初中英语八年级下册复习Units 7—8.pptx

八年级下册Units 781.squaren.平方;正方形2.deepadj.深的;纵深的3.desertn.沙漠4.populationn.人口;人口数量5.ancientadj.古代的;古老的6.protectv.保护;防护7.wideadj.宽的;宽阔的8.thickadj.厚的;浓的9.includev.包括;包含10.conditionn.条件;状况11.succeedv.实现目标;成功12.achievev.达到;完成;成功13.forcen.力;力量14.naturen.自然界;大自然15.oceann.大海;海洋16.weighv.重量是;称的重量17.birthn.出生;诞生18.adultadj.成年的;成人的n.成人;成年动物19.bamboon.竹子20.researchn.&v.研究;调查21.awakeadj.醒着22.wildadj.野生的23.governmentn.政府;内阁24.hugeadj.巨大的;极多的Unit 825.treasuren.珠宝;财富26.islandn.岛27.hurryv.匆忙;赶快28.tooln.工具29.markn.迹象;记号;分数v.做记号;打分30.sandn.沙滩;沙31.landn.陆地;大地32.technologyn.科技;工艺33.foreveradv.永远34.abroadadv.在国外;到国外35.fann.迷;狂热爱好者36.modernadj.现代的;当代的37.recordn.唱片;记录v.录制;录(音)38.introducev.介绍;引见39.linen.行;排重 点 短 语1.feelfree(可以)随便(做某事)2.asfarasIknow就我所知3.takein吸入;吞入(体内)4.inthefaceof面对(问题困难等)5.achieveonesdream实现梦想6.eventhough/if即使;虽然7.atbirth出生时8.upto到达(某数量程度等);至多有;不多于9.walkinto走路时撞着10.fallover绊倒11.orso大约12.diefromillnesses死于疾病13.protect.from.保护免于的伤害14.goouttosea出海15.fullof满是的;(有)大量的;(有)丰富的16.writeabout写作关于的内容17.putdown放下18.hurryup赶快;急忙(做某事)19.sciencefiction科幻小说(或影片等)20.countrymusic乡村音乐21.eversince自从22.belongto属于23.oneanother互相24.introduce.to.把介绍给词 汇 拓 展1.deepadj._adv.深刻地;深沉地2.Asian._adj.&n.亚洲(人)的;亚洲人3.tourn.&v._n.旅行者;观光者4.protectv._n.保护;保卫5.wideadj._adv.广泛地;普遍地6.achievev._n.成就;成绩7.includev._prep.包括在内8.succeedv._n.成功9.naturen._adj.自然的Asiantouristprotectionwidelyachievementincludingsuccessnaturaldeeply10.keepv._n.饲养员;保管人11.awakeadj._v.弄醒;醒12.excitev._n.激动;兴奋13.illadj._n.疾病;病14.Frenchn._n.法国15.southn._adj.南方的16.laughv._n.笑;笑声17.beautifuladj._n.美;美丽18.introducev._n.介绍wakeexcitementillnessFrancesouthernlaughterbeautyintroductionkeeper重 点 句 型1.Whatisthehighestmountainintheworld?世界上最高的山是什么山?2.Itishigherthananyothermountain.它比其他任何一座山都要高3.TheCaspianSeaisthedeepestofallthesaltlakes.里海是所有咸水湖中最深的4.DidyouknowthatChinaisoneoftheoldestcountriesintheworld?你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗?5.HaveyoureadLittleWomenyet?你看过小妇人吗?No,Ihavent.不,没有6.Haveyoudecidedwhichbooktowriteaboutyet?你决定写关于哪本书了吗?Yes,Ihave.Ivealreadyfinishedreadingit.是的我已经读完那本书了语 法1.基数词(大数字的读法和数量的表达)2.形容词副词的比较级和最高级3.含有already和yet的现在完成时话 题Unit7有关世界的事实Unit8文学和音乐Qomolangmais8,844.43metershigh.珠穆朗玛峰高8844.43米(Unit7P49)【点拨】英语中长宽高深等的表达方式主要有以下两种:表达方式例句基数词+量词+形容词(作表语)Theriverisaboub100meterslong.这条河大约100米长基数词-量词-形容词(作定语)Thisisa10-meter-wideriver.这是一条10米宽的河注:(1)此处的形容词指的是表示“长宽高深”等的long,wide,high/tall,deep等(2)当数词2时,中的量词要用复数(3)为用连字符相连构成的复合形容词,量词用单数即学即练()1.Thereisanewbridgeovertheriverinmyhometown.Itisabout_.A.100meterlongB.100meterslongC.100-meter-long()2.AlthoughCindyisonlyan_child,shehasreadmanybooks.A.eight-year-oldB.eight-years-oldC.eightyearsoldBC【点拨】population是名词,意为“(某一地区的)人口,全体居民”,其用法如下:(1)population是集合名词,常被看作一个整体,一般不加s,常与定冠词the连用,当表示整体人口并作主语时,谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式如:Theworldspopulationisincreasing/growingfasterandfaster.全世界的人口增长得越来越快注意:有时population可用作可数名词,其前可用不定冠词a如:NewYorkisabigcitywithapopulationofover10million.纽约是一个有一千多万人口的大城市考点2Chinahasthebiggestpopulationintheworld.