2024.01.11 外刊双语精读 歌舞地震学：看看你对我做了什么.pdf

Terpsichoseismology：Look what you made me do 歌舞地震学：看看你对我做了什么The excitement of 70,000 Swifties can shake the Earth 7万霉粉的狂欢能够撼动地球【1】“Shake,shake,shake,shake”,Taylor Swiftsings from the stage of Lumen Field in Seattle at 10.35in the evening on July 22nd.The fans respond,enthusiastically;the stadium duly shakes;a nearbyseismometer takes note.To pop aficionados“Shake itoff”is an empowering up-tempo anthem played at160 beats per minute.To the Pacific Northwest seismicNetwork,which is designed to monitor earthquakes,it is a 2.6 hertz signal in which the amplitude of theacceleration was as large as one centimetre persecond,per second.“Shake,shake,shake,shake”，7月22日晚10点35分，泰勒斯威夫特在西雅图流明球场（Lumen Field）的舞台上唱道。粉丝予以热烈回应，体育场也随之震动。置于一旁的地震仪也监测到了震动。对于流行歌曲乐迷来说，“Shake itoff”是一首每分钟有160节拍的高能快节奏歌曲。对用于监测地震活动的“太平洋西北部地震网”来说，演唱会产生了2.6赫中文导读7万霉粉的狂欢能够撼动地球excitement/ksatmnt/n.激动,兴奋,刺激,令人激动(或兴奋)的事 Subdued my excitement about the upcomingholiday.克制我那因即将到来的节日而产生的兴奋1enthusiastically/in,ju:zistikli/adv.热情地,热心地,激动地,滔滔不绝地 The audience clappedenthusiastically and called for more.观众们热烈鼓掌要求再来一个。stadium/stedm/n.体育场,运动场 The crowd jostledinto the new stadium.人群挤进了新体育场。shakes/eik/v.抖动,摇动,摇(出),摇头,抖(掉),(使)颤动n.摇动；握手；打击；地震；颤音；木制墙面板（shake的复数）,（Shakes）（美、英、加、澳、俄）夏凯（人名）shake的第三人称单数 Hes no great shakes as ateacher.他不是个很称职的老师。seismometer/sazmmt/n.地震仪;地震检波器;地震计 The seismometer has one vertical component andtwo horizontal components.地震计由一台垂直向和两台水平向组成。aficionados/fndz/n.酷爱者,迷aficionado的复数 I happen to be an aficionado of the opera,and Ilove art museums 碰巧我是个歌剧迷，而且我爱去艺术博物馆。empowering/mpar/v.授权,给(某人)的权力,增加(某人的)自主权,使控制局势empower的现在分词 Thearmy is now empowered to operate on a shoot-to-killbasis.军队现在被授权依据“杀无赦”原则行动。tempo/tempu/n.(运动或活动的)速度,(乐曲的)拍子,节奏 The boss is unsatisfied with the tardy tempo.老板不满于这种缓慢的进度。anthem/nm/n.国歌,(组织或群体的)社歌，团歌,(宗教)赞美歌(常由管风琴伴奏)They usually play thenational anthems of the teams at the beginning of a bigmatch.在大型赛事开始前,他们通常演奏参赛国国歌。beats/bi:ts/v.(在比赛或竞争中)赢，打败(某人);控制;难倒 n.心脏跳动（beat的复数）；音乐节拍；物 差拍振动beat的第三人称单数 In the end their army was beaten.最后他们的军队被打败了。earthquakes/kweks/n.地震earthquake的复数 本课程出自公众号：双语精读训练营，制作不易，尊重原创，愿诸君上岸！hertz/hts/n.电赫,赫兹(频率单位)Hertz赫兹(姓氏 Gustav,1887-1975,德国物,曾获1925年诺贝尔物奖 Henirich Rudolf,1857-1894,德国物)Ten hertzmeans to go ten times around per second.十赫兹就是，每秒转十次。amplitude/mpltjud/n.(声音、无线电波等的)振幅Bright areas reveal undeflected or stationary nodalregions while contour lines trace out areas of constantDecember 16th 2023【Science&technology】01.11 双语精读双语精读丨歌舞地震学：看看你对我丨歌舞地震学：看看你对我做了什么做了什么兹的信号，其加速度的振幅高达1cm/s2。