专题17 遗失的法国信件-高中英语时文阅读外刊精选精练（解析版）.docx

优点英语高中英语时文阅读外刊精选精练专题17遗失的法国信件【原文·外刊阅读】体裁：新闻报道 题材：人与社会 难度： 词数：374词 建议用时：9分钟Scores of French love letters from the mid-18th century have been opened and studied for the first time since they were written. The letters sent to French sailors by wives, siblings and parents never made it to their intended recipients, but they offer rare insight into the lives of families affected by war.Sent between 1757-58 during the Seven Years War, the letters were mostly addressed to the crew of the Galatée warship, and the French postal administration forwarded them from port to port in hopes of reaching the sailors. But when the British Navy captured the Galatée in April 1758, French authorities forwarded the batch of letters to England.The 104 letters are written on heavy, expensive paper, and some have red wax seals. Renaud Morieux, the historian of the University of Cambridge, discovered them in the digital remainders of Britain's National Archives. Morieux spent months decoding(解码) the letters, and published his findings Monday in the French history journal Annales. In one letter, Marguerite Lemoyne, a 61-year-old mother, scolds her son Nicolas Quesnel for not writing:"On the first day of the year. you have written to your fiancée. I think more about you than you about me.In any case I wish you a happy new year filled with blessings of the Lord. I think I am for the tomb, I have been ill for three weeks. Give my compliments to Varin, it is only his wife who gives me your news." "The son who's at sea is only writing to his fiance, and the mother gets really annoyed about that," Morieux said. The letters also demonstrate the difficulty of long-distance communication in the 1750s. Many of the senders, like Lemoyne, were likely illiterate and dictated their messages to a copyist. Moreover, sending a letter to a ship constantly on the move during wartime was difficult and unreliable, and families often sent multiple copies of letters to different ports.In an effort to maximize the chances of successfully communicating with a loved one, each letter had multiple messages crammed onto the paper, often from different families and addressed to multiple crewmates. To Morieux, the letters show how communities stay resilient(有韧性的) in times of crisis.【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要讲述了数十封在18世纪中期法国战争期间，所书写的情书首次被公开和研究。这些信件揭示了战争对普通人民的生活和家庭产生了很大影响。【原创·阅读理解】1. What can we learn about the love letters ? A. They were written by miserable French sailors.B. They documented the impact of war on families.C. They were researched many times in 1758.D. They were nicely preserved in Britain's National Archives.【答案】D【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“The 104 letters are written on heavy, expensive paper, and some have red wax seals. Renaud Morieux, the historian of the University of Cambridge, discovered them in the digital remainders of Britain's National Archives”可知，这些信件用又重又贵的纸书写，有些还有红色的蜡封，被保存在英国国家档案馆。故选D项。2. What can we know about Lemoyne in the fourth paragraph ? A. She had no knowledge of her son's situation.B. She had a terrible relationship with her daughter-in-law.C. She deeply loved and missed her son.D. She was seriously ill and bought a tomb.【答案】C【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容“In any case I wish you a happy new year filled with blessings of the Lord”可知，Lemoyne虽然对儿子很少给自己写信不满，但是她始终深深地爱着且祝福儿子。故选C项。3. What does the underlined word “illiterate” mean in paragraph 5 ? A. Passionate.B. Frustrated.C. Individual.D. Uncultured.【答案】D【解析】 词义猜测题。根据文章第五段“Many of the senders, like Lemoyne, were likely illiterate and dictated their messages to a copyist”中，并列连词and后所述“向抄写员口述他们的信息”可知，很多如Lemoyne的邮寄者很可能是“不识字的”。故选D项。 4. Why did people send letters to several crewmates ? A. To accurately convey more information.B. To establish good relationships with other crewmates.C. To make sure gain connection with loved ones.D. To handle community crisis in a timely manner.