Unit 5 Languages around the World 词汇学习 1 + 语篇训练 （学生版）【新教材精创】2020-2021学年高一英语新教材知识讲学（人教版必修第一册）.docx

Unit 5 Languages around the World 词汇学习1 + 语篇训练 (学生版)【新教材精创】2020-2021学年高一英语新教材知识讲学（人教版必修第一册）Step 1 词汇分类记忆Task 1 阅读词汇(英译中) 1, reference _ 2, ups and downs _3, despite _4, factor _5, based _6, date back (to.) _7, symbol _8, shell _9, carve _10,dynasty _11,dialect _12,regard _13,calligraphy _14, affair _ 15, appreciate _ 16, specific _17, character _18, gap_19, semester_20, pants_21, description_22, Korean n._; adj. _ 23, Danish n. _；adj. _ 24, Denmark_ 25,Arabic_ 26, FIFA_27, CE (Common Era)_Task 2 写作词汇(中译英)1, 提到；参考；查阅_ 2, 指的是；描述；提到；查阅(短语)_ 3, 体系；制度；系统_ 4, 出生地的；本地的；土著的；本地人 _ 5, 态度；看法_ 6, 十亿_ 7, 以为据点；以为基础；底部；根据_ 8, 骨头；骨(质) _ 9, (植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化_ 10, 主要的；重要的；主修课程；主修；专门研究_ 11, 不论哪里/谁/什么等等；不管哪里/谁/什么等等_ 12, 方式；方法；途径_ 13, 传统的；最优秀的；典型的；经典作品；名著_ 14, 全球的；全世界的_ 15, 斗争；奋斗；拼搏_ 16, 舌头；语言_ 母语_ =_ language 17, 观点；看法_ 18, 汽油；气体 _ 19, 汽油(NAmE gas) _ 20, 地铁_ 21, 公寓套房_ 22, 恳求；乞求；哀求_ 23, 同等的人；相等物；相同的；同样的_ 24, 要求；需求；强烈要求；查问_ 25, 词汇_ 26, 联系；讲述_ 27, 与相关；涉及；谈到_ Task 3 词性变换或常用词块1, referencev. _ 2, baseadj. _n. _(基础；基底)3, symboladj. _ 4, Danishn. _丹麦5, affair常用词块: _;与某人有暧昧关系；_外交事务6, appreciaten._ 7, specificadv. _8, semester同义词：_ 9, descriptionv. _10, Koreann. _ (韩国); _(朝鲜)11, systemadj. _ 有系统的；分类的；体系的；有条理的12, attitude常用词块: _ 对的态度13, varietyadj._ v. _ 14, major n. _大多数；多数；多数党；多数派15, global n. _地球(仪)；球体；世界常用词块:_全球气候变暖16, equal adv. _ n. _ 17, beg n. _乞丐；穷人18, relateadj._相关的；有亲属关系的；属于同一种类的(或组别的) n._ 关系；联系；亲戚；陈述；参考Step 2 词汇运用检测。Task 1 Complete the following sentences according to the Chinese meaning.1. It took them more than one _ dollars to complete the project. 完成这个工程花费了他们十亿多美元。2. Some computers can perform over a _ computation a second. 有些计算机一秒钟能完成超过十亿次运算。3. He's emigrated to the USA and gone completely _. 他已移居美国，完全成了美国人。4. My _ language is Chinese. 我的母语是汉语。5. The kangaroo is a _ of Australia.袋鼠是产于澳大利亚的动物。6. He is a Beijing _. 他是土生土长的北京人。7. We must maintain a firm _. 我们必须采取坚定的态度。8. She shows a very positive attitude to her work. 她工作态度非常积极。9. This book is for _ only. 这本书仅供参考。10. This frame of _ will be determined by the limitations on the rational man's knowledge. 这个参照系统决定于理性人知识的限制。11. We _ the proposal to the board of directors. 我们把这一建议提交董事会处理。12. You should _ this matter to the head office for a decision. 你应当把这事提交总部去决定。13. You can _ a dictionary if necessary. 如果有必要，你可以参考字典。14. The speaker often _ his notes.那位演讲者一再参考他的讲稿。15. The rule _ only to special cases. 这条规则只涉及一些特殊的情况。16. I was not _ her when I said so. 当我那么说时,我并不是指她。17. The drainage _ has been aged. 排水系统已经老化了。18. The magazine is produced using a desktop publishing _. 这本杂志用一个桌面的出版系统做出来的。19. _ old age, she is still learning to drive. 尽管年事已高,她还在学开车。20. _ all our efforts we still lost the game. 尽管我们尽了全力，我们还是输掉了比赛。Task 2 单句语法填空1. Her bosom _ (rise) and fell as she breathed.The determinate factor of our _ (economic)is to control inflation.3. The committee's support is an important factor in the _ (succeed) of the project.4. We are _ (base) in Chicago.5. The company's headquarters is based _ London.6. I found _ small leaf at the base of the flower.7. Our mission was over, and _ (go) back to our base.8. This novel is based _ historical facts.9. _ (science) have dated the fossils by their bone structure.10. Surgeons have made a great breakthrough in the bone _ (operate).11. There is an ornament _ (make) of shells on the wall.12. All that remained of the building after the fire was _ empty shell.13. The _ (chemistry) symbol for copper is "Cu".14. The statue _ (carve) out of marble(大理石).15. We will look _ a pumpkin, to carve into a jack-o-lantern.16. How many _ (dynasty) are there in China's history?17. The Qing Dynasty _ (end) in 1911.18. The hotel offers its guests a wide _ (various)of amusements.19. Last week we _ (go) to a variety show.20. That is why the television networks keep _ (serve) up old movies and second-rate variety programmes.Task 3 Translation.1. 