【2】The well-situated seismometer first came to public attention in January 2011,when it recorded the response of fans of the Seattle Seahawks,an American football team,to a magnificent touchdown by Marshawn Lynch,a running back known as“Beast Mode”.The“Beast Quake”went down in local sporting history.When Ms Swift came to town for two nights of her Eras tour,Jacqueline Caplan-Auerbach,a geology professor at Western Washington University,used the opportunity to learn more about how events in the stadium shake its surroundings.On December 11th she presented some of her conclusions at the American Geophysical Unions autumn meeting in San Francisco.摆放位置绝佳的地震仪最初受到公众关注是在2011年1月，在当时的橄榄球比赛中，西雅图海鹰队（Seattle Seahawks）中号称“野兽模式”的跑卫马肖恩林奇（Marshawn Lynch）完成了一个绝妙的达阵（持球越线得分），球队球迷欢呼雀跃，地震仪记录到了当时的反应。本课程出自公众号：双语精读训练营，制作不易，尊重原创，愿诸君上岸！“野兽地震”载入当地体育史。当斯威夫特来到西雅图进行为期两晚的Eras巡演时，西华盛顿大学地质学家杰奎琳卡普兰-奥尔巴赫（Jacqueline Caplan-Auerbach）利用这个机会来研究体育场内活动对其周边产生的震动影响。12月11日，她在旧金山的美国地理联盟秋季会议上展示了部分结论。【3】In 1985 Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band set the Nya Ullevi stadium in Gothenburg shaking violently enough to alarm some of the audience,and doing enough damage to the structure for further concerts there to be banned.This,later analysis found,was not down to the intensity with which Maxvibrational amplitude.亮区表示未受偏转的或稳定的波节区而轮廓线则描绘出等的区域。acceleration/kselre()n/n.加快,加速度,加速,(车辆)加速能力，加速的幅度 Generally aggressive driving,including sudden acceleration,braking,and closetailgating.普通的攻击性驾驶，包括突然加速、刹车，以及跟前车太近。centimetre/senti,mi:t/n.厘米 One centimetre isequal to 10 millimetres.一厘米等于10毫米。2situated/stjetd/adj.位于,坐落在,处于状况,处境v.使位于,使坐落于,将置于,使联系situate的过去分词和过去式 The school is situated in the suburbs.这所学校位于郊外。magnificent/mgnfs()nt/adj.壮丽的,宏伟的,值得赞扬的 The frescoes in these churches are magnificent.这些教堂里的壁画富丽堂皇。touchdown/ttdan/n.(飞机或宇宙飞船的)着陆，降落，接地,(在对方球门线后)持球触地,达阵(持球越过对方球门线或在对方球门线上接球)The crowd yelled whenthe hometown team scored a touchdown.当他们自己的队得了底线分时,人群高声呼喊起来。sporting/spt/adj.体育运动的,风格高的,有良好体育风尚的v.得意地穿戴,夸示,故意显示,开心活泼地玩,嬉戏sport的现在分词 The victory became part of sportingfolklore.那次胜利已成为人们津津乐道的体育传奇故事。geology/dld/n.地质学,(某地区的)地质 the geology of North America北美地质概况surroundings/sraundiz/n.周围的环境,环境surrounding的复数 We are averse to such noisy surroundings.我们不喜欢这么吵闹的环境。conclusions/knklunz/n.结论,推论,结束,结果,结尾,结局,签订,达成,缔结conclusion的复数 本课程出自公众号：双语精读训练营，制作不易，尊重原创，愿诸君上岸！3alarm/lm/n.惊恐,惊慌,恐慌,警报,警报器vt.使惊恐,使害怕,使担心,给(门等)安装警报器 The alarm clockawoke me on time.闹钟按时把我闹醒了。structure/strkt/n.结构,构造,结构体,(尤指)建筑物,精心组织,周密安排,体系vt.