持续到 的动作。的动作。的动作。的动作。过去过去过去过去现在现在现在现在forfor:后接一段时间后接一段时间，如，如three years,a long timethree years,a long timee.g.I have known you e.g.I have known you for for a long timea long time.sincesince:自从自从 后接过去的时间点后接过去的时间点/动作动作e.g.I have not seen him e.g.I have not seen him since since we met we met last week.last week.AB常用的时间状语有：“forfor”and“”and“sincesince”for+for+时间段时间段(译为：译为：时间时间)since+since+since+since+过去一个时间点过去一个时间点过去一个时间点过去一个时间点(译为：自从译为：自从译为：自从译为：自从以来以来以来以来)since+since+since+since+从句从句从句从句(一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时)Itis/hasbeen+Itis/hasbeen+Itis/hasbeen+Itis/hasbeen+时间段时间段时间段时间段+since+since+since+since+从句从句从句从句(过去时过去时过去时过去时)2.2.表示表示表示表示 发生的或发生的或发生的或发生的或 的动作对的动作对的动作对的动作对 造成的造成的造成的造成的 。PastPastpresentpresent过去过去过去过去已完成已完成已完成已完成现在现在现在现在影响或结果影响或结果影响或结果影响或结果e.g.I have e.g.I have justjust opened the door.opened the door.(The door is not closed now.）常与不确定的时间状语不确定的时间状语不确定的时间状语不确定的时间状语连用，如:these days,up to now,by now,lately,already,never,ever,just,yet,these days,up to now,by now,lately,already,never,ever,just,yet,before,recently,so far,in the before,recently,so far,in the past few yearspast few years等 Jane and Mike Jane and Mike have readhave read Harry Potter Harry Potter many timesmany times.Mike Mike has been has been to Disneyland to Disneyland twicetwice.发生过若干次发生过若干次发生过若干次发生过若干次3.3.现在完成时用于谈现在完成时用于谈现在完成时用于谈现在完成时用于谈论论论论_的事情的事情的事情的事情.never,twice,three times,many timesnever,twice,three times,many timesIt is the first/second time that.It is the first/second time that.等等常用的时间状语有：常用的时间状语有：1 12 2已经已经/刚刚刚刚already，yet，just从不从不/曾经曾经/之前之前never/ever/before 自从自从since+过去的过去的时间时间点点for+一段时间一段时间一段时间以来一段时间以来in the last few days.in the past few years最近，近来最近，近来lately,recently,in recent years到目前为止到目前为止so far,up to now,by now，to date，until/till now次数次数twice；several timesIt is the first/second time that.现现在在完完成成时时态态常常见见的的时时间间状状语语现在完成时的结构形式现在完成时的结构形式现在完成时现在完成时(Active Voice)肯定式肯定式 have/has done否定式否定式 have/has not done一般疑问句一般疑问句 have/has+主主+done？特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 疑问词疑问词+have/has+主主+done？13Translate them into English.1.你以前做过风筝吗你以前做过风筝吗?2.2.我从来没有见过这么奇怪的人我从来没有见过这么奇怪的人3.3.到目前为止你学了多少英语单词到目前为止你学了多少英语单词?4.4.这部电影他已经看过这部电影他已经看过5 5遍了遍了.5.5.最近有没有读一些有趣的书最近有没有读一些有趣的书?6.6.自从她搬到上海以后自从她搬到上海以后,我就没见过她我就没见过她.Haveyoumadeakitebefore?Iveneverseensuchastrangeman.HowmanyEnglishwordshaveyoulearnedsofar?Hehasalreadyseenthisfilm5times.Haveyoureadanyinterestingbooksrecently?IhaventmethersinceshemovedtoShanghai.现现在在完完成成时时的的被被动动语语态态PART03PART03Passive Voiceof Present Perfect TensePART02PART02Observe and summarize（1）Tomsnovelhasnotbeenpublished.（2）Theexperimenthasbeendonesuccessfully.（3）Howlonghasthisfilmbeenshown?（4）Hashisbikebeenrepaired?现在现在完成完成时时的被动语态的被动语态1.肯定形式为肯定形式为:_2否定形式为否定形式为:_3一般疑问句式为：一般疑问句式为：_4特殊疑问句式为：特殊疑问句式为：_主语主语+have/has been done主语主语+have/has not been doneHave/Has主语主语been done疑问词疑问词have/has+主语主语been doneThefirstsubwaytocrosstheYangtzeRiver_.第一条横穿长江的地铁已经开工。(肯定式)Whenandwheretospendourholiday_yet.我们还没决定何时去何地度假。(否定式)_theconstructionoftheunderwatertunnel_?水下隧道的建造完工了吗?(一般疑问式)_partsofGansuProvince_bystrongwindsandheavysnowfallinthepasttwodays?在过去的两天里,甘肃省的什么地方受到了大风和大雪侵袭?(特殊疑问式)has been startedhasnt been decided Has been finished What have been hit 被被 动动 语语 态态 的的 注注 意意 事事 项项PART04PART04Eg：Great changes have been taken place in my hometown recently.Eg:After the traffic accident,no one was survived except a person who was badly injured.1.