人教高中英语【新教材精创】3.3 Discovering Useful Structure 练习（1）（解析版）.docx
普通高中英语（2019版）必修第三册 Unit 3 Diverse Cultures同步练习Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures【基础达标】I.根据首字母和英文释义写出对应的英语单词。1.The company is dependent on government _（财政的） help.【答案】financial2.I read poems, and she asked me about p_.【答案】poetry3.I turned around and watched a white _ （蘑菇）cloud rise up about a mile away. 【答案】mushroom4.Some mushrooms contain a deadly p_ ，we cant eat them.【答案】poison5.Don't _(折叠)down the corners of the page, it damages the book.【答案】fold 6.Then they spent a _ （极好的）week at the seaside. 【答案】super.用省略句式改写下列句子。1.The news made me angry, but the news made John happy.【答案】The news made him angry, but made John happy.2.When it is heated, ice can be turned into water.【答案】When heated, ice can be turned into water.3.If I am invited, I will attend his wedding.【答案】If invited, I will attend his wedding.4.When it is necessary, I will turn to you for help.【答案】When necessary, I will turn to you for help.5.If you had come here yesterday, you would have met her.【答案】Had you come here yesterday, you would have met her.6.If it is possible, you can come to visit our factory next week.【答案】If possible, you can come to visit our factory next week.7.Is there anything wrong with you？【答案】 Anything wrong with you？8.While I was walking in the street, I found the rejected baby.【答案】While walking in the street, I found the rejected baby.【能力提升】.阅读理解:阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。A A group of people from Denmark have formed the B-Society. According to them, human beings are divided into types: A-People, and B-People. A-People have no problem getting up in the morning, and operate much better earlier in the day. However, B-people are better later in the day. “Im useless early in the morning,” says one of the members of the B-Society.” All I can do is drink coffee, and stare into space. People used to get up early because they had to feed the animals. But I havent got any cows or chickens, so I can sleep late,” She adds. Since the society was set up, the B-Society has welcomed several thousand members. Right now, the B-Society is fighting hard for businesses to join its B-certification (证明) list. Companies that are “B-certified” basically give their employees the opportunity to come in when they want. In some companies, employees arrive at any time up to 3:30 p.m.each to their own rhythm. And it is not just businesses that are benefiting from this. Teenagers who cant get out of bed in the morning, and parents who never quite get the kids to school on time, can now benefit from B-classes. From next year, a school in Copenhagen will offer classes which start later in the day (at 10 instead of eight). And even the government seems to like the idea.The B-Society was founded by Camilla Kring, a professor from the University of Copenhagen. On her website, she says, “When B-peoples work rhythms are considered at the workplace, their productivity (生产力) and quality of life is increased, which can increase productivity for the entire organization.”She adds that, “B-Society will create a new daily rhythm in schools and other institutions as an alternative (选择) to the current rhythm of early at work and early at home. We are working for the scheme of primary and secondary schools as well as universities that open between 10 a.m. and 8 p.m.”Would you like to work for a B-certified company?【语篇解读】本文介绍了丹麦的一个有着特殊生活节奏的群体：B-Society。他们通常起床晚，上午的工作学习效率很低。B-Society提倡公司和学校为他们提供晚到的便利，以便提高他们的效率。1. According to the text, who belong to the B-Society? A. Late risers. B. Businessmen. C. Animal lovers.D. Sleep experts.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段后半段内容可知，B-Society里的人通常都是起床较晚的人，而且他们的工作时间也比较晚。故A项Late risers符合要求。2. In B-certified companies, what can employees do？ A. Get more working opportunitiesB. Join any other companies C. Work on any days they chooseD. Go to work at any time of a day【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段后两句可知，在B-certified companies中，员工们可以在任何时候来工作，完全按照他们自己的节奏上班。3. In Camilla Kings opinion, B-people _. A. are more hard-working than A-people B. have a better quality of life than A-people C. are more productive if given more freedom D. like the rhythm of “early at work, early at home”【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，B-people中的人若给予一定的自由，他们的生产效率会提高，继而有助于这个团体工作效率的提高。