使形成体系,系统安排,精心组织A flower has quite a complicated structure.一朵花的结构相当复杂。concerts/kns:t/n.音乐会,演奏会concert的复数 Theconcert was rather an amateurish affair.这场音乐会颇有些外行客串的味道。banned/bnd/v.明令禁止,取缔,禁止(某人)做某事(或去某处等)ban的过去分词和过去式 intensity/ntenst/n.强烈,紧张,剧烈,强度,烈度 He isdoing research on radiant intensity.他在研究辐射强度。pounding/pundi/n.连续的重击声,剧烈的心跳(声),遭重创的情景,严重破损的情况v.反复击打,连续砰砰地猛击,咚咚地走,(心脏)狂跳，怦怦地跳pound的现在分词 IWeinberg was pounding his drums,though it is an intensity to be reckoned with.The audience on the pitch was moving at a frequency that resonated with the clay beneath the stadium and parts of the building.1985年，布鲁斯斯普林斯汀（Bruce Springsteen）和E街乐队（E Street Band）在哥德堡（Gothenburg）新乌利维球场（Nya Ullevi stadium）引发的剧烈震动足以让其中一些观众感到恐慌，并给建筑结构带来了严重损坏，导致该场馆后续无法举办演唱会。本课程出自公众号：双语精读训练营，制作不易，尊重原创，愿诸君上岸！之后的分析发现，这并不是由于马克斯温伯格（Max Weinberg）敲击鼓的强度引起的，尽管他的鼓点确实强烈，被考虑在内。事实上，球场上的观众以一种与体育场下方黏土产生共振的频率运动，影响了体育场的部分建筑结构。【4】Dr Caplan-Auerbach wanted to see whether such resonant amplification might also be at play elsewhere,and to distinguish between the effect of the music itself and the audiences response.Her concert-night data showed two distinct sets of signals,one in higher frequencies(30-80Hz),one in lower frequencies(1-8Hz).The higher-frequency signals were present during the sound check,when the band were on stage but the stadium empty,and absent during the concerts“surprise songs”,played without the band by Ms Swift alone.The lower frequencies were absent when the audience had yet to arrive.Clearly those higher frequencies were from the music itself.卡普兰-奥尔巴赫教授希望弄清此类谐振放大现象在别处是否会有影响，并将音乐本身的影响同观众反应的影响进行区分。她在音乐会夜间记录的数据表明有两个不同的信号集，一个为较高频（30-80赫兹），另一个为较低频（1-8赫兹）。较高频信号在试音期间出现，此时乐队正在舞台上而观众席无人，heard him pounding along the gangway.我听见他拖着沉重的脚步沿通道走去。drums/drmz/v.打鼓（drum 的第三人称单数）n 鼓;鼓声（drum 的复数）n.鼓；鼓声（drum 的复数）drums are basic to African music.鼓是非洲音乐的基本乐器。reckoned/reknd/v.认为;想;预计;指望;被看作是;被普遍认为是;料想 reckon的过去分词和过去式 frequency/frikw()ns/n.(声波或电磁波振动的)频率,频繁,发生率,出现率,重复率 Could versus signal passingprogramme came realize frequency demultiplication,could realize precise frequency synthesis output.可以对信号通过编程来实现分频，从而可以实现精确的频率合成输出。resonated/res/v.产生共鸣,发出回响,回荡,(使)回响，起回声,使产生联想,引起共鸣,和的想法(或观念)类似resonate的过去分词和过去式 4amplification/mplfken/n.放大;扩大（充）；膨胀 That comment needs some amplification.这个评论需要进一步充实。distinguish/dstgw/v.区分,辨别,分清,成为的特征,使具有的特色,使有别于,看清,认出,听出,使出众Distinguish what motive actually swayed with him.辨明实际上对他具有影响力的动机是什么。showed/d/v.表明,证明,给看,出示,展示,(通过示范)教，解说,演示show的过去分词和过去式 Show me a liar,and I will show you a thief.谚说谎是偷窃的开始。distinct/dst(k)t/adj.