不及物动词和不及物动词短语，没有被动语态不及物动词和不及物动词短语，没有被动语态，rise,happen,take place,break out,come about,survive,remain,last,die,disappear,end,fail,belong to,consist of.2.虽然一般说来只有及物动词才有被动语态，但许多虽然一般说来只有及物动词才有被动语态，但许多“不及物动词不及物动词+副词或介词副词或介词”构成的短语动词，相当于及物动词，也可以有被动语态，但变被动语态后，不可构成的短语动词，相当于及物动词，也可以有被动语态，但变被动语态后，不可把介词或副词漏掉。把介词或副词漏掉。laugh at,operate on,listen to,look after,take care of,think of,talk about,hand in,catch sight of,make use of,pay attention to,turn on Eg：My sister will be taken care of by grandma.The patient is being operated on now.The radio was turned on by him just now.e.g.这本书借了一周了。这本书借了一周了。The book has been kept for a week.这辆自行车我买了一年了。这辆自行车我买了一年了。I have had this bike for a year.The bike has been had for a year.3.borrow,begin,start,buy,marry,open,join等非延续性动词的现等非延续性动词的现在完成时的被动语态在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达。若要表达相应的意思，需要改变动词或时态。相应的意思，需要改变动词或时态。1、一般现在时：、一般现在时：is/am/are+done Our classroom is cleaned every day.我们教室每天都被打扫。我们教室每天都被打扫。2、一般过去时：、一般过去时：was/were+done A new shop was built last year.去年修了一座新商店。去年修了一座新商店。3、一般将来时的被动语态构成：、一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+be done A new hospital will be built in our city.我们城市将要修建一家新医院。我们城市将要修建一家新医院。4、现在进行时的被动语态构成：、现在进行时的被动语态构成：am/is/are+being done My bike is being repaired by Tom now.王叔叔正在修理我的自行车。王叔叔正在修理我的自行车。5、过去进行时的被动语态构成：、过去进行时的被动语态构成：was/were+being done The new road was being made.这条新路正在修筑这条新路正在修筑。6、现在完成时的被动语态构成：现在完成时的被动语态构成：has/have+been done This book has been translated into many languages.这本书被翻译成多种文字。这本书被翻译成多种文字。7、过去过去完成时的被动语态构成：完成时的被动语态构成：had+been done The claasroom had been cleaned before the teacher came.各种时态的被动语态各种时态的被动语态1.Whenyougetthepapersback,payspecialattentiontowhat(mark).2.Inrecentyearsmanysportsclubs(run)tomakeaprofit.3.IwanttobuythiskindofclothbecauseI(tell)thattheclothwasheswell.4.Overthepasttenyears,thistown(hit)twicebyearthquakes.hasbeenmarkedhavebeenrunhavebeentoldhasbeenhitPractice!Practice!5.Alotofdamage(cause)byasnowstormwhichhitthenorthofthecountrylastnight.6.Ilikethesesongsverymuchwhich(teach)recentlyontheradio.7.Whenandwhereourprofessorwillgiveusalecture_(notdecide)yet.8.Greatchanges(take)placeinmyhometownsince2016.hasbeencausedhavebeentaughthasntbeendecidedhavetaken9.（已经证实）thatitwasthedriverscarelessnessthatresultedintheterribleaccident.10.Inrecentyears，stress_(regard)asacauseofawholerangeofmedicalproblems.11.Itisthefirsttimethatmusictherapy_(introduce)intotreatingdepression.12.Neverinmylife_Ieverbeentouchedbysuchasong.13.Allthepreparationsforthetask_(complete),andwerereadytostart.14.Numerousmeasures_(take)tocopewiththeseproblemsbythegovernmentuptonow.It has been confirmed that has been regardedhas been introducedhave been completedhavehave been takenComplete the notice with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.(WORKBOOK P75 EX.4)Notice to parentsDearParents,Wehopeyouwillwelcomethisnews.Almost100computers_（give)tousbyalocalcomputercompanysincetheendoflastyear.Adecision_（make)tobeginacomputerteachingexperimentatourschool.Ourplan_（support)withtechnicalequipmentandadvicewhich_（provide)bytheCityInformationTechnologyCentre.Everyteacher_（provide)withalaptopsincethebeginningofthisterm.Morerecently,mostofourcourses_（teach)usingcomputers.We_（help)inourteachingbyalotofinformationfromtheInternet.Also,anewcomputerroom_(setup)inourschool.Wehopeyouwillbehappywiththisexcitingnewdevelopmentinourschool.havebeengivenhasbeenmadehasbeensupportedhasbeenprovidedhasbeenprovidedhavebeentaughthavebeenhelpedhasbeensetup
