北京市大兴区高三英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）.docx

B. wasn' t scared though he slipped off the combinationC. was scared in such a dangerous situationD. exercised self control in time of danger32. Jerry' s joke in the emergency room .A. encouraged the doctors and nurses to bring him back to lifeB. told the doctors to take him as dead during the operationC. convinced the doctors he was not afraid of the operationD. made the doctors and nurses feel light hearted33. We can conclude from the passage that .A. we mustn' t lose self control in time of dangerB. amazing attitudes can, t help us cope with difficult situationsC. negative thoughts of an unpleasant situation may result in helplessnessD. taking positive attitudes is the key to living fully【答案】31. C 32. A 33. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了乐观积极的Jenry被闯入家里的三个持枪抢劫犯打伤，生命垂危， 在急救室里面对表情凝重的医生和护士，Jerry用一个笑话缓解了紧张的情绪，鼓舞了大家 也使自己起死回生。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中 While trying to open the safe, his hand, shaking from nervousness, slipped off the combination.（当他试图打开保险柜时，由于紧张而颤抖 的手从密码上滑了下来。）可推知面对抢劫，Jerzy在如此危险的情况下感到害怕。故选C。32题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中 They kept telling me I was going to be fine. But in the emergency room, the facial expressions of the doctors and nurses really scared me.（他们一直告诉我我会好起来的。但是在急救室里，医生和护士的面部表情真的吓坏了我。） 以及 I took a deep breath and yelled, 'Yes! Bullets!? Over their laughter, I told them, 4Operate on me as if I am alive, not dead. "（我深吸了一口气，喊道：“是 的!子弹!他们笑得前仰后合，我对他们说：'把我当活人而不是死人来做手术。'”）可知 Jerry在急救室的笑话鼓舞了医生和护士，使他起死回生。故选A。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段 Attitude Is Everything. Jerry was the kind of guy who was always in a good mood and always had something positive to say.（态度决定一切。 Jerry是那种总是心情愉快，总是说些积极上进的话的人。）以及文章主要内容可知采取积 极的态度是活得充实的关键。故选D。BUnderwater Museums Many underwater museums are supported by companies that offer guided tours. A trained guide leads groups around a striking underwater display of statues in each museum. Depending on the depth of the museum, visitors may be able to view the sculptures from the glass bottomed boat or by swimming on the surface. Other underwater museums are deeper and are most accessible to scuba divers.Underwater museums have many functions. One of their main purposes is to create an artificial reef environment where sea creatures can live. That, s why some of the museums are located in areas that were damaged by hurricanes or are considered underwater “deserts” . The statues in the museum are designed in a way that encourages the growth of coral and plant life. Over time, the statues and plants attract more and more fish to the area.Florida, U. S. AFlorida is home to different types of underwater museums. The state, s newest underwater museum, the Underwater Museum of Art, can be found off the coast of Grayton Beach. This part of the Gulf of Mexico is an underwater desert, so creators hope that the exhibit will improve the marine ecosystem.Cancun, MexicoFor years, Cancun has been a popular tourist destination. And one of the major draws is the water. The Museo Subacuatico de Arte is an ideal place for snorkelers and first time divers. There they can enjoy more than 500 statues that help to make up an artificial reef. This museum was created to give visitors an alternative attraction to the area' s natural reef, which has been damaged.Canary Islands, SpainMuseo Atlantic, off the coast of Lanzarote, has an impressive display of more than 300 statues. They were created by Jason DecairesTaylor, a British sculptor, who has contributed to the creation of several underwatermuseums including the ones near Cancun and the Canary Islands. The Cancun statuesfocus on man' s interaction with the marine world. If you' re looking for a different museum experience, check out one that' s underwater.34. In underwater museums, visitors can see the following things except.A. statuesB. desertsC. reefsD. sculptures35. According to the passage,which of the following statements is true?A.Underwater museums can notbe visited through guided tours.B.Underwater museums are alllocated in areas damaged by hurricaneC.Underwater museumscan be viewed all over the world.D.Underwater museumscan help improve underwater environments.36. We can learn from the passage that.A. over 300 statues can be seen in the Underwater Museum of ArtB. natural reef hasn, t been damaged in CancunC. the statues of Cancun and the Canary Islands are made by the same sculptorD. plant life can' t grow in underwater museums37. Where is the text probably taken from?A. A personal diary.B. A tourist guidebook.C. An official report.D. A hotel brochure.【答案】34. B 35. D 36. C 37. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了水下博物馆的功能以及一些世界上水下博物馆的情况。34题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段 Underwater museums have many functions. One of their main purposes is to create an artificial reef environment where sea creatures can live. That' s why some of the museums are located in areas that were damaged by hurricanes or are considered underwater “deserts” . The statues in the museum are designed in a way that encourages the growth of coral and plant life. Over time, the statues and plants attract more and more fish to the area.