人教高中英语5.2 Listening and Speaking-Using language 1 练习（解析版） (2).docx

2020-2021学年高中英语新教材同步备课（人教版选择性必修第一册）Unit 5 Working the landPeriod 2 Listening and speaking 课后练习（解析版）本单元词汇语法练习+语法填空+阅读套题（满分100分）词汇强化运用：用所给单词的适当形式或汉义补全句子，每题1分，共计20分。1. _(consume) rather than saving has become the central feature of contemporary societies. 【答案】Consumption/Consuming【解析】现代社会的主要特征是消费而不是储蓄。动名词或动词-ing形式作主语。2. The problems are not serious. Nonetheless, we need to _(处理) them soon. 【答案】tackle【解析】问题不严重，不过我们还是需要尽快处理。3. These results demonstrate _(convince) that our suggestion is working. 【答案】convincingly【解析】这些令人信服地地证明，我们的建议正在发挥作用。副词修饰动词，令人信服地，convincingly4. Genes determine the _(特征) of every living thing.【答案】characteristics【解析】基因决定每个生物的特征。5. For many people, it is a common sense that organic food is healthier than _ (conventional) grown food. 【答案】conventionally【解析】对于大多数人来说，一般都认为有机食品比传统的种植食品更健康。副词修饰动词，conventionally6. You cannot a_(假定) that a speaker of English is qualified to teach English for granted. 【答案】assume【解析】你不能假定会说英语的人就有资格教英语。7. He lost his leg when he was ten, but learned to _(克服) his handicap. 【答案】overcome【解析】他10岁时失去了一条腿，但学会了战胜自己的残疾。8. With 97% of the world's water too _(salt) to be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. 【答案】salty【解析】由于世界上97%的水含盐量过高，不能饮用或用于农业，全世界的水供应需要谨慎管理，特别是在农业方面。形容词，含盐的，salty9. It will also help people to use their l_(休闲) time well. 【答案】leisure【解析】它还可以帮助人们充分利用他们的闲暇时间。10. The mountains trap rains and fogs _(generate） over the ocean. 【答案】generated【解析】这些山脉隔开了海洋上生成的雨和雾。动词的过去分词作后置定语，generated11. There are alternative sources of _(营养) to animal meat. 【答案】nutrition【解析】有能替代动物肉类的其他营养来源。12. The whole food chain is affected by the overuse of _(化学制剂) in agriculture.【答案】chemicals【解析】整个食物链受到了化学物质在农业中过度使用的影响。13. _light travels faster than sound is common knowledge.【答案】That【解析光传播的比声音快是一个常识。主语从句引导词，意义完整不缺失，that14. It doesnt matter _ he will come or not.【答案】whether【解析他来还是不来无关紧要。主语从句引导词，后面的or not提示前面为whether15. There are three things _ make Sydney famous ,its beautiful harbor, the Sydney Harbor Bridge and the Sydney Opera House. 【答案】which/that【解析有三个事物令悉尼很著名，其美丽的海港，雪梨大桥和悉尼歌剧院。定语从句，关系词which/that16. _ China got the second place in the Games made the whole nation very excited.【答案】That【解析中国在比赛中获得第二令整个国家都非常兴奋。主语从句引导词，意义完整不缺失，that17. Would you like a cigarette? No. Its several years _ I gave up smoking.【答案】since【解析】你要不要一根雪茄？不，我已经戒烟好几年了。时间状语从句，自从.至今，since18. Most authorities agree that play is an _(至关重要的) part of a child's development.【答案】essential【解析】大多数权威人士认为玩耍是孩子成长的一个重要部分。19. If you do not like it, change it.  _(alternative), accept it. 【答案】Alternatively【解析】如果你不喜欢它那就改变它，另一种方法是，选择接受它。副词修饰整个句子，Alternatively20. The plan received  _(广泛的) support throughout the country. 【答案】widespread【解析】这项计划得到了全国的广泛的支持。语言运用(共两节，满分30分)语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Dante Gabriel Rossetti, a famous 19th century poet and artist, was once visited by an elderly man. The old man had some sketches (素描) and drawings that he wanted Rossetti to look at and tell him 1. _ they were any good.Rossetti looked 2. _ (they) over carefully. After the first few, he knew that they were worthless, 3. _ (show) not the least sign of artistic talent. But Rossetti was kind, and he told the elderly man as 4. _ (gentle) as possible that the pictures were without much value. The visitor was 5. _ (disappoint).He then apologized 6. _ taking up Rossettis time, but asked if he would just look at a few more drawings these had been done by a young art student. Rossetti looked over 7. _ second batch (一批) of sketches and immediately became interested in them. “These,” he said, “Oh, these are good. This young student has great talent. He should be given praise and encouraged 8. _ (continue) in his career as an artist. He will have a great future if he works hard and sticks at it.”Rossetti could see that the old fellow was deeply moved. “9. _ is this fine young artist?” Rossetti asked. “Your son?” “No,” said the old man sadly. “It is me 40 years ago. If only I 10. _ (hear) your praise then! For you see, I got discouraged and gave up too soon.”【答案】1. if/whether  2. them 3. showing      4. gently 5. disappointed    6. for    7. the    8. to continue 9. Who    10. had heard语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Why does your dog follow you like a shadow, no matter where you go? “When dogs follow 11. _ owners, there can be several scientific explanations, 12. _ (depend) on the dog and the individual situation,” according to Mary Burch, a certified applied animal behaviorist.These explanations include:Natural instinct (本能) to be part of a pack: Domesticated (驯化的) dogs are descended (是的后代) from wild canines that live in 13. _ (cooperate) family groups, said Kathryn Primm Dvm, a veterinarian practicing in Tennessee. As such, its 14. _ his DNA for a dog to try to fit into