人教高中英语2020-2021学年新人教版选择性必修第三册同步课时强化训练 Unit 4 Reading and Thinking—Comprehending学案.docx

Just because you are in a wheelchair doesnt mean you cant enjoy the competitiveness the all­around fun that playing sports offers you.More and more wheelchair users are playing sports every daysome even on a professional level.The following information is just a few examples of what gaming opportunities you have.Wheelchair basketball is a very common wheelchair sport.It was started over forty years ago as a medical recovering program，and over the years has grown rapidly.Today wheelchair basketball is a professional sport that offers more than 180 teams across the United States.In order to play wheelchair basketball，it is essential to have a lightweight wheelchair.Several sports wheelchairs are on the market today just for sports enthusiasts.Another wheelchair sport，quad rugby，was specifically designed for quadriplegics(四肢瘫痪者) who are unable to play wheelchair basketball.It is a mixture of wheelchair basketball and ice hockey.To play the game you must have two teams of four players each.Each player is classified based on impairment(损伤)Power soccer is another fun wheelchair sport that can be very fun and exciting.Players in power soccer must have an electric wheelchair.Two teams have two 30­minute halves to push the soccer ball over the other teams goal line.The first team to reach the other teams goal line most frequently wins.And finally，based on the sport you choose to participate in，there are several wheelchair sports accessories available for you，including belts and harnesses，gloves，bags for carrying items，drink holders and special back supports.靓句运用于写作Im writing to inform you of what you should do before the game.(2019·全国，书面表达)Rooted in the Tang Dynasty，the poems have attracted a lot of people.(2017·全国，书面表达) Period OneReading and ThinkingComprehending品句猜词请预读下列课文原句，并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思。1At the age of 19，I am fit and full of vigour.精力；力量；活力2However，when I applied to join the expedition，Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasnt qualified.拒绝符合资格3He assigned me to be a steward，and I now serve meals for twenty­eight men，three times a day.分派；布置；分配4How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to！羡慕；妒忌5And when the ship sank，our hearts sank with it.下沉6Their genuine concern for others，their perseverance，and their resolve fill me with hope.真诚的毅力决心1What does the passage mainly tell us?APerce Blackborow admired Shackleton very much.BShackleton took Perce Blackborow to the ship.CPerce Blackborows diary about the great expedition.DPerce Blackborow missed his mother very much.答案C2.Read the passage and judge whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F)(1)Perce Blackborow went aboard the Endurance in secret.(T)(2)Blackborow was discovered the day when he went aboard.(F)(3)The crew felt hopeless when the ship became stuck in the ice.(T)(4)There were many visitors at Elephant Island.(F)(5)There were a lot of plants at Elephant Island.(F)Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.1When Perce Blackborow was assigned to be a steward at first，he was .Aangry and disappointedBsatisfied and excitedChopeless and disappointedDworried and angry答案B2Why did Shackleton allow Hussey to keep his banjo?ABecause the banjo was valuable.BBecause Shackleton liked the banjo.CBecause Hussey could play it to keep their spirits up.DBecause the banjo was small.答案C3Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?AWhile they were at Elephant Island，they fed on a seal or a penguin.BShackleton left Elephant Island for help by himself.CFrank was the kindest man of all the crew.DThomas Orde­Lees was a little selfish and bad­tempered.答案C4We can learn from the passage that Ernest Shackleton was .Astrong­minded and selflessBstrong­minded but selfishCgreedy and cruelDstubborn and selfish答案AAfter reading the passage，please fill in the following blanks.An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackletonthis is the adventure that I 1.have been dreaming(dream) of.However,2.when I applied to join the expedition，Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasnt 3.qualified (qualify)，so I secretly went aboard his ship，the Endurance.Later I 4.was discovered(discover) and Shackleton had to assign me to be 5.a steward.The journey wasnt very easy，for Endurance was stuck in the ice as we approached Antarctica.And when the ship sank，our hearts sank with it. Before we abandoned the ship，Shackleton 6.calmly(calm) told us to rescue our most essential supplies and he 7.himself(he) threw away all his gold.He allowed Hussey to keep his banjo,8.which made us surprised.We had been struggling for days，but things were going from bad to worse.Soon after we arrived at Elephant Island，Shackleton left us to find help.Sometimes we were able to catch a seal or a penguin to eat.I tried to think of 9.happier(happy) things.I was grateful，for Frank and Ernests genuine concern for others，their perseverance，and their resolve filled me 10.with hope.1However，when I applied to join the expedition，Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasnt qualified.