那个城市聚集了全国大部分人口。(major)2. 教育孩子成为诚实的人是我们的主要目标之一。(major)3. 他是主修历史的学生。(major)4. 她在大学期间主修数学和物理。5. 不管她在哪里，她都会是幸福的。(No matter where)6. 她说一口方言，不是标准英语。(dialect)7. 有什么方法可以到那里吗？(means)8. 我们用词句来表达思想。(means)9.战争与和平是一部经典文学著作。(classic)10. 这篇小说被公认为是最优秀的作品之一。(classic)11. 这位艺术家非常受尊敬。(regard)12. 我把看书当作一种消遣的形式。(regard)13. 我这样做是出于对我妹妹的关心。(regard)14. 这孩子个性很强。(character)14. 他因品质高尚而被人怀念。(character)16. 您可以在那个书架上找到有关书法的书。(calligraphy)17. 绿色运动是全球性的现象。(global)18. 空气污染是全球性的问题。(global)19. 他们的风流韵事是公开的秘密。(love affair)20. 我很欣赏他对工作的极端专注。(appreciate) Step 3 语篇提升训练 (语法填空)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。1When you own a house, there is always something that needs to be done. I have been putting off 1._ (repaint) the garage. I decided that it was time for me to repaint it this weekend. I went to 2. _ home improvement store early in the morning to get what I 3._ (need). I walked into the wonderful store and began looking 4. _ the paint department. I tried to find a store employee to ask about it, 5. _ there was no one in sight. I walked down the plumbing aisles (过道) and 6._ (final) found the paint department. I looked at the paint samples and found the color I wanted. I 7. _ (take) a number to have my paint mixed. When my number was called, I gave the employee the sample of the color I wanted. At the same time, I got some brushes and rags. After about twenty 8. _ (minute), the employee called 9. _ (I) number and I picked up my paint and the other supplies. I went to the counter, where I waited for 10. _ (much) than 10 minutes to pay. After all that, I was tired. But I haven't even started painting yet! Maybe I'll do that the next weekend.2I often walk from work to the Embarcadero BART station, where I catch a train back to the East Bay. Several times, I passed 1. _ gentleman who I thought was homeless. He had a lot of his things 2. _ (tie) down to his bike and held a cardboard sign saying he was a person who didn't drink or smoke, but would appreciate anything that could 3. _ (give). He usually had headphones on and was listening to the radio. Several times, 4. _ I passed him, I realized I had some food with me. So I turned around and offered 5. _ (he) the food (most recently, a hamburger). He took off his headphones, and said, "Umm, 6. _ (hamburger) are my favorite!" with a big smile on his face. He thanked me so 7. _ (warm). In the past, I met homeless people who turned down the food I was offering, 8. _ (say) that they wanted only money instead. So this 9. _ (amaze) gentleman being so open to receiving touched me. Am I grateful when I'm gifted 10. _ something? Sometimes yes, sometimes no, but rarely as sincere as this man has been.阅读理解A篇British English and American English are almost the same. But there are slight differences between British and American English in vocabulary, pronunciation, spelling and grammar. The first difference between British and American English is in vocabulary. Almost all of the words used in British English and American English are exactly the same. Only a very small number of words are used disparately. For example, when talking about the place where they live, Americans would say "apartment", but the British would say "flat". In addition to some common words, many idiomatic (惯用的) expressions are also different. In England people might say "I'll ring you up tonight", but in the US, people might say "I'll call you up tonight". The second difference between British and American English is in pronunciation. The main difference in pronunciation concerns the vowels (元音). Some American dialects and some British dialects use vowels in different ways. Sometimes, Americans and the British don't understand each other's pronunciation. But most of the time, they do understand each other's pronunciation because most of the sounds of the two dialects are the same. The third difference is very small. This is the difference in spelling. A few types of words are spelled differently in British and American