2024.01.30 外刊双语精读 船运：穷困潦倒(6).pdf
shipping：Straitened out 船运：穷困潦倒A blow to global trade is a boon for shippingcompanies全球贸易受挫，船运公司获利【1】Until the Suez canal opened in 1869,merchantships in the Red Sea mostly carried coffee,spices andslaves.The waterway changed everything.So far in2023 around 24,000 vessels have plied the passage,accounting for some 10%of global seaborne trade byvolume,according to Clarksons,a shipbroker.Thatincludes 20%of the worlds container traffic,nearly10%of seaborne oil and 8%of liquefied natural gas.在1869年苏伊士运河通航前，红海中的商船大多运载咖啡、香料以及奴隶。这条水道改变了一切。据克拉克森船舶经纪公司（Clarksons）的数据，截至2023年，约有24000艘货船穿越这条水道，数量上占据全球海运贸易的10%。其中包括20%的全球集装箱运输，近10%的海运石油以及8%的液化天然气。【2】So missile and drone attacks by Houthimilitants in Yemen on ships passing through thenarrow strait of Bab al-Mandab,which connects the中文导读全球贸易受挫，船运公司获利boon/bun/n.恩惠,非常有用的东西,益处adj.愉快的,仁厚的,(气候等)温和的 Radio is a boon to the blind.收音机对盲人来说受益匪浅。shipping/p/n.船舶,航运,海运v.船运,运输,运送,上市,把推向市场,舷侧进水ship的现在分词 The ship wentthrough the busy shipping lanes of the English Channel.这艘轮船通过了繁忙的英吉利海峡船运航线。companies/kmpniz/n.公司,商号,商行,剧团,演出团,陪伴,做伴company的复数 本课程出自公众号：双语精读训练营，制作不易，尊重原创，愿诸君上岸！1merchant/mt()nt/n.商人,批发商,(尤指)进出口批发商,(某活动的)爱好者,热衷于的人adj.海上货运的Destroyers escorted a convey of merchant ships.驱逐舰护送一支商船队。spices/spas/n.(调味)香料,额外的趣味(或刺激等)v.在中加香料,给增添趣味,使变得刺激spice的第三人称单数和复数 Pepper is one of my favorite spices.胡椒是我所喜爱的一种调味品。slaves/slev/n.奴隶,完全受(某事物)控制的人,完全依赖(某事物)的人,从动装置v.苦干,辛勤地工作slave的第三人称单数和复数 During these first weeks she slaved joyfully.在最初的几周里，她干得很高兴。waterway/wtwe/n.航道;水路 Canals and riversform the inland waterways of a country.运和江构成了一个国家内路。vessels/vesl/n.大船,轮船,(盛液体的)容器，器皿,(人或动物的)血管，脉管,(植物的)导管vessel的复数 Bloodvessels develop abnormally in cancer tumours.在癌肿瘤中血管出现不正常。seaborne/si:b:n/adj.海运的 seaborne trade.海运贸易。volume/vljum/n.体积,容积,容量,量,额,音量,响度,（成套书籍中的）一卷，一册,书,卷，合订本 Each newvolume is thoroughly referenced.每本新书都有详细的附注。shipbroker/pbrk/船舶经纪人;租船经纪人;海运经纪人;船舶经纪业务;租船代理公司 The BDI is publishedevery working day at 1300(London)and is based onprofessional shipbroker assessments.BDI由专业的船舶经评估每个工作日的13:00点(伦敦)发布。includes/inklu:d/v.包括,包含,使成为的一部分include的第三人称单数 本课程出自公众号：双语精读训练营，制作不易，尊重原创，愿诸君上岸！container/knten/n.容器,集装箱,货柜 He plated theold silver container again.他给这个旧的银器皿重新镀银。liquefied/likwifaid/v.(使)液化liquefy的过去分词和过去式 Seismicity can damage the stability of delta frontDecember 23rd&30th 2023【Business】01.30 双语精读双语精读丨船运：穷困潦倒丨船运：穷困潦倒Red Sea to the Gulf of Aden,apparently in support ofPalestinians in Gaza,look like the latest blow to theshipping industryand to its customers.It has struckjust as both groups try to return to normality after theupheavals of the pandemic and,more recently,troubles which include a drought that has restrictedlarge vessels from passing through the Panama canalfor several months.