2024届甘肃省兰州市高三下学期诊断考试英语试卷含答案.pdf

学科网（北京）股份有限公司2024 年兰州市高三诊断考试年兰州市高三诊断考试英语英语注意事项：注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号框。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号框。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分第一部分 听力（共两节，满分听力（共两节，满分 30 分）分）注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节第一节（共（共 5 小题；小题；每小题每小题 1.5 分，分，满分满分 7.5 分）分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15答案是 C。1.What is the woman doing?A.Attending a party.B.Making an invitation.C.Checking into a hotel.2.How much will the woman pay for the book?A.$14.B.$16.C.$18.3.What are the speakers mainly talking about?A.A book.B.A writer.C.A review.4.What is the weather like now?A.Cloudy.B.Sunny.C.Rainy.5.What are the speakers discussing?A.A competition.B.A language.C.A book.第二节第二节（共（共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 22.5 分）分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6.What is Andy going to do?A.Play football.B.Pick up his friend.C.Watch a game.学科网（北京）股份有限公司7.Which of the following will Andy tidy up?A.The sitting room.B.The bedrooms.C.The kitchen.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。8.How did Tony learn to play the piano?A.By taking classes.B.By teaching himself.C.By learning from his father.9.Why does Tony take a part-time job?A.To be with children.B.To gain some experience.C.To earn money.10.What will Tony talk about next?A.His childhood.B.His future plans.C.His college life.听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。11.Why will Tom travel to Thailand?A.To see a net friend.B.To visit his relatives.C.To learn about Thai culture.12.Where will Tom live during his time in Thailand?A.At a hotel.B.At a friends home.C.At a school dormitory.13.Who is Karen?A.The womans aunt.B.The womans cousin.C.The womans daughter.听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。14.Why does Anna make the call?A.To report a loss.B.To ask for advice.C.To make an apology.15.Who is the owner of the necklace?A.Jack.B.Michelle.C.Lisa.16.Where is Anna?A.At home.B.At a hotel.C.At a jewelry store.17.What will Anna do first?A.Go to a party.B.Do the shopping.C.Give Lisa a call.听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。18.Why did the speaker go to the small park?A.To organize an activity.B.To do some cleaning.C.To take a walk.19.Where does the speakers mother work?A.At a hospital.B.At a school.C.At a park.20.What did the speaker think of her volunteer experience?A.Challenging.B.Tiring.C.Enjoyable.第二部分第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分分，满分 37.5 分）分）学科网（北京）股份有限公司阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AArchitectural Wonders Inspired by NatureAtomium:BrusselsOriginally constructed for the 1958 Worlds Fair,or Expo 58,this weird（古怪的）building features nine interconnected spheres（球体）measuring 335-feet high.Engineer Andre Waterkeyn and architects Andre and Jean Polak modeled it after an iron crystal enlarged 165 billion times to represent faith in scientific progress.Today the interior is home to a museum and several temporary exhibits.The Cube Houses:RotterdamDespite all the hard angles and straight lines,architect Piet Blom actually took inspiration from a forest of trees when designing these Dutch houses back in 1977.Each bright yellow cube is tilted（倾斜的）on its side by 45 degrees and anchored to a hexagon-shaped pylon（六边形塔架）,representing a tree.The entrance to each three-level house lies inside the concrete trunk that contains a staircase.Taipei 101:TaipeiStanding at 1,671 feet tall,this 101-story skyscraper was the tallest building in the world when it opened in Taipeis modern Xinyi District in 2004.Renowned architect C.Y.Lee modeled it after a bamboo stalk,and its repetitive sections are full of symbolism.There are a total of eight parts comprised of eight floors each-a lucky number in Chinese culture.Helix Bridge:SingaporeAn international team,assembled from Architects 61 in Singapore,designed this footbridge stretching over Marina Bay,linking the famous hotel and shopping center with the ArtScience Museum and Gardens by the Bay.The inspiration comes from the double helix（螺旋的）structure of a DNA molecule.Opened in 2010,the 919-foot long curved structure has five viewing platforms,giving pedestrians spectacular views of the skyline from across the waterfront.21.What was the original purpose of building Atomium?A.Preparing for Expo 58.B.Preparing for a museum.C.Preparing for some exhibits.D.Preparing for an iron crystal.22.What is special about The Cube Houses?A.They are very straight like big trees.B.Each cube is tilted about 45 degrees.C.They are the oldest of the 4 buildings.D.They are designed by a famous architect.23.Where should you go if you want to visit well-known hotels?A.To Atomium.B.To the Cube Houses.C.To Taipei 101.D.To Helix Bridge.B学科网（北京）股份有限公司For the past 8 years,K-9 officer Roni has been by the side of Officer Joel Nitchman of the Deer Park,Texas police department.Theyve