English. The most common example is in a word like "center". In British English, this word would be spelled C-E-N-T-R-E, while in American English the same word would be spelled C-E-N-T-E-R. Another example is "or" vs "our". The word "color" is spelled C-O-L-O-U-R in Britain but C-O-L-O-R in the US. There are a few differences in grammar, too. The British may say "Have you got .?" while Americans prefer "Do you have .?" An American might say "My friend just arrived", but a British would say "My friend has just arrived". Sometimes function words are used differently: the British may say "at the weekend", but Americans would say "on the weekend".1.What is this passage mainly about?A. How the British communicate with Americans.B. How British English influences American English.C. The development of different languages.D. Differences between British and American English.2. What does the underlined word "disparately" in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Widely. B. Differently. C. Again. D. Often.3. According to Paragraph 3, Americans and the British may not understand each other because of _.A. the differences in spelling B. the different idiomatic expressionsC. the differences in grammar D. the different ways of using vowels4. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?A. B. C. D. BOnly about 10% of deaf people use sign language as their first language. Many people losing their hearing through illness or other causes prefer to speak or lip-read. Lip-reading is a difficult skill to acquire. Even the best lip-readers can catch only 25% 30% of what is being said. The percentage may be a little higher if the deaf people know the speakers well. This is because many mouth movements are similar and may look the same to them. Actually, many deaf people are not physically mute (哑的) and have the ability to speak. They do not want to be labeled as "deaf-mute". The reason why some deaf people may choose not to speak is that it is difficult for them to control the volume or sound of their voices in an understandable manner. Many deaf people do speak well, but they may speak to communicate when needed, such as shouting to get the attention of others. For some deaf people, English is a second language. So they struggle to understand written English, especially in highly stressful or serious situations, to better communicate with others. Of course, a sign language interpreter may be needed to make communication easier if the deaf people have a good grasp of sign language. Some people may be likely to shout at deaf people so as to make themselves fully understood. In fact, it doesn't work. If a speaker increases the volume of his voice, his face would become distorted (扭曲的) and it is more difficult for the deaf to lip-read. Hearing aids can increase sounds and may be helpful to some deaf people. However, some other deaf people may have a hearing loss that would distort sounds making sounds more difficult to understand. Still others don't benefit from hearing aids at all, particularly if they do not have any remaining hearing.5. What made lip-reading difficult to learn?A. Physical problems. B. Similar mouth movements.C. The stressful situations. D. Hearing loss.6. Why don't some deaf people choose to speak?A. Because they can't control their volume and sound.B. Because they can communicate better in sign language.C. Because they are afraid of being laughed at.D. Because speaking does harm to their voices.7. What can we infer from the passage?A. The deaf have difficulty in communication.B. Hearing aids are of little use to the deaf.C. The deaf communicate with others through facial expressions.D. Sign language interpreters communicate well with all deaf people.8. What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?A. To tell how the deaf communicate with others.B. To teach us how to communicate with the deaf.C. To call for the whole society to help the deaf.D. To express sympathy for the deaf people.