中考英语阅读理解提分要义-填表型阅读.docx

（5）填表型阅读 中考英语阅读理解提分要义提分要点Step 1先表后文,学会预测。“先表后文”指先读表格，了解表格的内容和要求再根据表格的内容和要求快速阅读短文，这样会使阅读带有较强的目的性和针对性。Step 2抓住大意，把握细节弄懂大意，充分把握所读材料的细节，尤其是与表格内容直接相关的细节。Step 3分类整理，善于归纳对所读材料进行整理、分类，过滤出自己所需要的有用信息。通常情况下，表格所涉及的内容都具有一定的规律性，可能是同一个问题的几个不同方面，也可能是几个不同问题的同一方面，或是几个不同问题的不同方面等。比如涉及几项活动举行的时间、地点、原因、方式等。Step 4寻找出处，对号入座每空的所填内容一般可从给出的材料中找到出处或依据，在做题时要充分利用这一特点，将“空格”与“出处”对号入座，然后根据表格中已有信息的表现形式，准确填出所缺内容。同时，值得注意的是，如果表格所填信息与原文中的“出处”基本相同，则可直接对号入座;如果表格信息与原文中的“出处”有较大出入，则要进行适当的转换。Step 5注意形式的变化表格中所填词的形式（大小写、时态等）应与表格中所提供的内容一致。提分训练一、_ The most unusual museum in London is the Science museum. In most museum theres no shouting and no running, and people arent allowed to touch the exhibits(设品).But the Science Museum is different. Its noisy! People can talk about what they will see and do there, and some of the machines are noisy as well._ When I visit the Science Museum, l go to the Launchpad(发射台).This is the most popular room because there are lots of physics tests, We can also learn how astronauts travel into space and back again here. I m really interested in those kinds of things, so it is my favorite room._ On the second floor there is Human and Nature room. We can compare our seed with animals there. If we aren't quick enough, the lion will catch us! There are also rooms on transport, the environment and space technology, as well as math, physics and chemistry._ We can do a lot of things in this museum, but we have to obey some rules as well. For example, we mustn't take photos of the exhibits in the museum. But we can buy postcards of them in the museum shops._ Most important of all, the Science Museum is free. That means we can drop by for a few minutes or we can stay as long as we like-it's open from 10:00 a.m.to 6:00 p.m. every day except Monday. So if you go to London, make sure you visit the Science Museum. It's my favorite museum in the whole world.1. 根据短文内容，从方框中选出每段的主旨大意。A. The museum rulesB. The most popular roomC.A noisy museumD. Many different roomsE.A free museum2. 根据短文内容，完成博物馆游客须知。(每空不超过两个词)The Science Museum in _Opening times: 10:00 a.m.-6:00p.m.every day except _.Fees(费用): It's _ !Stay inside as long as you like!Rules: Don't _ of the exhibits. You can buy postcards of them.You can _ what you see and do. Don't worry about making noises.二、Wukong. Tiangong. Tianwen. Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from? Wukong, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer satellite (暗物质粒子探测卫星), is named after Chinese superhero Monkey King. According to Journey to the west, Monkey King has a pair of sharp eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space. The name of the space station, Tiangong, means "Heavenly Palace". In Chinese myths (神话) , this is the home of Tian Di. Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong in order that they can work together. Tianwen, China's Mars missions (任务) , gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet from ancient China. In Tiamwen, he had the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for truth. Perhaps the Tianwen missions will end up answering some of Qu Yuan's questions. If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So it is serious to take the naming of Chinese space programs. What Beautiful_Wukong It is named after Chinese superhero Monkey King. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists_for dark matter in space. Tiangong It means "Heavenly Palace" Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. We hope that astronauts from other_will work together with us in Tiangong Space Station. Tianwen It gets its name from the poem Tiamwen by Qu Yuan. Perhaps the Tianwen missions will help to find out the_ to some of Qu Yuan's questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world. Chinese people have a long-cherished space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very_. 三、Animals play so many important roles in our lives. Some, like cows and sheep, provide us with food; pets are our friends; other animals work for us. Above all, every animalbig or smallcan fill us with a sense of the wonder of the natural world.Unluckily, we don't always value this. Many animals are endangered because of our actions, and millions of animals in the world are badly treated. World Animal Day reminds us, at least for one day a year, "to celebrate animal life in all its forms" and "to be thankful for the way in which animals enrich(使丰富) our lives."World Animal Day was started in 1931 in Florence, Italy. It made us pay attention to the problem of endangered animals around the world. It is now celebrated in most countries around the world. The day falls on October 4th every year.All over the world on this day, volunteers raise money for animal centers and social