been through a lot together,and the cop（警察）thinks of the dog as a member of his own family.Recently,the team had just returned to the station when an EF-3 tornado suddenly formed nearby.The wind picked up fast.Remembering Roni was still inside his cage in the patrol car,Joel didnt think twice about rushing outside into the storm to get his partner.The thought of ruins,or the car flipping over.I couldnt do that to him,said Joel.I couldnt have him out there during that.He felt debris（碎片）hitting his face as he headed into the wind,and he knew the situation was worsening with every passing second.Conditions worsened even further when Joel made it around to the other side of the car.The wind and rain were so strong that he couldnt get the door open.When he finally opened it,Roni refused to move.I could barely open his door,Joel said.When I did,hes a smart dog,he saw what was going on outside and he said Im not coming out.With a lot of coaxing（劝诱）,Roni finally followed his partner out of the car,and Joel was able to lead him by the collar back into the safety of the station.Never been through anything like this before,Joel said of the frightening event.Now that the danger has passed,he feels even closer to his K-9 partner,and hed do it all over again,if he had.I love that dog,he explained.Hes a part of our family.We cant leave a loved one like that.Theres no way I was going to leave him like that.Well done,officer!Its nice to know that these cops have each others backs through thick and thin.24.What is the relationship between Roni and Joel like?A.Plain.B.Distant.C.Terrible.D.Inseparable.25.Why did Joel rush out despite the coming disaster?A.Roni was still on duty outside.B.He attempted to get the car inside.C.He went to rescue Roni stuck in the car.D.He wanted to learn more about the tomado.26.What is the most unexpected difficulty during the rescue of Roni?A.Lack of official help.B.Ronis fear of the danger.C.The poor quality of the door.D.The unsafe situation of the station.27.How does the experience influence Roni and Joel?A.They are more attached to each other.B.They are now living closer to each other.C.They have more loved ones in their lives.D.They are more independent of each other.CThe oceans play a crucial role in lightening global warming by absorbing carbon dioxide emissions.However,in a study conducted by the University of Texas,researchers found that the oceans capacity to absorb carbon dioxide(CO)would reach its maximum by 2100 and decrease to half of its current efficiency by 2300,based on a climate simulation（模拟）that was set for a worst-case emissions scenario（设想）.学科网（北京）股份有限公司The decline happens because of a surface layer of low-alkalinity（碱度）water that can hinder the ability of the oceans to absorb CO.Alkalinity affects how much CO can dissolve in seawater.Although the emissions scenario used in the study is unlikely because of global efforts to limit greenhouse gas emissions,the findings reveal a previously unknown tipping point that if activated would release an important brake on global warming.We need to think about these worst-case scenarios to understand how our CO emissions might affect the oceans not just this century,but next century and the following centuries.Climate simulations had previously shown that the oceans slow their absorption of CO over time,but none had considered alkalinity as an explanation.We recalculated pieces of a 450-year simulation until we hit on alkalinity as a key cause of the slowing.said Megumi Chikamoto,who led the research at the University of Texas Institute.The effect begins with extreme climate change,which slows ocean currents.This leaves the surface of the oceans covered in a warm layer of fresh water that wont mix easily with the cooler,more al kaline waters below it.That means more of it is left behind in the atmosphere.This in turn produces faster warming,which sustains and strengthens the low-alkalinity surface layer.Co-author,Pedro DiNezio,said that the discovery was a powerful reminder that the world needs to reduce its CO emissions to avoid crossing this and other tipping points.28.What may happen after the year 2300?A.More CO will be absorbed by the oceans.B.The oceans will lose all their current efficiency.C.The world will face even more severe warming.D.The oceans will be less crucial to global warming.29.What does the underlined word hinder in paragraph 2 probably mean?A.Improve.B.Weaken.C.Protect.D.Control.30.What does Megumi Chikamoto say about the oceans?A.Finding why they slow CO intake is hard.B.Their ability to absorb CO is at their maximum.C.They will decide on the future of human beings.D.They will slow down CO absorption very quickly.31.Where is this text probably taken from?A.A biology textbook.B.A government report.C.Science fiction.D.An environmental journal.DThe ability to track animals and plants is up in the air literally thanks to help from an unexpected source.Around the