4. The authors purpose in writing this text is to _. A. tell the importance of getting up early B. express his attitude towards the B-Society C. introduce a group having a special daily rhythm D. call on people to work for B-certified companies【答案】C【解析】主旨大意题。作者在文章中主要介绍了丹麦现在实行的一种由特殊的工作节奏的群体：B-Society。他们的工作节奏不同于一般人。BPeople who have red hair and people who are losing their hair could finally get their own emoji(表情符号)The Emojipedia website has shown new emojis following demands that they should be more diverse. If its ideas are approved, the new emojis could be added in 2018, alongside new characters that have gray, curly or Afro hair.“New styles focus on appearances that aren't currently supported in the informal skin tone and hair color pairings(组合) used on many cellphones，” showed one page on the website. The page gave Jessica Chastain and Ed Sheeran as examples of people with red hair. Sinead O'Connor and Samuel L. Jackson were given as examples of people with no hair or a shaven head.The emojis could be released in 2018 if chosen by the Unicode Consortium which met in January, 2017 following a number of complaints about lack of diversity. “Nonnaturally occurring features, such as blue hair and tattoos, are not included in this project，” the website added.At the end of 2016, Apple published its iOS 10.2 software update which included 72 new emojis such as firefighters, astronauts, rockstars and so on. But people who have red hair were notably absent, causing a global protest.A website in Scotland demanding ginger emojis got 20,000 signatures. The main issue is that there is one organization, known as Unicode Consortium, who controls emojis on iPhone.In March, a new list of emojis was published by Emojipedia which might be released later this year. However, the emojis need to be approved by the Unicode Technical Committee before people can use them.In 2015, ginger emojis were published on the Google Play Store for Android. But up until now, the Unicode Consortium has not been willing to give in to ginger campaigners.【语篇解读】 Emojipedia网站推出了新一批不同发色和肤色组合的表情符号，如果这些表情符号被统一码联盟批准，那么红发人士和光头人士在2018年就能获得他们的专属表情符号了。5Which of the following emojis could be included in 2018?ACharacters with black hair.BCharacters with white skin.CCharacters with shaven heads.DCharacters with smiling faces.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句及最后一句可知，红发人士和光头人士在2018年可能会有自己的专属表情符号。6Tattoos are rejected by the Unicode Consortium because _.Athere is no demand for themBpeople dislike such emojisCthey are out of fashionDthey are not natural identity【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句中的“Nonnaturally occurring features, such as blue hair and tattoos, are not included in this project”可知，文身不属于自然特征，所以被统一码联盟拒绝了。7What is the Unicode Consortium's attitude to ginger emojis?AFavorable. BAmbiguous.CDisapproving. DUncaring.【答案】C【解析】观点态度题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“But up until now, the Unicode Consortium has not been willing to give in to ginger campaigners.”可知，统一码联盟并未打算对姜黄色的表情符号让步，说明它反对采用该表情符号。favorable意为“赞许的”；ambiguous意为“含糊的；模棱两可的”；disapproving意为“不赞同的；不同意的”；uncaring意为“漠不关心的”。8What is the best title for the text?ANew Emojis to Be Added in 2018BComplaints about the Present EmojisCDemands for New and Informal EmojisDGlobal Protests Against the Lack of Diversity【答案】A【解析】标题归纳题。文章开篇点题，2018年将收录更多的表情符号，下文进行了具体阐述，如红发人士、光头人士可能会有自己的专属表情符号。A项(2018年将添加新的表情符号)最能概括文章内容。.七选五: 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to become a better readerLanguage and literacy (读写能力) are among humans greatest inventions. Evolving（演变） over the course of human history, languages are a reflection of our cultural and societal attitudes. Today, surrounded（包围）by social media, television, movies, and, of course, books, the ability to read and write is important to expressing ones feelings. Most humans acquire language in early childhood and speak fluently when they are about three years old, but our continued relationship with language gives shape and meaning to our lives. 1 (1) Take it slow. Many readers feel that they read too slowly, especially compared with others. 2 The best readers are flexible（灵活的） slowing down when needed and always have a dictionary at hand.(2) Read aloud. When humans first began reading written words, it was unusual to read in silence. 