高中英语Module1BritishandAmericanEnglishGrammar学案外研版必修5.docx

Module 1 British and American EnglishGrammar语法精讲探究学习复习动词的时态(I)情境探究感知以下课文原句，完成下面小题：1. British and American English are different in many ways.2. Some experts believe that the two varieties are moving closer together.3. Many factors have influenced American pronunciation since the first settlers arrived four hundred years ago.4. Since the 1980s, with satellite TV and the Internet, it has been possible to listen to British and American English at the flick of a switch.5. This international dimension suggests that in the future, there are going to be many “Englishes” , not just two main varieties.以上句子中，句1用了一般现在时,表示目前存在的状态。(2)句2用了现在进行时,表示目前或现阶段正在发生的动作。句3和句4用了现在完成时,表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。句5用了一般将来时,表示在目前看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。,要义详析j经常性、习惯性表示主语的特征、 性格或能力客观事实、普遍真理表示将来(一般现在时对现在的影响或结果说话时或现阶段 正在进行表示赞扬、惊奇、 讨厌等感情色彩,表示即将发生的动作,延续到现在的动作或状态特例(现在完成时It' s the first timethat. .句型动词时态J现在进行将要发生的动作或情况太习惯性动作或未来的倾向时 k一、一般现在时的用法1 .表示现在经常发生的动作或存在的状态，常与usually, always, seldom, sometimes, often, every day, on Sundays 等时间状语连用。*1 often go to school on foot.我经常走着去上学。*They play football after school every afternoon.他们每天下午放学后踢足球。2 .表示主语的特征、状态、能力、性格等。*This job calls for great patience.这份工作需要极大的耐心。3.表现客观事实、普遍真理或名言警句等。此用法即使出现在表示过去时间的语境中，也要 用一般现在时。*Light travels faster than sound.光比声音传播得快。"Actions speak louder than words.（谚）行动胜于空谈。*The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 日出东方，日落西山。4 .在时间状语从句、条件状语从句或让步状语从句中，一般现在时表示将来。* （2019 全国卷 I ）When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.当他的演讲结束时，Whaley邀请其他同学来称赞他。* （2019 北京高考）If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never hesitates to buy them a meal.如果学生在往返学校的长途汽车上饿了，威尔逊会毫不犹豫地给他们买饭吃。* （2020 江苏高考）If you look at all sides of the situation, you' 11 find probably a solution that suits everyone.如果你能看到这种情况的各个方面，你有可能找到适合 每一个人的解决方案。5 .表示按规定、计划或安排要发生的情况。*The plane takes off at 11 am.飞机在上午 11 点起飞。即学活用用所给词的适当形式填空。（1）The giant panda is loved（love） by people throughout the world.(2) （2019 全国卷H）Most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes（come） to a close.(3) (2019 全国卷 I)According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is (be) good.(4) (2020 全国 H 卷)This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers carries (carry) special significance.二、现在进行时的用法1 .表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。"Listen! Someone is playing the piano. 听！ 有人在弹牵月琴。*We are studying Spanish this semester.这学期我们在学西班牙语。2 . 一些短暂性动词如 arrive, begin, come, go, leave, start, stay, stop 现在进行时表 示即将发生的动作。*She is leaving for London tomorrow. 她明天要去伦敦。3 .现在进行时可与always, forever, continually, constantly等副词连用，表示反复出 现的或习惯性的动作，含有抱怨、赞叹、厌倦等感情色彩。*He is always asking the same question.彳也老是问同个问题。曼渣用a用所给单词的适当形式填空。(2018 全国卷III) In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created(create).(2)I am starving (starve). When and where will we have lunch?(3)Now the baby is sleeping (sleep), so don' t talk loudly.三、现在完成时的用法1.表示过去发生的事情或动作对现在产生的影响或结果。*We have bought a computer.我们买了一台电脑。*(2020 天津高考)The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and has remained around that level ever since.在20世纪90年代早期，医学院的数量达到了 18家，并且从那时起，(数量)基本没变化。2.表示从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在的动作和状态。常与for, since引导的时间状语 连用。*He has lived in China for five years.他在中国生活了五年了。3.在 “it/this is the first/second. . . /last time+that 从句”这一句型中，从句中的 谓语要用现在完成时。*This is the first time (that) he has taken part in the Olympic Games. 