globe,many air quality control stations filter（过滤）air through small paper disks on a daily or weekly basis,allowing scientists to ensure concentrations of harmful pollutants such as heavy metals are below certain levels.But the filters also pick up plant and animal DNA having been scattered（播撒）into the wind.The eDNA,short for environmental DNA,on those filters could make air quality control stations a treasure house of samples cataloging local animals and plants.Such records could help researchers track biodiversity at a larger scale and more easily catch species declines or track how ecosystems are changing overall.Were effectively carrying on with it for a totally new use,says Elizabeth Clare,a molecular ecologist at York 学科网（北京）股份有限公司University.It never occurred to us that these filters capturing particulate（微粒的）matter could even be analyzed for eDNA,says James Allerton,an air quality scientist in England.That changed whenAllerton read a news story about two studies where scientists cleared animal DNA out of thin air at two zoos,one in England led by Clare and another in Denmark.Learning about the potential for capturing eDNA sparked a light bulb moment,Allerton says,and he reached out to Clare to cooperate.Clare,Allerton and colleagues analyzed filters from the Teddington facility that were exposed to surrounding air for one hour,one day or one week.The team also examined eight-month-old filters from an air quality control station in Scotland that had each been exposed to air for a week.Genetic material in the filters revealed the presence of more than 180 different types of local animal groups including pine trees,badgers,owls,fungi and news.That volume is surprising given that the filters and storage conditions werent set up with eDNA in mind.That the researchers recovered so much eDNA from a system designed to monitor air quality shows how common airborne（空气中的）DNA is and how much biodiversity data could be up for grabs.32.What is the new use of air quality control stations?A.To purify air by decreasing pollutants in it.B.To study the links between man and animals.C.To concentrate on effects of animals on climate.D.To help track the categories of animals and plants.33.How does James Allerton react to the technology of capturing eDNA?A.He felt doubtful and hesitant to use it.B.He felt useful but reluctant to admit it.C.He felt unimaginable but ready to accept it.D.He felt amazed but refused to have an attempt.34.What can we learn from the last paragraph?A.Airborne DNA is quite uncommon in the system.B.Over 180 types of living plants have been detected.C.It is not easy for researchers to collect biodiversity data.D.Researchers didnt take eDNA into account in the first place.35.Which of the following is the best title for the text?A.Air Pollutants are Found in Animals and PlantsB.Tracking Evolution of Living Things Benefits eDNAC.Air Pollution Monitoring May Help Track BiodiversityD.eDNA Technology Proves a Big Success in Air Detection第二节（共第二节（共 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分分，满分 12.5 分）分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Create Good Habits学科网（北京）股份有限公司Have you ever made a promise to yourself that you didnt keep?Commonly,when the new year ticks over,we make resolutions:going to the gym,studying harder or giving up a bad habit._36_.But what if you want to create a new good habit?Well,its possible,but willpower might not be the only thing you need.The basic idea of a habit is something we do almost unconsciously,as if youre on autopilot._37_.Good habits can be part of your daily routine.But if we dont have those habits,how can we create them?According to a study published by the European Journal of Social Psychology,it takes an average of 66 days to form a new habit.However,relying only on determination may not be the answer.Questioning why you want something to be the norm（标准）rather than relying on your resolve（决心）could be the key._38_?The issue is,willpower could be subject to your mood a bad mood may mean you dont want to do something._39_.Giving up all your favourite foods,going to the gym,and stopping drinking at the same time will probably result in failure rather than sustainable practice.And dont worry about failing just start again!Finally,dont do things outside your comfort zone.If you hate mushrooms,dont persevere and try to add them to your diet just to be healthier._40_!It might not be quick,but if you follow these tips,you may be able to change something for the better or kick a bad habit.A.Eat something you likeB.Learn something new every dayC.You should also avoid trying to change too much at onceD.Sadly,not long after weve made the promise,we often end up breaking themE.An example of this would be having breakfast or saying please and thank youF.Is it of great importance for people to form a good habit of keeping a balanced dietG.Do you want to lose weight because you want to be healthier or feel more attractive第