中国是世界上人口最多的国家(Unit7P50)(2)当population被百分数或分数修饰,表示“人口的百分之几或几分之几”并作主语时,谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可如:Onethirdoftheworldspopulationconsumes/consumetwothirdsoftheworldsresources.世界上三分之一的人口消耗着全球三分之二的资源(3)提问人口数量,一般用:Whatisthepopulationof.?相当于Howlargeisthepopulationof.?,而不用howmany或howmuch提问如:WhatisthepopulationofCanada?=HowlargeisthepopulationofCanada?加拿大有多少人口?(4)表示人口“多”用large/big,表示人口“少”用small,不用many/much/little/few如:Indiahasalargepopulation.印度人口众多Singaporehasasmallpopulation.新加坡人口少(5)表示“某地(城市地区或国家)有多少人口”时,常用以下两种句型:Thepopulationof+某地+be+数词.某地+hasapopulationof+数词.Thepopulationofthecityisabout5million.=Thecityhasapopulationofabout5million.这座城市大约有五百万人口即学即练()1._thepopulationofyourcity?About1million.A.HowisB.HowmuchisC.Whatis()2.Wemaymovetoanotherplanetinthefuturewiththepopulationincreasing.Ithinkso.Wewillhavenootherchoicesifitgetsalot_.A.LargeB.biggerC.moreCB考点3DidyouknowthatChinaisoneoftheoldestcountriesintheworld?你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗?(Unit7P50)【点拨】(1)oneof意为“之一”,其后常接名词或代词的复数形式当“oneof+名词或代词复数”在句中作主语时,中心词是one,其后的谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式如:Ihavemanybooks.TreasureIslandisoneofthem.我有很多书金银岛是其中的一本Oneofmyfriendsisgoingtostudyabroadnextyear.明年我朋友中的一位要出国留学(2)“oneof+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构,表示“中最之一”当其作主语时,其后的谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式如:OneofthebestwaystolearnEnglishistowatchEnglishmovies.学英语的最好方法之一是看英语电影AC即学即练()1.Oneofmyfriendsatennisplayerintheschoolteam.Really?Oh,thatsgreat!A.isB.amC.are()2.Shanghaiisoneofcitiesintheworld.A.BigB.biggerC.thebiggest考点4Evenmoreseriousdifficultiesincludefreezingweatherconditionsandheavystorms.更加严峻的困难包括极冷的天气状况和巨大的风暴(Unit7P51)【辨析】include,including与included，三者都有“包括”的意思,具体用法如下:单词词性含义用法include动词包括;把列为一部分作谓语,侧重指被包含者是整体的一部分including介词包括在内including+名词/代词(位于句中,前用逗号隔开),用于举例,含有补充说明之意included形容词包括在内名词/代词+included(位于句末,前用逗号隔开),起补充说明的作用注:(1)including虽是现在分词形式,一般用作介词(2)included是过去分词形式的形容词,其用法在初中阶段不要求掌握,理解即可Thetourincludedavisittothesciencemuseum.这次游览包括参观科学博物馆Thirtypassengerswerehurt,includingfivechildren.三十名乘客受伤,包括五个孩子Theywillsendyouthebookfor$15,postageincluded.他们将会把此书寄给你,单价15美元,包括邮资在内includesincluding即学即练用include的适当形式填空1.Itsafamousthemeparkand_fourdifferentparks.2.Thebandplayedmanysongs,_someofmyfavorites.thefirstwomantosucceedwasJunkoTabeifromJapanin1975.第一个成功(登顶)的女士是1975年来自日本的田部井淳子(Unit7P51)【辨析】success,succeed,successful与successfully单词词性含义用法例句success名词成功表示抽象意义的“成功”,是不可数名词;表示具体意义的“成功的人或事”,是可数名词Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失败是成功之母Thepartywasabigsuccess.这次聚会非常成功succeed动词成功;实现目标succeedindoingsth.成功做某事Jimsucceededingettingthejob.吉姆成功获得了那份工作单词词性含义用法例句successful 形容词 成功的可作表语或定语,besuccessfulindoingsth.成功做某事TheplaywasverysuccessfulonBroadway.那部剧在百老汇大获成功successfully副词成功地dosth.successfully成功地做某事Theyfinishedthetasksuccessfully.他们成功地完成了任务即学即练用success,succeed,successful与successfully填空1.Weare_infindinganewhouse.2.Theydidnthavemuch_inlife.3.Itriedtodiscussitwithherbutonly_inmakingherangry.4.Iamsureyouwillsolvetheproblem_ifyoutryagain.5.Mr.Blackisa_businessman.Thespiritoftheseclimbersshowsusthatweshouldnevergiveuptryingtoachieveourdreams.