3 Try listening to the author reading their own work youll be surprised to find how clearly it comes through on the page.(3) Write. Writing and reading go hand-in-hand: how and what you read affects how and what you write, and the best readers often make the best writers. But while much can be learned from close, repeated readings, there are many pleasures to language that can only be experienced through the practice of writing. 4 (4) Tell your friends. All of the literature is essentially communication from an individuals inner voice to an audience. 5 Its a good way to see the world from someone elses eyes and, in the process, carefully examine your own reaction to what youre reading. A. But the truth is that the faster you read, the less likely you are to understand fully what youre reading.B. Can you remember the first piece of writing that transported you to another world?C. There is something magical about sharing books with friends or a book club.D. Try writing every day for a month, and you will never read the same again.E. Reading out loud is one of the best ways to improve your reading ability.F. Here are 4 ways to become a better reader.G. In no time, youll be appreciating novels like fine wine.【语篇解读】本文讲述如何成为一个更好的读者。1. 【答案】F【解析】根据下文四点内容可知，F项为正确答案。2. 【答案】A【解析】根据上文“Many readers feel that they read too slowly, especially compared with others.”可知，许多读者感觉他们读得太慢，特别是相对于其他人而言。但是事实上你读得越快，你就越不可能完全理解你读的内容。3.【答案】 E【解析】本段主要建议大声朗读，故E项符合题意。4. 【答案】D【解析】根据上文“But while much can be learned from close, repeated readings, there are many pleasures to language that can only be experienced through the practice of writing.”可知，即使我们可以从深入和重复阅读中学到很多东西，但仍然有许多快乐是只有你通过写作才能体会到的。故作者建议试着一个月每一天都写作；你的阅读习惯也再不会跟以前一样。5. 【答案】C【解析】由下文的 “Its a good way to see the world from someone elses eyes and, in the process, carefully examine your own reaction to what youre reading.”可知，这是一个很好的了解别人严重的世界的方式，然而在此过程中，认真审视自己对所阅读的内容的反应。由此可知，空格处承上启下，与自己的朋友或是一个图书俱乐部的人分享书是件很美妙的事情。.短文语法填空A graduation speech given by Chief Justice John Roberts became a talking point after The Washington Post published it.Roberts _1_(address)his son's ninth grade graduating class. He advised the young graduates _2_(take) life's setbacks in their stride(从容地). But he did not wish _3_(they) good luck.“Now, the speakers will typically also wish you good luck and extend good _4_(wish) to you. I will not do that, and I will tell you why，” Roberts said.“From time to time, in the years to come, I hope you will be treated _5_(unfair), so that you will come to know the value of justice. Sorry to say, but I hope you will be lonely from time to time, so that you don't take friends _6_granted. I wish you bad luck again, from time to time, so that you will be conscious of the role of chance in life and understand your success is not completely deserved and _7_the failure of others is not completely deserved either.”He continued, “I hope you _8_(ignore), so you know the importance of listening to others, _9_I hope you will have just enough pain to learn compassion.”In the end, each graduate received a pocketsize copy of the Constitution _10_(sign) by Roberts.【语篇解读】'本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了首席法官John Roberts在自己儿子毕业时发表的演讲。1 【答案】addressed2 【解析】考查时态。表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填addressed。2【答案】to take【解析】考查固定句型。advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事，是固定句型，所以填to take。3【答案】them【解析】考查宾格。作wish的宾语，用宾格，所以填them。4【答案】wishes【解析】考查名词单复数。句意：现在说话者将有代表性地祝你好运并且会拓展美好的祝福。“美好的祝福”是复数意义，所以填wishes。5【答案】unfairly【解析】考查副词。用副词修饰动词treated，所以填unfairly。6【答案】for【解析】考查固定用法。take sb./sth.for granted认为某人/某事是理所当然的，是固定用法，所以填for。7【答案】that【解析】考查宾语从句。_7_the failure of others is not completely deserved either作understand的宾语，所以_7_the failure of others is not completely deserved either是一个宾语从句，and 连接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，第一个that可以省略也可以不省，但其它不能省略，所以填that。8【答案】will be ignored【解析】考查时态和语态。“你”和“忽略”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，且表示将来发生的事情，故用一般将来时，所以填will be ignored。9【答案】and【解析】考查连词。I hope you _8_(ignore), so you know the importance of listening to others与I hope you will have just enough pain to learn compassion之间是并列关系，所以填and。10【答案】signed【解析】考查非谓语动词。the Constitution 与sign之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，所以填signed。
