2024届山东省潍坊市高三下学期一模英语试题含答案.pdf

1/9学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司试卷类型：A潍坊市高三一模英语试题2024.3注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分 50分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANational Public Radio（NPR）Musics Tiny Desk Contest is back.Artists can submit an entry from this morning.This isnt just another regular year of the Contest-its the 10th anniversary.The panel（小组）of judges has doubled in size compared to previous years.The panel has a group of industry experts who are eager to see what this years participants can share.And theres a great team of NPRs Music station hosts on the panel:Amelia Mason,Novena Carmel and Stas THEE Boss.Also new this year:Not only will the 2024 winner play a Tiny Desk concert,be interviewed on All Things Considered and go on tour with NPR Music-theyll also be paired with a tutor in the industry who will help them navigate their music journey.Our judges are determined to give this years winner the support theyll need to take their music to the next level.The winner will also be featured at two festivals this summer:Celebrate Brooklyn and the Millennium Park Summer Music series in Chicago.And for the first time this year,the Contest is introducing a fan favorite vote.Later this spring,Contest judges will share their favorite entries as part of the annual Tiny Desk-Contest Top Shelf series on YouTube-and then artists and fans will be able to vote for their favorite among those selections.Heres how to enter:Record a video of you playing one original song-behind a desk,upload your video to YouTube,and submit the video on our Tiny Desk Contest website by Feb.21 at 11:59 p.m.A final reminder:Entry videos dont need to be fancy.The Tiny Desk is where artists go to simplify their big productions.Contest judges are looking for artists to submit something thats true to them and brand new to the Tiny Desk.1.Who are most likely among the judges?A.News station hosts.B.Expert musicians.C.Contest participants.D.Famous industrialists.2.What will the winner get as an award?2/9学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司A.Sightseeing tours.B.Festival souvenirs.C.Unlimited support.D.Professional guidance.3.What is required of the contest entry?A.It has to be a masterpiece.B.It must convey positive feelings.C.It must be recorded behind a desk.D.It has to be submitted before Feb.21.BOn a bright September day in the French Alps in 2022,John McAvoy was 38 kilometres into a very exhausting ultramarathon through rough mountain paths.Battling tiredness,he pushed his body and mind through the final leg of the race.With the finish arch in the famous town of Chamonix just four kilometres away and the cloud-topped peak of Mont Blanc high over him,McAvoy welled up with emotion.In that moment,he felt so free and alive.It was quite the opposite from where his life had been a decade before.He had just been released from prison after serving a 10-year sentence.Now 40 years old,McAvoy has spent the last 10 years rebuilding his life from one of crime to one with purpose.It was on this day,while running the ultramarathon,that he realized how impactful conquering（征服）this mountain run could be for inner-city kids like him.After all,sport had helped him live a normal life again and open up his world.It could do the same for others.With the help of Youth Beyond Borders,McAvoy started the Alpine Run Project,which recently led 12 disadvantaged British young people through their own Mont Blanc races.The participants,from refugees（难民）to young reformed criminals and those who grew up in Childrens home,were matched with coaches,consultants and physiotherapists.After a six-month training program,the youth travelled to the Alps to meet up with McAvoy for their race.McAvoy says the highlight of this project for him was watching Yasmin Mahamud,a 20-year-old refugee from Syria,run through the finish arch and into the arms of her new friends.It was a life-changing high for Mahamud,too-inspiring her to keep running,take up martial arts and go to university to study physiotherapy.It changed my point of view on life,says Mahamud.Pushing herself to complete the race gave her a brief experience of her own potential through hard work and devotion.I will always be thankful to John for giving me this opportunity and guidance.4.How did McAvoy feel before the finish arch?A.He felt totally collapsed.B.He was peaceful and hopeful.C.He was satisfied with his pace.D.He felt as if completely reborn.5.What can we learn about McAvoy from paragraph 3?A.He was a builder 10 years ago.B.He realized the importance of sport.C.He ran to make up for his past wrongs.D.He had sympathy for the inner-city children.6.Who most probably took part in the Mont Blanc races?A.A running coach.B.A travel lover.C.A homeless teenager.D.A skilled athlete.7.What message does McAvoys story convey?3/9学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司A.Live for the moment.B.Dream big and climb high.C.After the storm comes