因此，也门胡塞武装在狭窄水道曼德海峡（Bab al-Mandab）处对过往商船实施导弹及无人机袭击，这可能成为对船运行业及其客户的最新打击。曼德海峡连接着红海（the Red Sea）与亚丁湾（the Gulf of Aden），胡塞武装的举动显然是在表达对加沙地带巴勒斯坦人的支持。船运方与客户方经历疫情动荡以及近期干旱导致大型商船几个月内无法通过巴拿马海峡等各种问题，双方都试图重回常态，袭击正发生在这一节点。【3】A dozen Houthi attacks in recent weeks and fourmore on December 18th pose an unacceptable dangerto shipping.container firms accounting for some 95%of the capacity that usually crosses Suez,includinggiants like Swiss-based MSC and Denmarks Maersk,have suspended services in the area.A few energyfirms,such as BP and Equinor,have also temporarilystopped their ships from using the canal.As when theroute was disrupted in 2021 after Ever Given,a giantcontainer ship,ran aground and blocked the canalfor six days,shipping companies are alreadyrerouting vessels around Africa.This will extendjourneys from around 31 to 40 days between Asia andNorthern Europe,reckons Clarksons.Unless the routecan safely reopen,delays and the inevitabledisruption at ports as vessels arrive out of scheduleand form liquefied fluxoturbidite and faultedfluxoturbidite.其中地震作用可以破坏三角洲前缘的稳定性，形成液化滑塌浊积体和断阶滑塌浊积体。2missile/msal/n.导弹,发射物,投掷物 The CaracalNavy Issue now receives a missile velocity bonus forheavy assault missiles.狞獾海军型舰船现在有重型攻导的速度加成。drone/drn/n.无人驾驶飞机，嗡嗡声,雄蜂,持续低音(如风笛等发出的持续音),持续音音管(或弦等),寄生虫vi.嗡嗡叫,嗡嗡响 I nearly fell asleep while he was droningon!他啰里啰嗦地讲个没完，我差点睡着！militants/mltnts/n.激进分子，好斗分子,富有战斗精神的人，斗士militant的复数 本课程出自公众号：双语精读训练营，制作不易，尊重原创，愿诸君上岸！strait/stret/n.海峡，狭窄的水道;(尤指经济拮据引起的)困境，境况窘迫 adj.狭窄的，(时间或空间)有限的，受限制的;困难的,窘迫的,苦恼的;严格的,严密的,精确的 Ferries ply across a narrow strait to theisland.渡船定时穿越狭窄的海峡驶向海岛。connects/knekts/v.联结,使连接,接通,(使计算机)连接(到互联网或计算机网络)connect的第三人称单数 本课程出自公众号：双语精读训练营，制作不易，尊重原创，愿诸君上岸！apparently/prntl/adv.显然地,显然,看来,据所知He is a man of apparently boundless optimism.他显然是一个极度乐观的人。normality/n:mlti:/n.常态,正常的形势 本课程出自公众号：双语精读训练营，制作不易，尊重原创，愿诸君上岸！pandemic/pndemk/n.(全国或全球性)流行病,大流行病adj.（疾病）大流行的,普遍的，全世界的 pandemicinfluenza.流感drought/drat/n.干旱,旱灾,久旱 The area wasconstantly hit by drought.这地区经常遭到旱灾。restricted/rstrktd/adj.有限的，很小的,(指能做的事)有限的，受限制的,受(法规)制约的,受控制的,受约束的,不对公众开放的,保密的v.限制，限定(数量、范围等),束缚,妨碍,阻碍,(以法规)限制restrict的过去分词和过去式Foreign travel is restricted in his country.他的家乡是禁止外出旅游的3unacceptable/nkseptb()l/adj.不可接受的,不能接受(或允许、同意)的 But some bitter substances in itsuch as elaterin are unacceptable.