不同的,明显的,清晰的,清楚的,明白的,有区别的,不同种类的,确定无疑的,确切的 PeipheralT-cell Lymphoma with Distinct Perifollicular GrowthPattern.A Distinct Subtype of T-cell Lymphoma.具有明显滤泡旁生长方式的外周T细胞性淋巴瘤-T细胞性淋巴瘤的又一特殊亚型?5repetitive/rpettv/adj.重复的,重复乏味的 His jobconsists of dull,repetitive work.他干的是些单调重复的工作。harmonics/hmnks/n.和声,泛音，谐波（物理）harmonic的复数 The modulation index can be increasedby using distorted wave forms that contain only triplen(multiples of three)harmonics.通过使用只含有三次谐形作为载可以提高个调节指数。multiples/mltplz/n.倍数multiple的复数 The number8 is a multiple of 4.八是四的倍数。colleagues/kligz/n.同事,同僚,同人colleague的复数 本课程出自公众号：双语精读训练营，制作不易，尊重原创，愿诸君上岸！seismic/sazmk/adj.地震的,地震引起的,影响深远的,重大的 The first offshore multiwave and multicomponentseismic experiment has been made by CNOOC.中国海洋石油领域开展了首次海上多波多分量地震试验。reflect/rflekt/v.反映,映出(影像),反射(声、光、热等),显示，表明，表达(事物的自然属性或人们的态度、情感等),认真思考 This incident reflects badly on everyoneinvolved.这一事件给所有相关人士都造成了恶劣影响。并在演唱会的“惊喜曲目”演唱时消失，此时由斯威夫特独唱而无乐队伴奏。在观众进场前并无较低频。显而易见，高频信号来自于音乐本身。【5】The lower frequency signals changed from song to song in line with the tempo of the music;they were clearly driven by the audiences response rather than a general resonance on the part of the building itself.harmonics above the main signal seem to be down to what is known in signal analysis as the Dirac comb effect,in which repetitive signals at one frequency create harmonics at multiples of that frequency.Jordi Daz and colleagues had suggested as much in their seismic analysis of another Springsteen concert,this one at Camp Nou,in Barcelona,in 2016.But Dr Caplan-Auerbach also suggests that they might in some cases reflect fans differing in their interpretations of the rhythms.低频信号根据曲目不同而变化，与音乐节奏紧密相关，这些信号显然由观众的反应而非建筑物本身部分的总体回声所引发。本课程出自公众号：双语精读训练营，制作不易，尊重原创，愿诸君上岸！主信号上方的谐波似乎是由信号分析中所谓的狄拉克梳状效应（Dirac comb effect）造成的，即一个频率上的重复信号会在该频率的倍数处产生谐波。乔迪迪亚兹（Jordi Daz）及其同事分析了在2016年巴塞罗那诺坎普球场（Camp Nou）举行的另一场斯普林斯汀演唱会，得出的结论大部分相同。但同时卡普兰-奥尔巴赫教授称，在某些情况下，这些谐波可能反映了歌迷对节奏解读的差异。【6】The effects of the songs and Ms Swifts performance,as captured on time-stamped pictures of the event taken by fans like Dr Caplan-Auerbachs teenage neighbour(cited in her presentation as a co-author),proved highly replicable,though the first-differing/dfr/v.相异,有区别,不同于,意见相左,持不同看法,不同意differ的现在分词 interpretations/ntprtenz/n.理解,解释,说明,演绎,演奏方式,表演方式interpretation的复数 rhythms/rmz/n.节奏,韵律,律动,规则变化,规律,节律rhythm的复数 6captured/kptd/v.俘虏,俘获,捕获,用武力夺取,攻取,攻占,夺得,赢得,争得capture的过去分词和过去式 Thechampionship was captured by the Danes.冠军被丹麦人夺去了。stamped/stmpt/adj.(信封或包裹)贴好邮票的v.