（水下博物馆有很多功能。他们的 主要目的之一是创造一个人工礁石环境，海洋生物可以生存。这就是为什么有些博物馆位于 被飓风破坏的地区，或者被认为是水下的“沙漠”。博物馆里的雕像在设计上鼓励了珊瑚和 植物的生长。随着时间的推移，雕像和植物吸引了越来越多的鱼到这个地区。）可知游客在 水下博物馆可以看到礁石和雕像，但是没有提到可以看到真正的沙漠。故选B。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句 This part of the Gulf of Mexico is an underwater desert, so creators hope that the exhibit will improve the marine ecosystem.（墨 西哥湾的这部分是水下沙漠，所以创作者希望这次展览能改善海洋生态系统。）可知水下博 物馆可以帮助改善水下环境。故选D。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中 They were created by Jason Decaires Taylor, a British sculptor, who has contributed to the creation of several underwater museums including the ones near Cancun and the Canary Islands.（它们是由英国雕塑家 Jason Decaires Taylor创作的，他为建造几座水下博物馆做出了贡献，其中包括坎昆和加那利群 岛附近的博物馆。）可知坎昆和加那利群岛的雕像是由同一位雕刻家雕刻的。故选C。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据第段 Many underwater museums are supported by companies that offer guided tours. A trained guide leads groups around a striking underwater display of statues in each museum. Depending on the depth of the museum, visitors may be able to view the sculptures from the glass bottomed boat or by swimming on the surface.（许多水下博物馆是由提供导游的公司资助的。在每个博物馆里，一名训练有素的导游带领 着一群人参观引人注目的水下雕塑展览。根据博物馆的深度，游客可以从玻璃底船或在水面 上游泳来观赏雕塑。）可推知文章可能来自一本旅游指南。故选B。CCharles Wang has been to e mail hell, and returned to tell the tale. His journey there began innocently enough when, as chairman of Computer Associates International, a software company, he first heard how quickly his employees welcomed their new electronic mail system. They were sending messages to one another like crazy. "I said, 'Let' s check into how people are using it. " But instead of a pleasant e mail culture, what had developed was a behavioral nightmare. It was a disaster, ” he says. "My managers were getting 200 to 300 e mails a day each. People were so fond of it that they weren? t talking to each other. They were hibernating, e mailing people in the next room. They were abusing it. " In just a few years, Wang' s high-tech communications system had gone crazy.To stop that, Wang short circuited the system, taking the astonishing step一considering what his $3. 9 billion company does for a living一of banning all e mails from 9:30 a. m. to 12 noon and from 1:30 p. m. to 4 p. m. These hours are now observed as a sort of electronic quiet time. Says Wang: "It worked wonderfully. People are walking the corridors again talking to other people.Almost everyone agrees that e mail is a wonderful invention. It is a convenient, informal medium for conveying messages that well meets human needs. E mail is perhaps the ideal means by which one can run a global project. "It is one of the greatest innovations of the last 20 years, “ says Paul Argenti, a professor of management communications at Dartmouth, s Tuck School. But Argenti and others also say it is a medium whose function is confusing, in parts because the process is so easy and informal that people treat it as they do conversation but informal as it may be, e mail is writing and constitutes a permanent record, and because so much of human conversation is nonverbal, e mail messages, especially critical or complex ones, can easily be misunderstood.38. From the first paragraph,we can infer that Charles.A. was very glad to see the benefits of e mails to his employeesB. thought it unbelievable that his employees used e mails so muchC. doubted the public enthusiasm about e mails for communicationsD. considered the e mail application a somewhat happy experience 39. The underlined word “hibernating” probably refers to those who . A. get sleepy more easily for no actual work to doB. have more time for sleep for their high efficiencyC. are not moving around and not talking to each otherD. become indifferent to each other even in the same office40. To change the worrisome situation, Charles Wang .A. restricted the time for e mail correspondenceB. invented other media for communicationC. closed the e mail system in his companyD. closed his company for other business41. From the last paragraph, we can see the disadvantage of e mails may be that .A. it is computer borneB. it doesn, t help global businessC. it may be misunderstoodD. it is a written language【答案】38. B 39. C 40. A 41. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。Charles Wang还是软件公司国际计算机协会董事长时，因为员工们太过 于热衷发电子邮件而彼此之间几乎不说话，Wang不得不限制了电子邮件通信的时间。几乎 每个人都认为电子邮件是一项了不起的发明。它是一种方便的、非正式的媒介，可以很好地 传达满足人类需要的信息。而由于人类的很多交流都是非语言的，所以电子邮件信息，尤其 是批评的或复杂的，很容易被误解。【38题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中 “It was a disaster, ? he says, “My managers were getting 200 to 300 e mails a day each. People were so fond of it that they weren? t talking to each other.（“这是一场灾难，”他说。“我的经理们每天收到200到300封电子邮件。 人们太喜欢它了，以至于彼此都不说话了。”）可知从第一段我们可以推断，Charles认为 他的员工如此频繁地使用电子邮件是不可思议的。故选B。【39题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文People were so fond of it that they werent talking to each other.可知人们太喜欢电子邮件了，以至于彼此都不说话了。专注于给隔壁房间的人发电子 邮件。故可推测划线单词意思为“不走动，不说话”。故选C。