高频核心考点单词精讲DAY3.docx

高频核心考点单词精讲DAY341. answer /'ns/ n. 回答，答复；回信(同reply)；答案；v. 回答，答复；回信； (作出)答案【拓展】answer back应答，回复；顶嘴answer for对负责，适合answer to符合，与一致in answer to 作为对回答；应要求the answer to 的答案【例句】We cannot answer for his actions我们不能对他的行为负责。This boy answers to your description这个男孩和你所描绘的一模一样。Do you know the answer to the question?你知道这问题的答案吗?【串记】“Who should answer for this? Is it you that made the trouble?” the announcer asked the driver in anger. “No, it is not my fault. Its yours.” The latter answered back, annoyed. “这该由谁来负责呢?”是你惹的麻烦吗? 播音员愤怒地问司机。“不，这不是我的错。这是你的。”后者恼怒地回答。42. anxious /'æ(k)s/ a. 渴望的(同eager)；焦虑的，担忧的(同worried, concerned)；令人焦虑的【拓展】(1)be anxious for/about .为担心(忧虑)be anxious for 渴望得到be (too) anxious (for sb.) to do sth.(非常)渴望(某人)做某事(2)anxiety n. 焦虑，忧虑，担心with anxiety 焦虑地(3)anxiously adv. 焦急地，忧虑地，渴望地【例句】She is anxious to go to college now, but anxious about/for not passing the College Entrance Examination.她现在渴望上大学，但又担心不能通过高考。If you're worried about your health, share your anxieties with your doctor.你要是担心自己的健康，就把你的忧虑告诉医生吧。【串记】The alarm caused great anxiety among people. The citizens got anxious about their health and safety. And they were anxious for food and medicine. Soon, the government made an announcement that there was no need to be anxious about their health and safety because they had enough food and medicine in store. 警报引起了人们的极大焦虑。市民们担心他们的健康和安全。他们渴望食物和药品。很快，政府宣布，他们没有必要担心他们的健康和安全，因为他们有足够的食物和药物储备。43. apologize /'pldaz/ vi. 道歉，谢罪【拓展】（1）apologize to sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉（2）apology n. 道歉；辩白make/offer an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉accept/refuse an/one's apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉【例句】You should make an apology to her for your carelessness.你应该为你的粗心大意向她赔礼道歉。He offered me an apology for losing my book.他为遗失我的书而向我道歉。【串记】I must apologize to you because I owe you an apology for what I did.(apologize)我必须向你道歉，因为我应该为我的所作所为向你道歉。44. appeal /'pil/ n. & v.上诉；呼吁；吸引(力)；魅力【拓展】 (1)appeal to呼吁；上诉；恳求；对某人有吸引力，使某人感兴趣appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁/恳求某人做某事appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事而向某人呼吁(2)appeal n.呼吁；恳求；吸引力；上诉 v.有感染力；呼吁；恳求；上诉；有吸引力make an appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁/恳求make an appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁/恳求某人做某事(3)appealing adj.吸引人的；恳求的【例句】Our school appeals to the students to setaside at least an hour every day to take exercise in order to raise learning efficiency. 为了提高学习效率，我们学校呼吁学生们每天至少留出一个小时来进行锻炼。We made an appeal to the villagers for money to build the bridge.为了建造这座桥，我们呼吁村民捐款。【串记】Martin Luther King appealed to the blacks to appeal to the highest court against racial discrimination，which greatly appealed to the whole world.马丁·路德·金呼吁黑人向最高法庭上诉反对种族歧视，这引起了全世界极大的关注。45. appear /'p/ vi. 出现(反disappear)；出版(同come out)；似乎，显得(近seem)【拓展】（1）appear (to be) +n./v. 似乎是appear to do sth. 似乎做某事it appears (that)/as if从句 似乎（2）appearance (反disappearance)at first appearance初看起来in appearance外表上，看上去to(by, from)all appearances显然【例句】It appears that he had a taste for music看来他对音乐还有一定的鉴赏力。