句式分析该句为复合句。Shackleton turned me down是主句；when引导时间状语从句；because引导原因状语从句；在原因状语从句中，he thought是主句；I was too young and wasnt qualified是宾语从句。自主翻译但是，我申请加入这次探险时，沙克尔顿拒绝了我，因为他认为我太年轻，不够资格。2But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship，the Endurance，and hid in a small cupboard.句式分析该句为复合句。so.that.如此以至于，引导结果状语从句。自主翻译但是我对和他们一起去的想法那么热衷，以至于我偷偷上了他的船“坚忍”号，藏在一个小壁橱里。3Soon after we arrived，Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island,1,320 kilometres awaythe voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats.句式分析此句是复合句。soon after引导时间状语从句；Shackleton left us to find help是主句；破折号表示解释说明；too.to.意为“太而不能”。 自主翻译我们到达后不久，沙克尔顿就离开我们去1 320公里外的南乔治亚岛寻求帮助了，那趟旅行非常危险、非常艰难，我们乘着小船是无法到达的。.阅读理解AJust a couple of hours ago，I was on the plane，ready to fly home from London.The flight had been delayed by a few hours so it felt good to be so close to takeoff.I had my iPod in place and a new book to read.Then，over the loudspeaker came the pilots voice：“The ground crew has found a metal instrument in one tire.We regret that we must cancel this flight.”The passengers reactions that announcement led to were interesting.One man close to me began to argue with a flight attendant.A couple in another row complained loudly.A businessman in a black suit actually kicked the seat in front of him.Yet some passengers responded differently. An elderly gentleman smiled as he helped others take their bags down from the overhead compartments(行李厢)A teenager，rather than trying to rush off the plane like most of the other passengers，stopped to help a woman with a disability.The lady sitting next to me laughed and said，“Hey，its not the end of the world，” before she made a call to her kids and shared her adventure with them.The wisest among us have a remarkable ability to maintain grounded when times get tough.No life is perfect；mine certainly isnt.We all must face challenges，both large and small. You and I have the power to choose to rise above the external circumstances.We always have the choice to be strong and kind when things fall apart.Thats grace under pressure.My seatmate was rightthings could have been so much worse. Anyway，I am safe.I have my health.I have two wonderful children.I have work I love and so much to be grateful for.Sure I now have to wait a few hours to catch the next flight home.语篇解读作者在本文中讲述了乘务员宣布航班取消时乘客们的不同反应，表达了在应对人生中的挑战和挫折时的正确态度。1What caused the passengers different reactions?AThe loudspeaker.BThe delay of the flight.CThe ground crews fault.DThe pilots announcement.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The passengers reactions that announcement led to were interesting.”可知，是乘务员的通知导致人们的不同反应。故选D。2Who turned his anger on the seat?AThe teenager helping the disabled.BThe old man taking bags down.CThe man in a dark suit.DThe man close to the author.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“A businessman in a black suit actually kicked the seat in front of him.”可知，一个穿黑色西服的商人把怒气发泄到座位上。故选C。3What did the woman sitting next to the author do?AShe assisted a disabled woman.BShe made a phone call to her family.CShe helped others carry their luggage.DShe told moving stories to her children.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The lady sitting next to me laughed and said，Hey，its not the end of the world， before she made a call to her kids and shared her adventure with them.”可知答案。4What can we learn from the story?AOur life is full of ups and downs.BIt is natural to be scared under pressure.CWe should help each other in times of difficulty.DWe should be positive and calm when life is hard.答案D解析推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，作者认为，在面对生活中的挫折和困难时，应该保持乐观和冷静的心态。故选D。BNo one can deny that LeBron James gets paid a lot of moneybut no one can deny that he hasnt earned it either.Hes broken the records of greats like Michael Jordan and Magic Johnson.Hes a talent.Professional athletes like LeBron give their lives to their sportto training，traveling，and pushing themselves to the limit.And while their lives may seem glamorous，think about this: Athletes face injuries that can be not only career­ending but also life­changing.In fact，many retired athletes have long­term health problems because of how hard they push on their bodies. Retired New York Jets player Wesley Walker said that he suffered so much pain as a result of playing football that today he can hardly open a water bottle.The toll (代价) a professional athletes career takes on his or her body means more than a lifetime of pain (and medical bills); it also means a short career.Athletes need to pay the price that will carry them past the 5 to 15 years they are able to