your pack (that is, with you and your family). In fact, a study out of Princeton University that 15. _ (publish) in the journal, Science Advances, demonstrates that your dogs drive 16. _ (follow) you around (as well as watch you intently and seek physical contact from you) is actually in his genes.Feel good chemicals: Your 17. _ (present) causes your dogs brain to release “feel good” chemicals, Primm explains, citing this study. Considering 18. _ much we as humans enjoy those feel-good chemicals, its no surprise your dog likes them too and will follow you around to get some!An obligation to help: Primm notes that “dogs 19. _ (nature) place value on resources in order to survive”, and one of the most highly-valued resources is territory (地盘). 20. _ you move about your home, your dog might feel that you are patrolling your territory and feel obligated to assist you.【答案】11. their          12. depending   13. cooperative        14. in    15. was published     16. to follow 17. presence     18. how                   19. naturally  20. If第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节 (共15小题：每小题分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHardship comes in different shapes and sizes. Losing a job. Bills overdue (逾期未付的). Illness, injuries or the death of a loved one.Every kind of difficulty takes its toll. But few things in life are as heartbreaking as feeling cut off from the people we love.Recently, while “sheltering in place” against the coronavirus, Ive started reading to my grandkids via FaceTime.Mostly, I read to them because I love doing it. But I also do it for their parents mental health. Besides having to stay indoors, they are forced to homeschool the kids, who cant go to school or to the park or play with their friends.As a mother, I didnt do everything right. Far from it. But when my three children were small, most nights before bed, I would read to them.There is something important something comforting and healing about the age-old ritual (惯例) of reading to each other. Sometimes the words we read are so powerful that they will never be forgotten. But hearing them read is a different experience.When we read to ourselves, we see the words with our eyes. But when someone reads to us, we just need to be still and listen. Sometimes, the voice and the love it conveys mean far more than the words.Today, I read the Tales of a Fourth Grade Nothing by Judy Blume, a book my kids loved long ago. Randy, 9, and Wiley, 7, thought it was funny. Elle, whos 5, usually prefers to read to me, but this time she just wanted to talk. Next, Randy played a song for us on his guitar, the very first song he has written. Finally, I FaceTimed with Jonah, who is almost a year old. I read MOO, BAA, LA LA LA! by Sandra Boynton. He liked it so much that he gave me kisses over the phone, then we said goodbye.Now, more than ever, while keeping a safe distance, we all need to hold on to each other.21. What do we know about the author?A. She has gone through many difficulties in life.B. She thought she was an expert in parenting.C. She is proud of being a well-educated parent.D. She feels cut off from family and friends in isolation.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题，根据第二段，But few things in life are as heartbreaking as feeling cut off from the people we love.但是生活中很少有事情比与我们所爱的人隔绝更令人心碎。22. Why did the author start reading to her grandkids?A. She thought it was a good way to teach kids.B. She used it to kill time when sheltering at home.C. She wanted to show her love and care for them.D. She wanted to compare her kids with her grandkids.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题，文中提到，There is something important something comforting and healing about the age-old ritual (惯例) of reading to each other.后面又提到，Sometimes, the voice and the love it conveys mean far more than the words.有时候，声音和它传达的爱远比语言更有意义，答案为C。23. What is the main idea of the second-to-last paragraph?A. What kind of stories the kids like.B. How the kids spent the reading time today.C. How the author chose certain stories for the kids.D. What the kids usually do when staying at home.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题，倒数第二段的主旨大意，答案为B。BCooking has become a hobby and major recreation (娱乐) for many people in quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic. Its almost impossible nowadays to check social media without at least two or three photos of delicious meals popping up on our screens. But behind the fancy recipes and boastful (炫耀的) social media posts, many of us dont realize how much we take food for granted.