the rainbow.D.Run after the light and become the light.CPeople have come to understand the enormous impacts-beneficial as well as harmful-plastics have on human lives and the environment.As polymer（聚 台 物）scientists committed to inventing sustainable solutions for real-world problems,we set out to tackle the issue of plastic waste by rethinking the way polymers are designed so we could make plastics with recyclability built right in.Everyday items including milk jug,grocery bags,and takeout containers are made from a class of polymers called polyolefins.These plastics are really durable（耐用的）because the chemical bonds in those polymers are extremely stable.In a world set up for disposable（一次性的）items,durability is no longer a design feature but rather a design drawback.Imagine if half the plastics used today were recyclable through twice as many processes as they are now.Also conventional recycling requires careful sorting of all the collected materials.which can be challenging with so many different plastics.For example,separating paper from metal doesnt require complex technology,but sorting a container from a milk jug of a different polyolefin is difficult to do without the occasional mistake.In a study published in Science in October 2023,we described a series of polymers with only two building blocks-one soft polymer and one hard polymer-that behave like polyolefins but could be chemically recycled.Connecting two different polymers multiple times until they form a single,long molecule（分子）creates whats called a multiblock polymer.By changing how much of each polymer type goes into the multiblock polymer,our team produced a wide range of materials with properties that covered all polyolefin types.Using the same strategy but by adding hydrogen,we could disconnect the polymers back into their building blocks and easily separate them to use again.When we made new polymers out of these recycled plastics,they performed just as well as the original materials even after several rounds of chemical recycling.So we were able to create materials with similar properties of the plastics the world relies on.We believe this work is a step toward more sustainable plastics.8.What is paragraph 2 mainly about concerning plastics?A.Their multiple uses.B.Their chemical properties.C.Their recycling challenges.D.Their classification criteria.9.A key factor of producing diverse multiblock polymers is _.A.mixing building blocks with long moleculesB.integrating chemicals into the two polymersC.combining two different multiblock polymersD.adjusting the percentage of the two polymers10.Which is a feature of multiblock polymers?A.They are made from sustainable materials.4/9学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司B.They can be recycled by adding hydrogen.C.Their reliability outperforms traditional plastics.D.Their properties change with rounds of recycling.11.Which of the following might be the best title?A.Designing for RecyclingB.Classifying Plastic WasteC.Replace Plastics with PolymersD.Technology Creates the FutureDHiring processes can be thought of as a battle between integrity and dishonesty.You might imagine this is a simple fight between truth-seeking firms and self-promoting candidates,and to a certain extent it is.But companies themselves are prone（有倾向的）to bend reality out of shape in ways that are self-defeating.Start with the obvious wrongdoers:job applicants.When it comes to writing the resume（简历），they tend to massage（美化）reality into the most appealing shape possible.Everyone beyond a certain level of experience is a transformational leader personally responsible for generating millions income;the world economy would be about 15 times bigger than it actually is if all such claims were true.The average British spends four and a half hours a day watching TV and online videos.But each average job candidate is an enthusiast for public welfare,using their spare time only for worthy purposes,like volunteering in soup kitchens.But the tendency to stretch the truth infects companies as well as applicants.The typical firm will write a job description that invariably describes the work environment as fast-paced and innovative,and then lays out a set of improbable requirements for the ideal candidate,someone who almost by definition does not exist.Sometimes,the requirements include an ability to go back and change the course of history.Too few firms offer an accurate account of what a position actually involves in their job previews,which are supposed to give prospective employees a genuine sense of the negatives and positives of the job,as well as a clear idea of the companys corporate culture.One effective strategy is to lay out in text or video,what a typical day in the role would look like.Such honesty can be its own reward.Research has long suggested that realistic job previews lead to lower turnover and higher employee satisfaction.A paper in 2011 by David Eamest of Towson University and his co-authors concluded that favourable