So far, it appears that China has managed to successfully use its influence. 目前为止，看起来中国已经成功运用了自己的影响力。【串记】The appealing expert appeared to have disappeared from us forever. 那位有吸引力的专家似乎永远从我们身边消失了【辨析】 appear/seem/lookappear好象，似乎(强调外表给人的印象，往往并非如此)；seem好象（表示有一定根据的判断，往往接近事实）look好象，看起来（着重由视觉得出的印象） 三词均可接表语，appear, seem可跟不定式。It looks/seems as if句型中不用appear。sb./sth. looks as if句型中不用appear, seem。seem/appear to do sth. 似乎要做某事，句型中不用look。It seems/appears that 句型中不用look。46. apply /'pla/ v. 申请；运/应/使用；(对)适用；涂抹，敷(药)【拓展】(1)apply (to sb.) for (向某人)申请apply to do sth. 申请去做某事apply to 适用于(to为介词)apply . to . 把运用于apply oneself to ( be applied to)致力于，集中精力于(2)application n. 请求；申请，申请表；应用applicant n. 申请人【例句】Over the years, he has applied himself to improving the living conditions of the migrant workers. 数年来，他一直致力于改善农民工的生活条件。All people are equal, which should apply to the disabled.所有的人都是平等的，这应该也适用于残疾人。She applied to the international school for a job as an English teacher.她向这所国际学校申请英语教师的职位。【串记】In order to know whether his plan was practical, he first applied it to his work , and then he applied for a study to his company about it. At last he applied himself to it and made necessary changes.为了知道他的计划是否可行，他先把它应用到工作中，然后向公司申请研究。最后，他致力于这个计划，并作出了必要的改变。47. appoint /'pnt/ v. 任命，委派，指定；约定，预约【拓展】(1)appoint sb.(as/to be)职位 任命某人担任职位appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事(2)appointment n. 任命，委派；约定make/have an appointment with sb.某人有约keep/break an appointment 守/违约（3）appointed adj.指定的；约定的【例句】I was appointed to take charge of arranging all the activities on that day.我被委派来负责安排在那一天所有的活动。I have an appointment with Dr. Smith, but I need to change it. 我与史密斯医生有约，但是需要改变一下。He was appointed as/to be manager of the company. But to everyone's surprise, he didn't accept the appointment他被任命为公司经理，但出乎所有人的意料，他不接受这个任命。【串记】The manager appointed_Xiao_Li_to_sign an important contract with that company. Xiao Li made_an_appointment_with the account manager ahead of time. Everything went well. The manager was very satisfied with his performance. Later, he was_appointed_as/to_be sales director of his company.【名师点津】表示委任某人担任某职务时，要分清两种情况：(1)若指的是抽象的职位(如position，office，presidency，chairmanship等)，则用“appoint sb. to抽象职位”。(2)若指的是具体的某职位(如headmaster，manager，chairman，president等)，则用“appoint sb. (to be/as)具体职位”。如：Who shall we appoint (to be/as) chairman of the club？Who shall we appoint to the chairmanship of the club？我们派谁担任俱乐部的主席呢？48. appreciate /'priet; -s-/ v. 欣赏，赏识；感激 (同be grateful/thankful for)【拓展】appreciate doing sth. 乐意做某事I would appreciate it if 如果，我将非常感激appreciation n. 欣赏，赏识；鉴赏；感激appreciative a. 感激的; 赏识的; 有欣赏力的【例句】I'd appreciate your writing me back as soon as possible.你若能尽快地给我回信，我会非常感激。I really appreciate it if you could give me such an opportunity to show my talent.如果你能给我一个这样的机会来展示我的才能我真的会非常感激。【串记】I appreciate applying theories to practice and win my appreciative tutors appreciation. I feel appreciative of him. 我喜欢把理论应用到实践中去，也赢得了我的有欣赏力的导师的赏识。我很感激他。