organizations. Museums and zoos organize special events. Schools have also joined animal projects. No matter what is done, the idea is to remind us of the importance of animals and to show us how we could improve our relationship with animals.If you want to take part, you could help an animal or organize a money-raising event for a local charity. The important thing is just taking an active part. We should offer animals as much as they offer us.Animals are important in our lives. They offer us _, friendship, help and a sense of the wonder of the natural world. However, our actions make many kinds of animals in danger, and we treat millions of animals _.World Animal Day reminds us to be thankful to animals. It was started in 1931 to draw people's attention to the _of endangered animals. Now World Animal Day is celebrated on October 4th every year. On this day, many activities are held to _how to improve the relationship between humans and animals. So let 's just be _to take part and offer animals as much as they offer us.四、When the first person looked up to the sky, people's imagination of space began. In China, there are many stories about the exploration (探索) of space. Thousands of years ago, there was a lady named Chang'e that flew to the Moon and lived there with a rabbit. It's just a story in myths (神话). In the Ming Dynasty, a man named Wan Hu used a machine which was made of a chair, some fireworks and a kite as a rocket to fly to space but failed. He was considered as the first human that tried to explore space. Our exploration of space never stopped until it became a reality in modern times. Without doubt, Chinese space technology has made great progress. In 2003, when Shenzhou V set off successfully, Yang Liwei's words "I am proud of our motherland" brought tears to our eyes. Carrying the flying dream of the Chinese nation for thousands of years, as the first space visitor of China, he started the Space Age for the Chinese. In 2008, Zhai Zhigang in Shenzhou VII had the first Chinese spacewalk, "I am out of the capsule(太空舱), and I feel good," he told the world proudly. In the next years, China kept making its way in order to step further on exploring space. Especially in the recent years, China has sent up Shenzhou XI and Shenzhou XV. Six astronauts have been sent to space with two women included. On May 30,2023, Jing Haipeng, Zhu Yangzhu and Gui Haichao in Shenzhou XVI were sent into space successfully. From 2003 to 2023, Chinese people go farther and farther in space, In the near future, China will send astronauts to the Moon and explore the Moon. Stories about China's_Thousands of years agoChang'e flew to the Moon in myths. In the Ming DynastyWan Hu made a machine and tried to explore space. In 2003Yang Liwei started_for the Chinese. In 2008Zhai Zhigang had the first Chinese spacewalk. In the next yearsWe Chinese people kept making our way_we could step further on exploring space. On_China sent Shenzhou XVI into space successfully. In the futureChinese astronauts_to the Moon. 五、It is easy to know if a person is resting, but do fish rest? The answer is "Yes". Do you want to know if a fish is resting? Here are some ways.Watch what a fish is doingFish may not look like they are resting, but they do have their own ways of getting some rest. Most fish will slow down while they are resting. Some fish move at the bottom of the water. Some move slowly near the top of the waterYou can know some fish are resting because they stay in one place. However, other fish never seem to stop moving. For example, some sharks keep swimming so that they can breathe in the water. Although these sharks are always swimming, they may still be resting. They have a special organ in their bodies. It allows them to keep their bodies moving while they are resting.Watch how a fish reacts (作出反应) to thingsWhen a fish is resting, it will react much more slowly. If you have a pet fish at home, try giving you fish some food when it is resting. The fish will spend more time noticing the food than it does when staying awake.Title: _Most fish will slow down while resting.When some fish are resting, they stay in one place. Other fish never seem to stop moving.Some sharks keep swimming in order to _.The sharks are always swimming, _ they may still be resting.Watch how a fish reacts to thingsWhen a fish is resting, its reaction (反应）will be _. When a fish is resting, it will spend more time noticing the food than it does when staying awake.