由于苦瓜含有苦瓜素等物质,苦味较重,令一些消费者难以接受。capacity/kpst/n.容量,容积,容纳能力,领悟(或理解、办事)能力,职位,职责,生产量,功率 The jars capacityis under three quarts.这个坛子的容量小于三夸特crosses/kr:s/n.叉字形记号,十字形记号,(旧时用以处死人的)十字架v.穿越,越过,横过,渡过,交叉,相交,使交叉,使交叠cross的第三人称单数和复数 本课程出自公众号：双语精读训练营，制作不易，尊重原创，愿诸君上岸！suspended/sspendid/v.暂停;中止;悬;吊;挂;暂缓;推迟;延缓;使暂停发挥作用(或使用等)suspend的过去分词和过will create disorder in the coming months.近几周来胡塞武装实施了十多次袭击，并于12月8日实施了4次袭击，这给船运业构成了严重的威胁。在通常航行的苏伊士运河上，提供约95%运力的集装箱企业，包括瑞士的地中海航运公司（MSC）与丹麦的马士基集团（Maersk）两大航运巨头在内，都已中止了服务。英国石油公司（BP）、挪威国家石油公司（Equinor）等少数能源公司也暂时不让所属船只驶入该运河。2021年，长赐号（Ever Given）巨型集装箱货轮在此航道搁浅，阻碍运河通航长达6天，船运企业已经重新规划航线，绕道非洲。克拉克森船舶经纪预估，这将会使亚洲与北欧的航行时间延长约31至40天。除非该航道能重新安全开放，否则因货船延误到港而导致港口面临延误以及不可避免的中断将会在未来数月里引发混乱。【4】Still,this Suez crisis will not“put a cork inglobal trade”,says Lars Jensen of Vespucci Maritime,a consultancy.The reason for the cautious optimismhas to do with shippings remorseless cyclicality.Incontrast to the Ever Given fiasco,supply chains arenot currently under immense strain.Back then cutsto capacity coupled with a surge in spending bylocked-down consumers had sent shipping ratessurging to astronomical levels.A global index fromDrewry,another consultancy,hit over$10,000 perstandard container.On some routes,spot ratessurpassed$20,000.That helped push shipping firmscombined net profits in 2022 to$215bn,according tothe John McCown container Report,an industrycompendium,compared with a cumulative loss of$8.5bn in 2016-19.不过，咨询机构Vespucci Maritime的拉尔斯甄森（LarsJensen）表示，苏伊士运河危机不会“让全球贸易静默”。之所以持审慎乐观的态度，是因为航运业存在无情的周期性。与去式 Production has been suspended while safety checksare carried out.在进行安全检查期间生产暂停。temporarily/temprrl,temprerl/adv.暂时 Thethundershower had temporarily scattered the swimmers.雷阵雨暂时驱散了游泳的人。canal/knl/n.运河,灌溉渠,导管,食道,气管v.在开运河；疏导 He had the disease of alimentary canal.他患了消化道疾病。disrupted/dsrptd/v.扰乱,使中断,打乱disrupt的过去分词和过去式 Bus services will be disrupted tomorrowbecause of the bridge closure.明日公共汽车将因大桥停止通行而受影响。giant/dant/n.(故事中常为残酷而愚蠢的)巨人,巨兽,巨型植物,大公司,强大的组织,伟人adj.巨大的,特大的,伟大的 The giant jets that increasingly dominate the worldsairways.越来越称雄于世界航线的巨型喷气机。aground/grand/adv.搁浅地；地面上 adj.搁浅的；地面上的 be aground at low water低潮时搁浅journeys/d:niz/n.(尤指长途)旅行，行程v.(尤指长途)旅行journey的第三人称单数和复数 Im sorry youve hada wasted journey.抱歉劳你白跑一趟。reckons/reknz/v.想,认为,被普遍认为是,被看作是,料想,预计,指望 reckon的第三人称单数 本课程出自公众号：双语精读训练营，制作不易，尊重原创，愿诸君上岸！reopen/rip()n/v.重新开业,重新开放(商店、剧场等),重新处理,再次开始,恢复 Officials reopened theairport after the snow was cleared.Schools reopen inSeptember.在大雪被清除后官方重新开放了机场。学校在九月份重新开学delays/dlez/v.