“At the same time while dealing with a COVID-19 pandemic, we are also on the brink of a hunger pandemic,” David Beasley, executive director of the World Food Program (WFP), a United Nations agency, warned on April 20.Around 135 million people had been facing food shortages before the coronavirus outbreak, but now 130 million more could go hungry in 2020, said Arif Husain, chief economist at the World Food Program. Altogether, 265 million people are being pushed to the brink of starvation (饥饿) by the COVID-19 crisis.According to The New York Times, thousands of workers in India are lining up twice a day for bread and fried vegetables to fight against hunger. And across Colombia, poor families are hanging red clothing and flags from their windows to show that they are hungry.“We dont have any money, and now we need to survive,” said Pauline Karushi, who lost her job at a jewelry store in Nairobi. “That means not eating much.”Lockdowns and social distancing measures contributed to loss of income for people worldwide and disrupted (打乱) agricultural production and supply routes (路线), leaving millions to worry how they will get enough to eat.Money alone will not be enough, according to WFP. Also crucial is ensuring (保证) that transport and supply chains stay open in the face of lockdowns.“There is no shortage of food globally yet. But problems in planting, harvesting and transporting food will leave less developed countries facing even more difficult times in the coming months, especially those reliant (依赖的) on imports,” Johan Swinnen, director general of the International Food Policy Research Institute in Washington told The New York Times.However, for us, theres no need for stockpiling (囤积) food, said Wei Baigang, an official from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. The reserves (储存) of rice and wheat in China are enough for the whole population for one year, according to Xinhua, and the prices remain stable. “We have the confidence and determination to keep our rice bowls full,” said Pan Wenbo, another official from the ministry.Past food shortagesNumbers of people in food crises in previous years (in millions)2019    135M people in     55 countries2018    113M people in      53 countries2017    124M people in     51 countries2016   108M people in     48 countries24. What does the underlined phrase “on the brink of” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. in case ofB. in prevention ofC. on the edge ofD. on the way to【答案】C【解析】词义猜测题，A.万一 B.预防 C.濒于 D.在去的路上，答案为C。25. What is the main idea of Paragraphs 3-5?A. Causes of food crises in different countries.B. The seriousness of the worlds hunger problem.C. The negative effects of the coronavirus outbreak.D. Ways to fight against food shortages in different countries.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题，通过对食品短缺的具体描述，阐述了目前世界上食品短缺的严重性。26. What did Johan Swinnen tell us?A. Money is the key to food supply chains.B. The food shortage is a global problem.C. Self-reliant countries dont have food shortages.D. Lockdowns will cause food crises in many countries.【答案】D【解析】判断推理题，But problems in planting, harvesting and transporting food will leave less developed countries facing even more difficult times in the coming months, especially those reliant (依赖的) on imports,”在种植、收获和运输粮食方面的问题将使欠发达国家在未来几个月面临更加困难的时期，特别是那些依赖进口的国家。答案为D。27. What did the Chinese government advise people to do?A. Stockpile enough food for emergencies.B. Prepare themselves for high food prices.C. Stay calm and confident in relation to food supplies.D. Overcome any difficulties to transport food. 【答案】C【解析】细节理解题，根据文章最后一段，We have the confidence and determination to keep our rice bowls full，答案为C。CAre you curious of looking up at the stars and wondering if theres intelligent life out there? So is Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST, 500米口径球面射电望远镜), Chinas mega-science (大科学) project and the worlds largest single-dish radio telescope.On April 28, FAST, nicknamed “Chinas Eye of Heaven”, embarked on its search for extraterrestrial intelligence (ET, 外星生物).As the news went viral (走红) on social networking sites, someone commented saying: “Do not answer! Do not answer! Do not Answer!”It seems that The Three-Body Problem (三体), a science fiction novel by Chinese author Liu Cixin, has influenced minds so deeply that people are worried about the possibility of the Earth being invaded (入侵) by an advanced extraterrestrial civilization.That worry is, at least for now, unnecessary. Of the 1,800 planets that have been discovered, less than 20 are capable of supporting life, and the nearest among them, Gliese 581, is 20.4 light-years away.According to Robin Hansons Great Filter theory, there is less than a one in a million chance of any extraterrestrial life form evolving into higher intelligence or a civilization. And since their distance from China could even be millions or billions of light-years away, if they travel at the speed of light, it would take them at least millions of years to reach us.However, that does