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句 To stop that, Wang short circuited the system, taking the astonishing step一considering what his $3.9 billion company does for a living一of banning all e mails from 9:30 a. m. to 12 noon and from 1:30 p. m. to 4p.m.（为了阻止这种情况的发生，王缩短了系统的运行时间，迈出了令人吃惊的一步一一考虑到他价值39亿美元的公司为了生存所做的一切一一从早上9点30分到中午12点，从下 午1点30分到4点禁止所有的电子邮件。）可知为了改变这种令人担忧的情况，查尔斯王 限制了电子邮件通信的时间。故选A。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中 because so much of human conversation is nonverbal, e-mail messages, especially critical or complex ones, can easily be misunderstood.（由于人类的很多交流都是非语言的，所以电子邮件信息，尤其是批评的或复杂的，很容易 被误解。）可知电子邮件的缺点可能是它可能被误解。故选C。【点睛】词义猜测题做题技巧。关于词义猜测题做题技巧。词义猜测题是阅读理解中常见的一种题型，主要有对生词的词义 猜测，熟词新义以及代词的猜测。其关键是根据上下文的逻辑关系，利用已掌握的信息，有 必要的时候，借助生活或者文化常识，确定单词的词义。故第二小题，根据上文People were so fond of it that they were。' t talking to each other.可知人们太喜欢电子邮件了, 以至于彼此都不说话了。专注于给隔壁房间的人发电子邮件。故可推测划线单词意思为“不 走动，不说话”。故选C。If planning offers so many benefits, why do many professionals resist it? Some are more comfortable with acting, and therefore don' t want to devote so much time to it, or they think their circumstances are so likely to change that planning is useless. Other people complain that things are going so well or so badly that there' sno point in planning.Finally, some people don' t make strategic plans because theycan' t recognize thedifference between strategic and short term,operationalplanning一how to getwhere you' ve already decided to go.Circumstances do change, and it' s reasonable to wonder about the value of are not set in concrete. They are adaptable frameworks, goals, that can conform to （JI页 应）changing circumstances. There? s nothing wrong with changing direction, if we know what we' re doing and understand our own reasoning. Why plan if things are goingplanning when thingsare changing so rapidly. But the plans we aretalking aboutfine? Won' t they continue like this? Won? t the skills we now use always be in demand?Probably not一especially in science and technology. Being prepared for new situations is a leading reason for having a strategic plan in the first place. Even if we cannot predict everything that will affect our path, we have a better chance of dealing with it effectively if we' ve thought ahead. Things are going terribly, and I can' t bother planning because survival is the name of the game right now. Good reasoning. If it seems that it' s going to be a close call just to reach that contracted goal, don' t worry about starting a new overall strategy. But most of us often think things are worse than they truly are. If you are continually moving from one crisis（危机）to another, you may need to take some time off to understand why. Are you really heading where you want to go? What changes in direction could prevent some of these crises in the first place?So, spend some time thinking about your future, outline your plans, and discuss them with people close to you. Strategic planning takes work, but it pays off. It' s an exciting way to create the future rather than just coast into it.42. Many professionals refuse to make strategic plans since they believe that . A. operational planning is more importantB. planning is harmful and unhealthyC. their success depends on circumstancesD. planning is of no use at all to their work43. From the second paragraph, the author argues that planning .A. is flexible and may change with changing situationsB. may lose its value when the circumstances changeC. guides us through each stage of life to our destinyD. adapts us to the changing environment at all times44. Even if we are doing well, we still need planning because .A. we can do much better with an overall working planB. it offers a framework from which to solve any difficultiesC. work skills today will go out of use sooner or laterD. it helps us to deal with unpredictable situations45. What is the authorJ s attitude towards strategic planning ?B. Supportive.A. Disapproval.C. DoubtfulD. Neutral.【答案】42. D 43. A 44. D 45. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。一些人喜欢计划而一些人更喜欢行动，认为他们的环境很可能会改变，所 以计划是没用的。而作者认为指定计划是有益的，因为它们是适应环境变化的框架和目标, 也能够为新情况做好准备。因此战略规划需要努力，但它是有回报的。这是一种创造未来的 令人兴奋的方式，而不是随波逐流。42题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 Some are more comfortable with acting, and therefore don' t want to devote so much time to it, or they think their circumstances are so likely to change that planning is useless.（有些人更喜欢行动，因此不愿意花太多时间在计 划上，或者他们认为他们的环境很可能会改变，所以计划是没用的。）可知许多专业人士拒 绝制定战略计划，因为他们认为计划对他们的工作毫无用处。故选D。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中 They are adaptable frameworks, goals, that can conform to changing circumstances.（它们是适应环境变化的框架和目标。）可知作者认为规划是灵活 的，可以随着情况的变化而变化。故选A。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中 Even if we cannot predict everything that will affect our path, we have a better chance of dealing with it effectively if we' ve thought ahead.（即使我们不能预测所有会影响我们前进道路的事情，但如果我们提前想好了，我们就有更 好的机会有效地应对它。）可知即使我们做得很好，我们仍然需要计划，因为它帮助我们处 理不可预测的情况。故选D。【45题详解】推理判断题。木艮据最后段 So, spend some time thinking about your future, outline your plans, and discuss them with people close to you. Strategic planning takes work, but it