延迟,延期,推迟,使迟到,使耽搁,使拖延delay的第三人称单数 本课程出自公众号：双语精读训练营，制作不易，尊重原创，愿诸君上岸！inevitable/nevtb()l/adj.不可避免的,不能防止的,总会发生的,照例必有的,惯常的,必然发生的事,不可避免的事n.必然发生的事；不可避免的事 I braced myself for theinevitable blast.我做好准备去面对那无法避免的严厉责备。disruption/dsrpn/n.中断;扰乱;混乱 Mr Rossersaid the barrage would cause massive ecologicaldisruption and distract from alternatives.罗瑟表示巨坝工程将导致大规模生态崩溃，而且这计画已经偏离了选择。schedule/edjul/n.工作计划,日程安排,(电视或广播)节目表,(价格、收费或条款等的)一览表，明细表，清单vt.安排,为安排时间,预定,列入，收进(正式目录、清单等中)I have accomplished the task on schedule.我按时完成了任务。disorder/dsd/n.混乱,紊乱,疾病,失调,杂乱,凌乱,骚乱,动乱,不适v.使混乱；使(身心等)失调 The mostcommon are major depressive disorder and dysthymicdisorder.最常见的是重度抑郁症和心境恶劣障碍。4cautious/ks/adj.小心的,谨慎的 She obeyed andcautiously opened the door.她服从了,并心地开了门。optimism/ptmz()m/n.乐观主义,乐观 Hisoptimism blinded him to many problems.他的乐观态度长赐号货轮事件不同，如今的供应链并未承受巨大压力。在那时，运力锐减加上疫情管控中消费者支出激增，船运费率飙升至天文数字。另一家咨询机构德鲁里（Drewry）发布的全球指数已超10000美元/标准集装箱。在一些航道上，即期利率超20000美元。根据船运业汇编约翰麦考恩集装箱报告（John McCown container Report），这使得船运公司的联合净收入在2022年达到2150亿美元，而2016至2019年的累计损失就达85亿美元。【5】The shipping firms usual response to suchprice signals is to order new vessels.Those are startingto arrive.Though demand has remained flat over thepast year or two,the global fleets capacity will swellby 9%this year and another 11%in 2024,according toING,a bank.Already,the industrys profits may haveplunged by 80%in 2023.With capacity to spare,running longer routes should not cause the disruptionseen at the height of covid-19.By mid-DecemberDrewrys index was becalmed at$1,500 or so.Ratescould double as a result of the Red Sea turmoil,reckons Peter Sand at Xeneta,a freight-data firm.Butthey will probably stay well below their pandemicpeaksand so will shipping companies profits.面对这样的价格信号，航运公司通常的回应是订购新船。这些新船已经开始逐渐投入使用。尽管过去一两年的需求起伏较小，但银行荷兰国际集团（ING）表示，全球货船的运力在今年增长了9%，并将在2024年增长11%。船运业的利润或许在2023年已骤降80%。在有剩余运力可以支配的条件下，选择更耗时的航线并不会导致类似新冠疫情最严重期间发生的中断。在12月中旬，德鲁里指数停滞在1500美元左右。运输数据公司Xeneta彼得桑德（Peter Sand）估计，由于红海动使他对许多问题视而不见。remorseless/rmsls/adj.持续恶化的,残酷的,无情的,无同情心的 Unemployment continued its remorselessrise.失业率持续上升。fiasco/fsk/n.惨败,可耻的失败,尴尬的结局 Themeeting was a fiasco from start to finish.会议自始至终都失败了。currently/krntli/adv.现时,目前,当前,时下 She iscurrently appearing at the Liverpool Playhouse.她目前正在利物浦剧院演出。immense/mens/adj.极大的,巨大的 Some elderpeople enjoy Beijing opera immensely.有些上了年纪的人非常喜爱京剧。strain/stren/v.拉紧,损伤,拉伤,扭伤,尽力,竭力,使劲,过度使用,使不堪承受,用力推（或拉）,滤n.压力,劳损,重负,重压之下出现的问题(或担忧等),拉力,张力,应力,拉伤,扭伤,（动、植物的）系，品系，品种,个性特点,乐曲 Theircheerfulness seemed rather strained and artificial.他们的快乐表情看上去很勉强而做作。