跺(脚),重踩,重踏,迈着重重的步伐走,在上盖(字样或图案等),把(字样或图案等)盖在上stamp的过去分词和过去式 Hestamped the paper with the date.他把日期印在了文件上。cited/satd/v.提及(原因),举出(示例),列举,引用,引述,援引,传唤,传讯cite的过去分词和过去式 He was cited forcontempt of court.他因藐视法庭受到传讯。presentation/prez()nte()n/n.演示,提交,授予,颁发,出示,提出(或展示、解释等)的方式,展示会,介绍会,发布会,颁奖仪式,（戏剧等的）上演，演出,（胎儿的）临产胎位，产式，先露位置 The Queen will make thepresentation herself.女王将亲手赠送礼品。replicable/replkbl/adj.可复制的;复制性;可复现性;可重复性crowd/krad/n.人群,观众,一伙人,一帮人,群众,民众,老百姓,凡夫俗子vt.挤满,塞满,使拥挤,涌上(心头),涌入(脑海),挤，靠近，挤在一旁(以致使人不舒服或紧张)I wasswept along by the crowd.我被人群推着向前走。energetic/endetk/adj.精力充沛的,充满活力的,需要能量的,积极的 He is an energetic boy;he enjoys sports.他是一个精力充沛的孩子，他喜欢运动。committed/kmtd/adj.坚定的，明确的，坚信的,尽心尽力的v.做出(错或非法的事),犯(罪或错等),自杀,承诺，保证(做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等)commit的过去分词和过去式 Our brigade will be committed at dawn.我们旅黎明就要投入战斗。crescendo/krend/n.(音乐的)渐强,逐渐增强的喧闹声,持续噪声的最高点adv.渐强,(感情,动作)逐渐加强 Thegale reached its crescendo in the evening.狂风在晚上达到高潮。climax/klamks/n.(戏剧、音乐等通常接近结束时出现的)高潮,(重要事情或时刻的)顶点,性高潮v.达成(或形成)极点(或顶点、高潮),达到性高潮 The climax of the bookhappens in Egypt.该故事的高潮发生在埃及。triumph/tramf/n.胜利,巨大成功,重大成就,(巨大成功或胜利的)心满意足,狂喜,(成功的)典范,楷模vi.成功,战胜,打败 He had met the challenge and triumphed.他迎接挑战并取得了胜利。7considerably/knsdrbl/adv.非常,很,相当多地 Inthe following years,his fortunes improved considerably.在后来的几年中,他的运气大为好转。night crowd was a tad more energetic(perhaps theywere the more committed set of fans).On bothoccasions that“Love Storys”final crescendo reachedits peak with the line“Pulled out a ring and saidMarry me Juliet”the oscillations came to a climax asthe singers left arm rose in triumph.卡普兰-奥尔巴赫教授的邻居少年（论文中介绍其为共同作者）等歌迷用带有时间戳的拍摄照片记录演唱活动，结果表明，虽然第一晚的观众更加激动（或许这群歌迷更加忠诚），但歌曲和斯威夫特演出产生的效果很大程度上能够复制。两个场次中的Love Story歌声末尾渐强并随着歌词“Pulled out a ring and said Marry me Juliet”达到顶峰，震动也随着歌手左臂以胜利姿态举向天空而达到巅峰。【7】Overall,the signal was considerably strongerthan the original Beast Quake,presumably becausethe Swifties are co-ordinated by the beat in a way thatfootball fans are not.But differences in audiencedemographics,and tastes,may provide furtherinsights.In August 2024 veteran heavy-metal bandMetallica will play the Lumen Field.Theseismometer will be waiting to see what a bit ofheadbanging adds to the mix.总体来说，此轮信号比最初的“野兽地震”要强烈得多，或许是因为霉粉打节拍时相较于球迷来说更有协调性。但观众结构和品味的差异可能会为研究提供更多的角度。2024年8月，重金属乐队Metallica将在流明球场（Lumen Field）演出。地震仪将要监测乐迷们的摇头摆动会对结果带来多大影响。今日词汇performancepf:mns n.履行、执行；表演；性能、成绩、业绩、表现考研出现次数：20+考频：考点回顾翻译考点真题例句：例 By all accounts he was a freethinking person,and acourageous one,and I find courage an essential quality for theunderstanding,let alone the performance,of his works.presumably/prizju:-mbli,pri:-/adv.