【答案】C【解析】 细节理解题。从文章最后一段第一句话“In an effort to maximize the chances of successfully communicating with a loved one”可知，为了最大限度地提高与亲人成功沟通的机会，每封信都在纸上塞了多条信息，并发给多名船员。故选C项。 【精选·名校好题】（2023·黑龙江实验中学期中）Quietly sitting there reading, I found myself suddenly listening to the train guards announcements. Train travelers will surely agree that when the guard makes an announcement, whether its the recorded message or the guards message, few people listen to it, because its often quite dull or hard to understand. This one was different. I noticed that other passengers appeared to be listening, too. Not only that, everyone was smiling!Why was so much attention being paid to this message? As best I can recall the guard said something along these lines, “Good Morning Ladies, Gentlemen and Children, this is the 7: 35 a.m. from Penrith to Central and youll be pleased to know that we are right on time. And what a lovely morning it is in Sydney today. The sun is shining, birds are singing, and alls right with the world. I trust you have a great day wherever youre going. Thanks for catching my train this morning and I hope to see you again soon.”Quite a few people (obviously previous strangers) started talking to one another about the guards excellent message and how good it had made everyone feel. I started thinking about this, and then I found the young guard and said “Were you the guard on the 7: 35 a.m. from Penrith?” The guard seemed a bit stunned at first, replying, “Yes, yyyyes.” “Well, I really appreciate your announcement. Thank you for your extremely good message, which gave me and the other passengers such a good start to the day. Please keep doing it.” I said.There are two messages for me in what happened that day. Firstly, when people are happy in their work it shows in what they do and say. Secondly, the story attaches much importance to the benefits that accumulate from thanking people for something theyve done, particularly when its not expected. Can you imagine the conversation that guard would have when he got home?1Why do few train travelers listen to the announcements?AThe messages are unattractive.BThe guards voice is not clear.CThey usually feel sleepy.DThey are absorbed in books.2What does the underlined word “stunned” in Paragraph 3mean?APatient.BCautious.CSurprised.DExcited.3What might the guard talk about with his family when he got home?AThe beautiful weather.BThe recorded message.CThe train from Penrith.DThe unexpected appreciation.4Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AAn Intelligent Guard. BA Boring Train Story.CA Different Train Announcement.DA Lovely Morning in Sydney.【答案】1A 2C 3D 4C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者坐火车听到了一则不同寻常的火车通知。列车员快乐阳光的广播给乘客们带来了好心情。作者对列车员表示了感谢。1细节理解题。根据第一段“Train travelers will surely agree that when the guard makes an announcement, whether its the recorded message or the guards message, few people listen to it, because its often quite dull or hard to understand. (坐火车的人肯定会同意，当列车员发出通知时，无论是录音还是列车员的通知，很少有人听，因为它通常很无聊或很难理解)”可知，几乎没乘客听火车上的通知是因为它比较无聊或难理解，即“不吸引人”。故选A。2词义猜测题。根据第三段年轻列车员所回复的“Yes, yyyyes.”可知，他起初有点惊讶，所以才会有点口吃，因为人们一般对火车的通知消息不关注，所以划线词stunned表示“惊讶的”。故选C。3推理判断题。根据第三段作者所说的话“Well, I really appreciate your announcement. Thank you for your extremely good message, which gave me and the other passengers such a good start to the day. Please keep doing it. (嗯，我真的很感谢你的通知。谢谢你非常好的公告，让我和其他乘客有了一个良好的开始。请继续这样做。)”可知，年轻列车员在火车上收到了乘客的感谢，这是他没想到的，所以他回家后可能会和家人分享这次“出乎意料的感谢经历”。故选D。4主旨大意题。通读全文，本文主要讲述了作者坐火车听到了一则不同寻常的火车通知。列车员快乐阳光的广播给乘客们带来了好心情。作者对列车员表示了感谢，所以C选项“A Different Train Announcement. (一则不同的火车通知)”符合标题。故选C。