coupled/kpld/v.(把车辆或设备等)连接，结合,性交,交配couple的过去分词和过去式 They coupled thecarriages of the train together.他们把这些列车车厢连接起来。surge/sd/vi.涌,汹涌,涌动,使强烈地感到,急剧上升,飞涨,激增,浪涌n.(强烈感情的)突发,(数量的)急剧上升，激增,大量,一大批,奔涌向前,突然的向上运动,（电流）浪涌The sea was rolling in immense surges.大海上浪涛汹涌。locked/lkt/adj.(冲突或战斗)纠缠不清的，僵持不下的v.(用锁)锁上,被锁住,把锁起来,(使)固定，卡住，塞住lock的过去分词和过去式 astronomical/strnmk()l/adj.天文学的,天文的,极其巨大的 Astronomical sums of money will be neededfor this river tunnel plan.这条过江隧道的计划需要极大的一笔钱。routes/ru:t/n.路线,路途,(公共汽车和列车等的)常规路线，固定线路,途径,渠道v.按某路线发送route的第三人称单数和复数 Zone Routing Protocol in MANET consistsof IntrAzone and IntErzone routing.自组网中区域路由协议主要由区域内路由和区域间路由组成。surpassed/spst/v.超过,胜过,优于surpass的过去分词和过去式combined/kmband/adj.联合的,共同的,总计的,总共的v.(使)结合，组合，联合，混合,兼有,兼备,使融合(或并存),同时做(两件或以上的事),兼做,兼办combine的过去分词和过去式 Im going to Hawaii for pleasure combined withbusiness.我准备去夏威夷玩玩,也办点事。profits/prfts/n.利润,收益,赢利,好处,利益,裨益v.获益,得到好处,对有用(或有益)profit的第三人称单数和复数The profit on the deal was fractional.那笔生意获利很小。compendium/kmpendim/n.摘要,纲要 复 数:compendia compendium of classification opinions分类意见提要cumulative/kjumjltv/adj.累计的,累积的,(在力量或重要性方面)聚积的，积累的，渐增的 This drug has acumulative effect.这种药有渐增的效力。5荡，运价可能会翻倍。但数值大概率低于疫情前的峰值水平，船运公司的利润亦是如此。今日词汇process pruses n.过程，进程；工序，制作法v.加工，处理考研出现次数：40+考频：考点回顾翻译考点真题例句：例 We are thus led to distinguish,within the broadeducational process which we have been so far considering,amore formal kind of educationthat of direct tuition orschooling.译 这就引导我们在一直思考的广义的教育过程中区分出一种更为正规的教育形式，即直接指导或学校教育。（2009年英语一翻译50题）完形考点真题例句：例 Thinking is essentially a process of making connections inthe brain.(2014英语一完形)译 思考是大脑神经连接必要的过程。长难句1.原文：So missile and drone attacks by Houthimilitants in Yemen on ships passing through the narrowstrait of Bab al-Mandab,which connects the Red Sea tothe Gulf of Aden,apparently in support of Palestiniansin Gaza,look like the latest blow to the shippingindustryand to its customers.2.分析：整个句子是So引导的原因状语从句。句中主句是主系表结构missile and drone attacks（主语）look like（系动词）the latest blow to the shippingindustry and to its customers（表语）。by Houthimilitants in Yemen on ships是方式状语，passingthrough the narrow strait of Bab al-Mandab为现在分词作伴随状语修饰ships。which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Bab al-Mandab。in support of是介词短语。3.译文：因此，也门胡塞武装在狭窄水道曼德海峡（Bab al-Mandab）处对过往商船实施导弹及无人机袭击，这可能成为对船运行业及其客户的最新打击。曼德海峡连接着红海（the Red Sea）与亚丁湾（the Gulf of Aden），胡塞武装的举动显然是在表达对加沙地带巴勒斯坦人的支持。1.原文：It has struck just as both groups try to returnto normality after the upheavals of the pandemic and,more recently,troubles which include a drought that hasrestricted large vessels from passing through thePanama Canal for several months.2.