很可能,大概,想必是 Presumably the bad weather has delayed the flight.大概恶劣的天气使飞机误点了。demographics/dmrfks/n.人口统计数据demographic的复数 The demographics of the Southwestindicate a growing population of older consumers.西南部的人口统计状况显示了老年消费者数量的增长veteran/vet()r()n/n.经验丰富的人,老手,退伍军人,老兵,老战士,老水兵adj.经验丰富的，(尤指军事方面)老练的,资格老的,由老兵组织成的 The old veteran had a martialbearing.那老兵具有威武的仪表。metal/met()l/n.金属，金属乐v.用金属做,用金属包,用碎石筑（路）,用碎石修路 All renascent oxygen isconsumed for oxidizing metal anode to form metal oxidefilm.当形成足够厚的氧化膜后，阳极的氧化速度减慢，阳极表面才析出氧气。短语1.原文：a nearby seismometer takes note.词典：take note(of sth)注意到；将铭记在心例句：We hope that manufacturers willtake note of the findings and improvetheir products accordingly.我们希望制造商能注意到这些结果，并对它们的产品作出相应的改进。2.原文：To pop aficionados“Shake it off”isan empowering up-tempo anthem played at160 beats per minute词典：shake sb/sthoff 1.摆脱，甩掉（某人）2.治好(疾病)，摆脱(坏习惯等)3.甩开，甩掉(使不接触)例句：Businessmen are trying to shake offhabits learned under six decades of a protectedeconomy.商人们正努力改掉60年来在保护主义经济下所养成的那些习惯。I caught him a lap later,and although Icould pass him I could not shake him off.一圈后我追上了他，可是虽然我可以超过他，但却甩不掉他。He grabbed my arm.I shook him off.他抓住了我的胳膊，我一把将他甩开了。3.原文：The“Beast Quake”went down inlocal sporting history.词典：go down in history载入史册例句：“The Paris Commune”will go downin history and hand down a goodreputation to a hundred futuregenerations.“巴黎公社”将永垂史册，流芳百世。4.原文：and doing enough damage to thestructure for further concerts there to bebanned.词典：do/cause damage to sb/sth损害，伤害例句：This could cause serious damage to thecountrys economy.这可能对国家的经济造成严重破坏。Im goingIve done enough damagehere already.我要走我在这造成的损害译人们都认为贝多芬是个思想自由且勇敢无畏的人，我认为勇气是理解其作品的二项必备的素质，更不用说演奏其作品了。(2014年英语一翻译47题)完形考点真题例句：例 The program keeps track of your progress and providesactailed feedback on your performance and improvement.(2014英语一完形)译,这个项目会纪录到你的进步，然后对你的成绩和提高提供详细的反馈给你我要走了我在这里造成的损害已经够大了。5.原文：This,later analysis found,was notdown to the intensity with which Mighty MaxWeinberg was pounding his drums,词典：be down to sb是某人的责任；由某人负责be down to sb/sth由引起(或造成)例句：Its down to you to check the door.检查门是否关好是你的事。长难句She claimed her problems were downto the media.她声称她的问题是媒体造成的。1.原文：Harmonics above the main signal seem tobe down to what is known in signal analysis as theDirac comb effect,in which repetitive signals at onefrequency create harmonics at multiples of thatfrequency.2.分析：主句是主系表结构Harmonics(主语)seemto be(系动词)down to.(表语)。what引导名词性从句(宾语从句)。above the main signal是后置定语，修饰主语Harmonics。in which引导非限制性定语