人教高中英语2020-2021学年高二下学期英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册 Unit4 Sharing核心句子剖析.docx

新人教选修第四册Unit 4复杂句子剖析1.One of my dreams is to work in Africa and continue to help the disabled after I resign from my job.(P40)我的一个梦想是退休后去非洲工作,继续帮助身体有残疾的人。词汇精讲disabled adj.有残疾的;丧失能力的Some local voluntary organizations ran workshops for disabled people.一些当地的志愿组织为残疾人开设了工场。The Chinese Red Cross contributed a generous sum to the relief of the physically disabled.中国红十字会慷慨捐赠了一笔巨款以救济残疾人。Carter was permanently disabled in the war.卡特在战争中永久残疾。His disability prevents him from holding a job.他的伤残妨碍他就业。词汇精讲resign vi.& vt.辞职;辞去We want you to reconsider your decision to resign from the board.我们希望你重新考虑辞去董事会职务的决定。Why do you want to resign your position as secretary?你为什么想辞去秘书的职务?We must resign ourselves to waiting a bit longer.我们只好耐心多等一会儿。I resign my children to your care.我把孩子们委托你来照顾。2.I think everyone deserves the right to be happy.(P40)我认为每个人都应该有幸福的权利。词汇精讲deserve vt.值得;应得;应受No matter how ordinary a job is,it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our respect.不管一份工作多么普通,它都在社会中起着一定的作用,因此,它值得我们给予尊重。Whoever you are,you deserve equal treatment.不管你是谁,你都应该得到平等的对待。It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve respecting /to be respected.正是那些甘愿奉献而不求索取的人才值得被尊重。Its true that she made a mistake but she hardly deserves to lose her job.她的确犯了错,但她不应该被解雇。注意：deserve to be done与deserve doing的意义相同,即可用动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义,类似的还有need,require等。3. She regrets not bringing a kettle to Ghana to boil the water she needs.(P40)她后悔没有带水壶去加纳来烧开她需要的水。剖析本句是个复合句。主句是She regrets not bringing.,she needs是定语从句,修饰water。regret doing sth“后悔做了某事”,此处是动词-ing形式的否定式,意为“后悔没有做某事”。I now regret not working harder at school.我现在后悔在学校时没有更努力学习。I regret not travelling more,and so does nearly everyone that I have asked.我后悔没有到更多的地方去旅行,而且我问过的几乎每个人都会这样说。 (1)regret to do sth 意为“对将要发生的事感到遗憾/抱歉”。We regret to inform you that we are unable to offer you the job.我们遗憾地通知你,我们没法给你这份工作。(2)mean to do sth意为“打算(想要)做某事”,主语只能是“人”。mean doing sth意为“意味着(要)做某事”,主语不能是“人”。To mean to do something and to actually do something are two different things.打算做一件事和实际上做一件事是两回事。If we mean to catch the early bus,that means getting up before five.要想赶早班车,那就意味着我们得在5点钟以前起床。(3)cant help to do sth意为“不能帮助做某事”,其中的help用于本义。cant help doing sth意为“不禁做某事”。She cant help to clean the house because she is busy making a cake.她不能帮忙打扫房子,因为她正忙着做蛋糕。We cant help laughing when listening to the cross-talk.我们听相声时都会情不自禁地笑。(4)go on to do sth意为“做完某事后接着做另一件事”。其中的不定式为目的状语。go on doing sth意为“继续(不停地)做正在做的事”。Go on to do the other exercises after you have finished this one.做完这个练习后, 请接着做其他的练习。We went on talking till after midnight.我们继续谈话直到午夜以后。(5)stop to do sth意为“停下正在做的事去做另一件事”。此时的stop为不及物动词,其后接的不定式作目的状语。stop doing sth意为“停止做某事”。此时的stop为及物动词,其中的动词-ing形式为宾语,是 stop 的对象。He stopped to try to adjust his vision to the faint starlight.他停下脚步试着让眼睛适应微弱的星光。He stopped speaking, and there was not a sound in the room.他停止讲话,房间里一点声音也没有了。(6)forget to do sth表示“忘记做某事”。forget doing sth表示“忘记曾经做过的事”。It appears that he forgot to sign the letter.他似乎忘记在信上署名了。I shall never forget seeing the Alps for the first time.我永远也不会忘记第一次看到阿尔卑斯山的感受。(7)remembered to do sth表示“记住将要做的事”。remembered doing sth表示“记得曾经做过的事”。Remember to carry out your promise.记住要履行你的承诺。I remember meeting him but I just cant visualize him.我记得我见过他,可就是想不起他的样子了。(8)try to do sth意为“设法做某事;尽力做某事”。trying doing sth意为“试着做某事;尝试做某事”。We must try to improve our service.我们必须改进提高我们的服务。I will try phoning him, but he may have left by now.我要尝试给他打电话,但是他现在可能已经离开了。4.Do you think students doing volunteer work is of any use?(P42)你认为学生做志愿工作有用处吗?句式剖析本句是个复合句。Do you think是主句,students doing volunteer.是宾语从句,is of any use是“be of+抽象名词”结构。I dont know whether any of these things will be of any use to you.我不知道这些东西对你是否会有用。You will find this book of great use in learning English.你会发现这本书在英语学习中作用很大。句式拓展“be of+抽象名词”结构,名词通常是use、importance、help、value、interest、benefit等,该结构相当于“be+名词所对应的形容词”,这类名词前可用no、some、any、little、much、great等对其进行修饰。The vase purchased at a high price turned out to be of little value.这只花高价购买的花瓶原来没什么价值。It is hoped that these suggestions would be of great help to you.希望这些建议对你有用。5.Yeah,what if we have to clean out the smelly cages?(P43)是啊,如果我们必须清理那些难闻的笼子怎么办呢?句式剖析What if.?表示“要是会怎么样呢?”,后面跟一个句子,相当于“What will/would happen if.?”。What if this doesnt work out?如果这行不通怎么办呢?What if he goes home before us and cant get into the house?假设他在我们之前赶到家而又进不去呢?句式拓展(1)What if后面的句子也可以使用虚拟语气,即后面句子的谓语动词用一般过去式或“should+动词原形”,表示对将来的假设。What if it rained and then froze all through those months?要是那几个月一直又下雨又冰冻怎么办?What if anything should happen to the child?万一这孩子出了差错怎么办?(2)What about.?怎么样?常用来提出建议。What about going out with me tomorrow?明天和我一起出去怎么样?What about these stories of success or failure?这些关于成功或失败的故事怎么样呢?5