分析：主句是主谓结构It（主语）has struck（谓语动词）。just as和after引导时间状语，which引导定语从句，修饰troubles。that引导定语从句，修饰drought。for several months是时间状语。3.译文：船运方与客户方经历疫情动荡以及近期干旱导致大型商船几个月内无法通过巴拿马海峡等各种问题，双方都试图重回常态，袭击正发生在这一节点。写作技巧:But they will probably stay well below their pandemicpeaksand so will shipping companies profits.但数值大概率低于疫情前的峰值水平，船运公司的利润亦是如此。fleet/flit/n.舰队,捕鱼船队,(一国的)全部军舰，海军,机群，车队adj.跑得快的,快速的adv.浅v.掠过；(船员)变换位置；消磨(时间)The fishing fleet comprises around 70boats.捕鱼船队由大约70艘渔船组成。swell/swel/v.膨胀,肿胀,(使)凸出，鼓出,(使)增加，增大，扩大,变得更响亮,充满（激情）n.海浪的涌动,涌浪,(尤指身体部位)凸起的形状，鼓出处，隆起处,增加,增大,扩大,增强,逐渐增强,重要人士adj.很愉快的,极有趣的 Thebridge collapsed into the swollen river.桥陷入了暴涨的河水里。plunged/plndd/v.使突然前冲(或下落),暴跌,骤降,突降,陡峭地向下倾斜plunge的过去分词和过去式 becalmed/bkmd/adj.(帆船)不能前进的 The shipwas becalmed for three days.船停三天。turmoil/tml/n.动乱,混乱,骚动,焦虑 the countrywas in turmoil.这个国家陷于混乱中。freight/fret/n.(海运、空运或陆运的)货物,货运vt.寄送，运送(货物),货运,使充满(某种心情或口气)Thefreight is included in the account.运费包括在帐内。peaks/piks/n.顶峰,高峰,山峰,峰峦,尖形,尖端,尖头v.达到高峰,达到最高值peak的第三人称单数和复数 本课程出自公众号：双语精读训练营，制作不易，尊重原创，愿诸君上岸！短语1.原文：So far in 2023 around 24,000 vesselshave plied the passage,词典：so far;thus far到目前为止；迄今为止；到这点为止例句：What do you think of the show so far?到目前为止你觉得这场演出怎么样？Detectives are so far at a loss to explainthe reason for his death.至今侦探仍茫然无法解释他的死因。2.原文：accounting for some 10%of globalseaborne trade by volume词典：account for sth1.是的说明（或原因）2.解释；说明3.（数量上、比例上）占例句：The poor weather may have accountedfor the small crowd.天气不好可能是人来得少的原因。How do you account for the showssuccess?你认为这次演出为何成功？The Japanese market accounts for 35%of the companys revenue.日本市场占该公司收入的35%。3.原文：apparently in support of Palestiniansin Gaza,look like the latest blow to theshipping industry词典：a/the blow to sb/sth打击；挫折例句：Losing his job came as a terrible blowto him.失业给他造成了沉重的打击。It was a shattering blow to her pride.那事彻底摧毁了她的自尊心。4.原文：A dozen Houthi attacks in recentweeks and four more on December 18th posean unacceptable danger to shipping.表达：在表示“A如此”,“B也如此”时用so+助动词+主语，即“A dose sth,so does B”这一结构，可以用来表述某物做了/经历了某事后，另一物也和其类似。词典：sth poses a danger/problem产生(问题);造成(威胁、危险等)例句：This could pose a threat to jobs in thecoal industry这可能会给煤炭产业的就业造成威胁。5.原文：delays and the inevitable disruptionat ports as vessels arrive out of schedule willcreate disorder in the coming months.词典：ahead of schedule提前out ofschedule延迟例句：The jet arrived in Johannesburg twominutes ahead of schedule喷气式飞机提前两分钟到达了约翰内斯堡。例句：Every time the political complexion ofthe government changed,so