这些登山者的精神向我们表明:我们决不应该放弃实现自己梦想的尝试(Unit7P51)successfulsuccesssucceededsuccessfullysuccessful【辨析】achieve与cometrue两者都有“实现”的意思,具体区别如下:单词/短语用法achieve及物动词,意为“(通过努力)实现;取得;获取;达到(梦想成绩成功目的等)”,主语一般为人可用于被动语态cometrue不及物动词短语,意为“实现;成真”,主语一般为希望梦想等不可用于被动语态巧学妙记+achieve+=+cometrue如:Ihaveachievedmydream.=Mydreamhascometrue.我已经实现了我的梦想即学即练()1.Noonewill_anythingwithouteffort.A.realizeB.cometrueC.achieve()2.AslongasalltheChinesepeoplepulltogether,ourChinaDreamwill_.A.cometrueB.comeoutC.comeupCA考点7 HaveyoureadLittleWomenyet?你看过小妇人吗?Yes,Ihavealreadyreadit.是的,我已经看过它了(Unit8P57)单词含义用法例句already已经常用于现在完成时态的肯定句中(一般置于have/has之后,也可置于句末)Ihavealreadyseenthefilm.我已经看过这部电影了【辨析】already与yetyet还;已经常用于现在完成时态的否定句和疑问句中(一般置于句末)YetIhaventseenthefilmyet.我还没看过这部电影Haveyouseenthefilmyet?你已经看过这部电影了吗?注:already与yet通常与现在完成时连用【拓展】(1)already也可用于其他时态的疑问句中,表示惊奇,意为“已经;都”如:Isit10oclockalready?都十点钟了?(2)just(刚刚),ever(曾经),before(以前)等词也常与现在完成时连用如:Ihavejustheardthenews.我刚听到消息HaveyoueverclimbedtheGreatWall?你曾经登过长城吗?Ithinkwevemetbefore.我想我们以前见过面()1.Ihave_finishedmyhomework.Ifinisheditanhourago.A.yetB.alreadyC.ever()2.HaveyouhadtheEnglishtest_?No,not_.Butwevehadthemathtest_.A.already;yet;yetB.yet;already;yetC.yet;yet;already()3.“IwanttogotoMars,becauseitsaplacethatnoone_tobefore,”saidCarson.A.hasgoneB.hasbeenC.wasBCB考点8 ManysongsthesedaysarejustaboutmodernlifeintheUS,suchastheimportanceofmoneyandsuccess,butnotaboutbelongingtoagroup.近来,许多歌曲都只着重于描述美国的现代生活,比如金钱和成功的重要性,而没有呈现出一种集体归属感(Unit8P62)【点拨】belong作不及物动词,to是介词,后接sb./代词宾格,意为“属于某人”,主语多数为物;后接sth.时,可引申为“是的成员”belongto没有进行时态和被动语态,它可与物主代词或名词所有格进行同义转换如:Whatpartydoyoubelongto?你属于什么党派?Thewatchbelongstome.=Thewatchismine.这块手表是我的()1.Alice,isthishairbandyours?No,itsnotmine.AskKate.Maybeitbelongsto_.A.sheB.herC.hers()2.TheAmericanwarships(军舰)haveappearedneartheSouthChinaSeaIslandsagain.WemustlettheAmericansknowclearlythattheislands_China.A.comefromB.belongtoC.careaboutBB.语法填空()1._isthepopulationofChina?Itsabout1.3billion.A.HowmuchB.HowmanyC.What()2.ThepopulationofChina_largerthanthatofanyothercountryintheworld.Over51percentofthepopulationofChina_men.A.is;areB.are;isC.is;is()3.Asamother,Ihopemydaughtercan_allheraimsbytheendoftheyear,becauseshestudiessohard.A.AchieveB.finishC.cometrueCAA()4.Itsoneof_thingsintheworldtostaywithfriends.Iagree.Italwaysmakesusrelaxed.A.happiestB.thehappiestC.happy()5.OneofthecitiesthatIvisitedinHunanProvince_Zhangjiajiewhichisfamousforthemountainsthere.A.isB.areC.be()6.Thecharityshowisabig_.WehaveraisedmuchmoneyforProjectHope.A.SucceedB.successC.successful()7.OurforeignteacherMrGreen_usEnglishsince2013.A.TaughtB.hastaughtC.hadtaughtABBB()8.Wemustprotectwater_beingpolluted,becauseitsthesourceoflife.A.toB.inC.from.英汉互译9.Oneofthemainreasonsisthatpeoplewanttochallengethemselvesinthefaceofdifficulties._10.我知道成年熊猫比熊猫宝宝重很多倍_11.ThespiritoftheseclimbersshowsusthatweshouldnevergiveuptryingtoC其中一个主要的原因是人们想面对困难,挑战自我Iknowadultpandasaremanytimesheavierthanbabypandas.achieveourdreams._12.它提醒我们生活中最好的东西是免费的_13.我希望有一天看到他现场演唱_这些攀登者的精神向我们展示我们应该永不放弃努力去实现梦想Itremindsusthatthebestthingsinlifearefree.Ihopetoseehimsingliveoneday.