完形填空4大解题技法讲义 2023届高考英语二轮复习.docx

完型填空4大解题技法技法1利用逻辑关系解题所谓的逻辑关系是指文章在语法或语意上存在的并列、顺承、转折、 因果、目的等关系。考生只有在透彻理解文意的基础上，才能对句内或句 组的上下文逻辑关系做出正确的判断，从而选出正确答案。因此，考生须 掌握常见逻辑关系的标志词(如：and, but, however, then, so, because, instead of, so as to等)，通过标志词透彻理解上下文的文意。典例1 (2022新高考I卷)I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was _44_, and his crying let the whole campground know it.44. A.unhurtB. unfortunateC. uncomfortableD. unafraid解题思路：本题属于句内层次题。根据空格所在句的下文“his crying” 可知，上文“He was 里 ”与下文“his crying”之间在文意上存在“因 果”逻辑关系，即“某种原因造成我儿子的哭”。结合选项可知， uncomfortable最符合文意。典例2 (2020新高考全国卷I)A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 24(damage) it caused had driven away a number of birds. 25, the number of snakes had declined as well.25. A.BesidesB. HoweverC. ThereforeD. Otherwise解题思路：本题属于句组层次题。根据空格所在句的上文“the 24(damage) it caused had driven away a number of bird”和下文"the number of snakes had declined”可知，上下文所表示的都是洪灾所带来的 后果，在文意上存在逻辑上的递进关系。结合选项可知，Besides最符合文意。技法2利用语义复现解题语义复现是指同一语篇内词汇相同(原词)或者词汇在词义上存在同 义、近义、同源、上义或下义关系的现象。考生可以利用这些词汇特点并 结合具体语境来解题。典例1 (2022新高考I卷)My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.Some of our 41(memories) are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we 4? along Chalk Creek.42. A.campedB. droveC. walkedD. cycled解题思路：本题属于句组层次题。根据空格所在句的上文“camping experiences55可知，作者是在回忆多年前的野营经历。故可推知此处意为 沿Chalk Creek野营。该空与上文camping为同源词复现。典例2 (2020浙江7月高考)Lamb and mother 39(reuiiited), I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This was so 40(unexpected) because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out. 41.(Obviously) Don had somehow made the _4? move.42. A.lambB. vehicleC. seatD. fence解题思路：本题属于句组层次题。根据上文“the tractor”可知，此处 指Don以某种方式使车辆(vehicle)动了起来。vehicle是tractor的上义词， 属于上义词复现，故选B。o技法3利用固定搭配解题完形填空题对固定搭配的考查主要是动词、形容词和介词、副词的搭配。考生须在平时多积累这些搭配的意义与用法，才能快速准确地解答这 类题目典例1 (2022浙江1月高考)Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had 39(similar) problems and discovered that they were largely suffering in _40 . “Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so 4L(insignificaiitk " she said. “But more and more are suffering and lives are being 42(compromised) ”40. A.turnB. peaceC. vainD. silence解题思路：本题属于句组层次题。根据下文的"Nobody chooses to talk about it”可知，她发现他们很大程度上都默默地忍受着折磨。in silence是 固定短语，意为“默默地”。典例2 (2021全国甲卷)Thafs when things went 49 > “I remember walking down the long 5O.(ha。)and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls9 " Burchill said in a recent letter of 5L(apology) to the 4-star hotel.49. A.farB. funnyC. wrongD. blind解题思路：本题属于句组层次题。根据空格所在句的下文“opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seaguHs”可知，作者所住的酒店 的房间里飞入了一些海鸥，所以此处表示出麻烦了。go wrong是固定搭 配，意为“出问题，出麻烦”。典例3 (2020新高考全国卷II)When Jim Grant spotted black smoke coming out of a building on his way to work, he 4L(stopped) his car to call 911. Then he _4? a U-turn, circling back to take another look.B. made42. A.sawC. missedD. crossed解题思路：本题属于句内层次题。根据空格所在句的下文aa U-turn, circling back to take another look（转了个 U 型弯，绕回来再看一看）”可 知,made符合文意。make a U-turn是固定搭配，意为“转了一个U型 弯；掉头”。技法4利用文化或生活常识解题一些完形填空题经常会涉及文化或生活常识方面的知识，这些文化或 生活常识主要靠考生平时的阅读积累，从某种程度上来说，此类问题主要 考查考生的学习视野和知识面。典例1 （2021新高考I卷）My best friend Betsy's father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 41 little bunny （兔子）cakes for all its 42 throughout Cleveland.41. A.soldB.orderedC. madeD.reserved42. A.storesB.familiesC. schoolsD.citizens解题思路：本题属于句内层次题。根据第41、42题空格所在句中的 信息词“at Easter time（复活节时间）”可知，该题与节日习俗有关。西方 国家的复活节的象征主要有复活节彩蛋和复活节兔子，它们是节日期间的 畅销商品。许多食品工厂生产兔子形状的食品并送到各地的商店售卖。故 第41题和42题的答案分别是made和stores0典例2 (2021全国乙卷)One afternoon, while 45.(attemDting) to get into bed she collapsed (倒 下)from what was 46(eventtiaHy) discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, " the emergency medical team and good teamwork.47. A.assessingC. formingB. requiringD. proving解题思路：本题属于句组层次题。根据上文“collapsed”的提示可知，病人 此次倒下的后果很严重。病人跌倒需要救治是生活常识，requiring符合 语境。