perceptions of the organisations honesty are the best explanation for why.So a process designed to uncover the truth about job applicants would run a lot more smoothly if firms were also honest about themselves.12.Why are leader and enthusiast mentioned in paragraph 2?A.To present a rule.B.To clarify a fact.C.To make a comparison.D.To explain a phenomenon.13.What does the underlined word stretch in paragraph 3 mean?A.Overstate.B.Overturn.C.Overlook.D.Overestimate.14.What are job previews expected to be like in paragraph 4?5/9学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司A.They show a position as it is.B.They are made either in text or video.C.They are favorable for bigger firms.D.They mainly contain negatives of a job.15.What does the text mainly talk about?A.Pains and gains of employees.B.How to get the lying out of hiring.C.How to be more appealing in hiring.D.A wrestle between applicants and companies.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Its not so long ago that contactless card payments were exciting and new,but the technology is already old-hat.The new,better way to pay for things in shops?By using your phone to make a contactless payment.Because traditionally,when you have paid with a card tap（轻敲）or using a chip and pin machine,ultimately the shop you are buying from will be noting down all of your card details.16 And this could be a problem-it mean that if the shop is hacked（侵入）or plays fast and loose with its data,you could find your card number exposed to the world.However,when you tap to pay with your device,it generates a unique ID number for that deal and sends that instead.So you can pay for your goods and the shop can get your money.17 That is to say,phone payments are smarter.18 If a pickpocket steals your card they can immediately use up the money.But if they get your phone,when the phone goes to pay it will typically perform a biometric check-it will ask for a finger-print or use the camera to look at your face,to check that you are who you say you are.19 Because of this added security,the limit（限 额）is typically higher than for contactless cards.In the UK,its around 100 for most retailers-though some shops including most supermarkets let you spend much more with just a tap of the phone.Want to give it a try?To actually set things up,go to your Wallet app and follow the instructions.20 Then it will automatically recognise the numbers and connect with your bank.Usually you receive a text message with a special code on it.And then,well,youre done.When you pay,hold your phone over the payment machine,and pay for your goods!A.It helps to build the client list.B.The setup process varies with banks.C.No one needs to share any sensitive data.D.Its also more effective against the threat of thefts.E.And phone payments are increasingly convenient too.F.Typically this starts by scanning your card with your phone.G.Therefore,it knows which bank account to take the money from.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）分）6/9学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。My long-distance cycling career of 13 years and 35,000 kilometres ended as I approached 75.Although I am now no longer strong enough to 21 the long days and big climbs,day in and day out,I have my memories.The road behind is just memories,some soon to be forgotten,others to be 22 and enhanced with the retelling.A 6000-kilometre cross-country ride initially appears 23 ,but,once done,it is simply done,much like the challenges that life 24 .Real 25 would come when I was alone on my bicycle.I enjoyed meeting and even 26 the daily targets I had set for myself.I enjoyed the technical challenges faced by tire bursts and loose handlebars,but 27 not at that time.I loved cycling with a strong tailwind pushing me along and hated 28 into a strong headwind.I loved striking up conversations with a diversity of people and sincerely appreciated the support and comfort they 29 .Long distance cycling brings unbearable exhaustion,long hours of anxiety,even fear and desperation,but these 30 into insignificance,compared to the joy and 31 of climbing huge mountains or seeing fantastic sights for the first time.The experiences add newness and 32 to my life and the memories are 33 .Most importantly,cycling taught me to know myself better.It eventually dawned on me that I had more 34 and courage than I ever imagined.The self-awareness and long-lasting memories will give me enormous 35 as I carry on my life journey.21.A.appreciateB.chooseC.expectD.stand22.A.treasuredB.exploredC.createdD.discussed23.A.boringB.annoyingC.confusingD.discouraging24.A.overcomesB.greetsC.throwsD.ignores25.A.lonelinessB.joyC.convenienceD.panic26.A.makingB.changingC.beatingD.finalizing27.A.reasonablyB.admittedlyC.fortunatelyD.hopefully28.A.battlingB.slippingC.fallingD.wandering29.A.ownedB.offeredC.mentionedD.promised30.A.fitB.paleC.runD.back31.A.reflectionB.anticipationC.satisfactionD.motivation32.A.secretsB.rulesC.decisionsD.dimensions33.A.reliableB.flexi