play.Without the show­stopping performances of stars like Serena Williams and Stephen Curry，many jobs wouldnt exist.Sports reporters，stadium workers，cheerleaders，and coaches are among those who can thank the professional sports industry for their employment.It may seem unfair that athletes get paid to play a game，but remember who they are really playing for: us.Were the ones who fill stadiums in rain and snow to watch their games，who crowd around the television to cheer them on，and who feel immeasurable joy when our team wins.The work of professional athletes certainly pays off for us.Shouldnt it pay off for them too?5What does the underlined word “glamorous” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?ADifficult. BTiresome.CAttractive. DOrganized.答案C解析词义猜测题。根据第二段中画线词所在句可知，虽然运动员的生活看起来很“吸引人”，但是运动带给他们的伤痛不仅会终止他们的职业生涯还会改变他们的人生。故选C。6Which of the following may the author agree with?AProfessional athletes have no idea about their limits.BInjuries are a problem for professional athletes.CRetired professional athletes are badly treated.DProfessional athletes careers are short.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“many retired athletes have long­term health problems.he can hardly open a water bottle”及第三段中的“The toll(代价) a professional athletes career takes on his or her body means more than a lifetime of pain(and medical bills)”可知，很多职业运动员都会受到伤病的困扰。7What is the authors attitude to athletes high salaries?ADoubtful. BSurprised.CSupportive. DUnconcerned.答案C解析观点态度题。根据第三段中的“Athletes need to pay the price that will carry them past the 5 to 15 years they are able to play”以及第四、五段的内容可知，职业运动员忍受着伤痛并要为巨额的医疗费买单，此外他们也带动了体育行业的发展，为很多人提供了就业机会，因此作者认为职业运动员应该得到高额的薪酬。8What is the best title for the text?AThe Most Impressive AthletesBYou Cant Put a Price on TalentCYou Shouldnt Push Athletes HardDSalaries in the Professional Sports Industry答案B解析标题归纳题。根据文中作者对职业运动员该得到高额薪酬的论述及最后一段的内容可知，人们不能给天才定价，他们的付出是无价的。CPeople tend to accept groups standards of behavior and thinking in a group work.Many illustrations(例证) could be given of this from everyday life，but what is of particular interest to psychologists is how much peoples judgments and opinions can be changed as a result of group pressure.Asch and others noticed that people in a group will agree to statements that are contrary to the evidence of their senses.It would be a mistake to think that only particular changeable people are chosen to take part in experiments of this type.Usually highly intelligent and independent people are used.In a typical experiment，this is what may happen.The experimenter asks for volunteers to join a group which is investigating visual sense.The participants are not，therefore，aware of the real purpose of the experiment.Each volunteer is taken to a room where he finds a group of about seven people who are cooperating with the experimenter.The group is shown a standard card which contains a single line.They are then asked to look at a second card.This has three lines on it.One is obviously longer than the line on the first card.One is shorter and one the same length.They have to say which line on the second card is the same length as the line on the standard card.The other members of the group answer first but what the volunteer does not know is that they have been told to pick one of the wrong lines.When his turn comes，he is faced with the consistent opinion of the rest of the groupall the others have chosen line A，but he quite clearly sees line B as correct.What will he do? According to Asch，more than half of the victims chosen will change their opinion.What is equally surprising is that，when interviewed about their answers，most explained that they knew the group choice was incorrect but that they yielded to the pressure of the group because they thought they must be suffering from an optical illusion(视觉假象)，or because they were afraid of being different.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，心理学家通过实验发现团体压力对个人的判断有很大的影响，很多人会迫于团体压力而改变自己的观点。9The psychologists are especially interested in .Athe evidence of the experimentBthe changes in the attitudes of peopleCthe difference in peoples behaviorDthe degree of changes of peoples opinions答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段中“.but what is of particular interest to psychologists is how much peoples judgments and opinions can be changed as a result of group pressure.”可知，心理学家对人们观点的变化程度特别感兴趣，故选D项。10Why more than half of the victims changed their opinions in the experiment?ABecause they had been told about the answer.BBecause they thought the group choice was correct.CBecause they submitted to the group pressure.DBecause their eyes were suffering from illusion.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段中“.most explained that they knew the group choice was incorrect but that they yielded to the pressure of the group.”可知，超过一半的受害者改变了观点是因为他们屈服于团体压力，故选C项。11The purpose of the aut