六、With a history of more than 1,000 years, tie-dye（扎染）is a very old way of dyeing clothes in China, most popular in Yunnan. During the Tang and Song dynasties, people gave tie-dyed clothes to the emperors as gifts. In 2006, the tie-dye technique was added to China's national intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）list.Anning in Yunnan is known for tie-dye.Yang Cheng, 52, is the inheritor（传承人）of tie-dye in Anning.He learned the skills from his mother in the 1980s.And he has passed it down to his daughter."Tie-dye is worthy of the efforts of generations（代）of people," Yang said. Yang has mastered all the old skills of tie-dye. To tie-dye, you first need to use threads（线）to tie your cloth together. Then you put the cloth into the dye. As the cloth is folded and dyed, some parts become dark blue, while other parts have a brighter color. When you unfold the cloth, you'll see beautiful patterns.At the same time, Yang has studied tie-dye in other countries, such as Japan, India and France. He also tries to make some creative designs. Now, Yang teaches tie-dye in schools, communities and companies. More than 100,000 people have learned from him.Some might worry that tie-dye will be replaced by machinery dyeing. But Yang is confident. "At the end of the day, machines can't replace our creative hands." Yang said.1._2._3._4._5._答案以及解析一、1.答案： CBDAE解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句 " The most unusual museum in London is the Science Museum. In most museums, there's no shouting and no running, and people aren't allowed to touch the exhibits（陈设品）. But the Science Museum is different. It's noisy" 可知伦敦最不寻常的博物馆是科学博物馆。在大多数博物馆里，没有喊叫和奔跑，人们也不允许触摸展品（陈设品）。但是科学博物馆不同，非常的吵闹，所以答案选C。主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句 " When I visit the Science Museum, I go to the Launchpad（发射台）. This is the most popular room because there are lots of physics tests. We can also learn how astronauts travel into space and back again here." 可知当我参观科学博物馆时，我会去发射台。这是最受欢迎的房间，因为有很多物理测试。我们还可以了解宇航员是如何进入太空并再次回到这里的。所以是最受欢迎的房间，所以答案选B。主旨大意题。根据第三段最后一句 " There are also rooms on transport, the environment and space technology, as well as math, physics and chemistry." 可知还有关于交通、环境和空间技术以及数学、物理和化学的房间。所以本段是介绍了很多不同的房间，所以答案选D。主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句 " We can do a lot of things in this museum，but we have to obey some rules as well." 可知我们可以在这个博物馆做很多事情，但是我们也必须遵守一些规则。所以本段是在介绍博物馆的规矩，所以答案选A。主旨大意题。根据第五段第一句 " Most important of all, the Science Museum is free. That means we can drop by for a few minutes or we can stay as long as we likeit's open from 10:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m." 可知最重要的是，科学博物馆是免费的。这意味着我们可以顺道拜访几分钟，或者我们可以想待多久就待多久从上午10:00到下午6:00营业。所以本段是在说博物馆免费，所以答案选E。2.答案： LondonMondayfreeTake photos/picturestalk about/discuss解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句 " The most unusual museum in London is the Science Museum. In most museums, there's no shouting and no running, and people aren't allowed to touch the exhibits（陈设品）" 可知伦敦最不寻常的博物馆是科学博物馆。在大多数博物馆里，没有喊叫和奔跑，人们也不允许触摸展品（陈设品）。所以答案为London。细节理解题。根据第五段第二句 " Most important of all, the Science Museum is free. That means we can drop by for a few minutes or we can stay as long as we likeit's open from 10:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. every day except Monday" 可知最重要的是，科学博物馆是免费的。这意味着我们可以顺道拜访几分钟，或者我们可以想待多久就待多久除了星期一，每天早上10:00到下午6:00营业，所以答案为Monday。细节理解题。根据第五段第二句 " Most important of all, the Science Museum is free. That means we can drop by for a few minutes or we can stay as long as we likeit's open from 10:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. every day except Monday" 可知最重要的是，科学博物馆是免费的。这意味着我们可以顺道拜访几分钟，或者我们可以想待多久就待多久除了星期一，每天早上10:00到下午6:00营业，所以答案为free。细节理解题。根据第四段第二句 " For example, we mustn't take photos of the exhibits in the museum. But we can buy postcards of them in the museum shops." 可知例如，我们不能给博物馆的展品拍照。但是我们可以在博物馆商店买到它们的明信片。所以答案为Take photos/pictures。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句 " But the Science Museum is different. It's noisy！ People can talk about what they will see and do there, and some of the machines are noisy as well." 可知但是科学博物馆不同。很吵闹，人们可以谈论他们将在那里看到什么和做什么，一些机器也很吵。所以答案为talk about/discuss。二、答案：Namessearchcountriesanswersseriously解析：根据"Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from"可知本文主要介绍了中国太空计划的名字的由来，此处用名词复数names，且大写首字母。故填Names。根据"The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space"可知悟空卫星和孙悟空一样敏锐，帮助科学家在太空中寻找暗物质，故填search。根据"And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong in order that they can work together."可知中国欢迎外国宇航员来到天宫，以便他们能够一起工作，即来自其他国家的宇航员，country"国家"，other后加名词复数。故填countries。根据"Perhaps the Tianwen missions will end up answering some of Qu Yuan's questions."可知天问任务最终会回答屈原的一些问题，即找到问题的答案，此处用名词复数answers。故填answers。根据"So it is serious to take the naming of Chinese space programs."可知认真对待中国太空计划的命名问题是非常重要的，take sth. seriously"认真对待"。故填seriously。三、答案：foodbadlyproblemshowactive解析：本题考查名词。此处对应原文第一段中的"Some. provide us with food; pets are our friends; other animals work