（2023·华中师大一附中期中）Soaring to 29, 035 feet, the famous Mount Everest had long been considered unclimbable due to the freezing weather, the obvious potential fall from cliffs and the effects of the extreme high altitude, often called “mountain sickness.” But that was to be changed by Edmund Hillary.When he was invited to join the British Everest expedition in 1953, Edmund Hillary was a highly capable climber. The glacier-covered peaks in his hometown in New Zealand proved a perfect training ground for the Himalaya. It was his fourth Himalayan expedition in just over two years and he was at the peak of fitness.On May 28, 1953, Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay, an experienced Sherpa (夏尔巴人) set out and reached the South Summit by 9 a. m. next day. But after that, the ridge (山脊) slightly fell before rising suddenly in a rocky spur (尖坡) about 17 meters high just before the true summit. The formation is difficult to climb due to its extreme pitch because a mistake would be deadly. Scratching at the snow with his ax, Hillary managed to overcome this enormous obstacle, later to be known as the Hillary Step.At 11:30 a. m, the two men found themselves standing at the top of the world. “Not until we were about 50 feet of the top was I ever completely convinced that we were actually going to reach the summit.” Hillary later recounted, “Of course I was very, very pleased to be on the summit, but my first thought was a little bit of surprise. After all, this is the ambition of all mountaineers.”Emerging as the first to summit Mount Everest, Hillary Hillary continued by helping explore Antarctica, and establishing the Himalayan Trust (信托基金), through which he provided a number of beneficial services to the Himalayan peoples. He also a sizeable legacy that mountain climbers have chased ever since. As a young climber said, “It was not just Hillary and Tenzing that reached the summit of Mount Everest. It was all of humanity. Suddenly, all of us could go.”5What made Edmund Hillary a capable climber on the 1953 expedition?AHis undisputed reputation.BHis remarkable physical condition.CHis previous training on Mount Everest.DHis exceptional ability to adapt to the cold.6What does the Hillary Step refer to?AA mistake Hillary avoided making.BA steep spur of rock Hillary conquered.CAn ax Hillary used to scratch snow.DA sudden fall of a ridge Hillary skipped.7What was Hillarys initial feeling upon reaching the summit of Mount Everest?AOverwhelming joy.BEnormous pride.CComplete disbelief.DA touch of astonishment.8What was the impact of Hillarys achievement on mountaineering?AIt opens up possibilities for other climbers.BIt enabled him to give back to his hometown.CIt left financial benefits for climbers to pursue.DIt led to friendly regulations for mountaineering.【答案】5B 6B 7D 8A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了登山者Edmund Hillary攀登珠峰的尝试以及他对后人的影响。5细节理解题。根据第二段“It was his fourth Himalayan expedition in just over two years and he was at the peak of fitness.(这是他在两年多的时间里第四次去喜马拉雅探险，他正处于健康的巅峰)”可知，是卓越的身体状况让埃德蒙·希拉里在1953年的探险中成为一名有能力的登山者。故选B。6细节理解题。根据第三段“But after that, the ridge slightly fell before rising suddenly in a rocky spur  about 17 meters high just before the true summit. The formation is difficult to climb due to its extreme pitch because a mistake would be deadly. Scratching at the snow with his ax, Hillary managed to overcome this enormous obstacle, later to be known as the Hillary Step.(但在那之后，山脊略有下降，然后在真正的顶峰前突然上升，形成一个约17米高的岩石尖坡。由于坡度太大，这个阵型很难攀爬，因为一个错误将是致命的。希拉里用斧头刨雪，克服了这个巨大的障碍，后来被称为“希拉里台阶”)”可知，“希拉里台阶”指的是希拉里征服了一处陡峭的岩尖。故选B。7细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Of course I was very, very pleased to be on the summit, but my first thought was a little bit of surprise.(当然，我非常非常高兴能登上顶峰，但我的第一个想法是有点惊讶)”可知，希拉里登上珠穆朗玛峰的第一感觉有点惊讶。故选D。8细节理解题。根据最后一段“He also a sizeable legacy that mountain climbers have chased ever since. As a young climber said, “It was not just Hillary and Tenzing that reached the summit of Mount Everest. It was all of humanity. Suddenly, all of us could go.”(他还留下了一笔可观的遗产，从那以后，登山者们一直在追逐他。正如一位年轻的登山者所说，“登上珠穆朗玛峰顶峰的不只是希拉里和丹增。这是全人类。突然间，我们所有人都可以去了。”)”可知，希拉里的成就为其他登山者提供了可能性。故选A。优点英语