这是他第一 次参加奥运会。* Great changes have taken place in the village in the past/last two years. 在过去 的两年中这个村子发生了很大的变化。名师点津现在完成时和一般过去时的区别现在完成时和一般过去时都表示在过去完成的动作。但现在完成时强调的是这一动作与 现在的关系，如对现在产生的结果或影响等；而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生, 不表示和现在的关系。试比较：* 1 have lost my new book.我把新书丢了。(现在还未找到)* 1 lost my new book yesterday.我昨天把新书丢了。(昨天丢的，现在找到与否没说明)堡渣用A用所给单词的适当形式填空。(1) (2019 全国卷H)I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have made(make) over the years.(2) (2020 全国 I 卷)China has become(become)the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon.四、一般将来时的几种表达方式一般将来时表示在现在看来即将要发生的动作或存在的状态。1. shall/will doo表示将来，有时侧重指临时的决定、习惯或客观倾向性。*What shall we do if he doesn, t come?如果他不来，我们该怎么办？2. be going to+动词原形。表示说话者主观打算做某事，或客观迹象表明即将发生某事。*They are going to move to a new house next week.他们打算下周迁入新居。*It' s going to rain soon.很快就要下雨了。3. be to+动词原形。表示按计划或正式安排将要做的事情，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、可 能性等。*Who is to clean the classroom today?今天该谁打扫教室了?4. be about to do。表示“即将做,正要做”，强调近期或马上要做。常用于be about do sth.when.表示“正要做某事，这时即学活用'语法填空。(2020 江苏高考)The speed of 6G will exceed(exceed) 125 GB/s, allowing for a new generation of virtual reality.(2)Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain.看那些乌云。要下雨了。课时检测素养达标I.单句语法填空1. As you go through this book, you will find(find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War II had a different experience.2. In the last few years, China has made(make) great achievements in environmental protection.3. 一Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.一All right. I will call(call) him later.4. Mr Mark is regarded(segerd) as one of the most important thinkers in the 21st century.5. I have read(read) half of the English novel, and I' 11 try to finish it at the weekend.6. If my brother comes(come) back from Beijing tomorrow, I will ask him to call you back.7. This is the first time we have seen(see) a film in the cinema together as a family.8. It' s eight o' clock. The students are having(have) an English class.9. 一Have you ever been to our town before?一No, it' s the first time I have come(come) here.II.完成句子1. When he receives the letter, he' 11 tell us.他一收到信时，就会告诉我们的。2. She usually takes a busto school every morning.她通常每天早上坐公共汽车去上学。3. Be quiet! The baby is sleeping.安静！孩子在睡觉。4. Don, t worry about the exam. I' m sure you will passit.不要担心这次考试，我确信你会通过的。5. It' s the first time that the boy has spoken toa foreigner.这个男孩是第一次同外国人说话。6. Yesterday the teacher told us that all roads lead to Rome.昨天老师告诉我们，条条大道通罗马。7. The old man has planted more than 3, 000 trees since he has moved here. 自从搬到这里以来，这位老人已种了三千多棵树。8. To his disappointment, no agreement has been reachedso far by the two sides.令他失望的是，到目前为止双方未达成协议。9. You' d better write down her phone number before you forget it.你最好把她的电话号码记下来，以免忘记。10. They will go to see their grandma if they have free time.如果有时间，他们会去看他们的奶奶。O语法主题应用O用所给单词的适当时态填空一 You look so tired, what have you been doing?一 We 1. have been discussing(discuss) the problem but we 2. havee' t drawn(draw) a conclusion yet.一 I hear you 3. are working(work) in a pub. What 4. is (be) it like?一 Well, it' s very hard work and I' m always tired, but I 5. don t mind(not mind).一 Why does Lingling look so unhappy?一 She 6. has been laughed (laugh) at by her classmates.一 Shall we go fishing tomorrow?-7. Sounds(sound) great, but with so much homework to do, I really can' t afford the time.Did you ask Sophia for help?一 I 8. didn' t need(need) to. I 9. managed (manage) perfectly well on my own.