【点津】appreciate后面先接it再跟从句，其中的it指代后面从句的内容，相当于形式宾语。有类似用法的还有：love, hate, like, prefer, dislike等。49. approach /'prt/ n. & v. 接近；靠近；处理；n. 通道；方法，途径【拓展】(1)approach sb. on/about (doing) sth.与某人商量(做)某事(2)at the approach of 在快到的时候make approaches to sb. 设法接近某人an approach to (doing) sth. 做某事的方法(3)approachable a. 亲切友善的；易理解的；可接近的【例句】I approached him about/on filling the manager's job.我找他商量，问他是否有意当经理。The job market has changed and our approach to finding (find) work must change as well.就业市场变了，我们找工作的途径也要改变。【串记】With the approach of evening, the tourists approached the destination. In fact， there is a shorter approach to the destination. 随着夜幕的降临，游客们逐渐接近了目的地。事实上,有一个短的通道到目的地。易错点拨(1)approach表示“的方法/途径”时，后常接介词to；当表示某人或某物的来临时，其后常接介词of。(2)表示“来临”的表达有：be approaching，be drawing near，be (just) around the corner，be coming等。50. approve /'pruv/ vt. 批准，认可；vi. 赞同 (反disapprove)【拓展】(1)approve of sth./doing sth.赞成某事，同意做某事approve of sb. doing sth. 同意某人做某事(2)approval n. 赞成；同意meet with sb.'s approval 得到某人的批准win/earn sb.'s approval 取得某人的同意/赞成with/without approval of 经/未经的批准(3)approving a. 赞成/同的，满意的disapproving【例句】I approve of your trying to make some money, but please don't neglect your studies.我赞成你设法赚些钱，但请不要荒废学业。By doing well at school he hoped to win his parents' approval他在学校表现不错，希望以此得到父母的赞许。【串记】Everyone had approved of the plan of building a park in the rural area, so we referred it to the committee to meet with its approval. One month later, we began to build the park with approval of the government. 每个人都赞同在农村建造公园的计划，所以我们把它提交委员会，以经其批准。一个月后，我们经政府批准开始建造公园。apart (1)tell A from B/tell the difference between A and B/distinguish between A and B/distinguish A from B把A和B区分开来(2)fall apart 土崩瓦解apart from 除之外I think it is quite impossible for us to tell the twin brothers apart.I think it is quite impossible for us to tell_the_difference_between the twin brothers.对于我们来说，把这对双胞胎兄弟区分开来我认为是不可能的。Apart_from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs.除了脸部和双手受伤以外，他的两条腿也断了。It's almost impossible to tell Jackie and Moira apart since they had their hair cut.杰姬和莫伊拉都把头发剪了，几乎不可能把她俩区别开来。51. area /'er/ n. 地区/方，区域；场所；领域；面积【拓展】cover an area of 占地面积为industrial/no-smoking area 工业区/无烟区on the area 在范围内【例句】We allow smoking only in this area. 我们只允许在这个区吸烟。【辨析】area, district, region这三个词意思是“地区”。 area指较大的地区时侧重其“面积”,不指行政上的地理单位; region所表示的“地区”,指有地理界限或具有某种特色,自成一个单位的地区,一般是较大的行政单位,如我国的自治区(autonomous region); district所指的“地区”范围比region小。【串记】The factory covers an area of 15,000 square metres, with the first-class workshops and advanced equipment. It is in the lead in many areas. 工厂占地面积15000平方米，拥有一流的厂房和先进的设备。它在许多领域处于领先地位。52. argue /'gju/ vi. 争论/执/吵；论证；护理力争【拓展】(1)argue with sb. about/over sth.与某人辩论某事argue for/against sth. 赞成/反对某事argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事argue that . 主张；认为(2)argument n. 争论；辩论【例句】I managed to argue her into taking a walk with me after supper. 晚饭后，我设法让她和我一起散步。He was unhappy because many people argued against his plan. 他不高兴，因为许多人反对他的计划。Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment. 反对电视的另一个论点是，它取代了阅读作为一种娱乐形式。【串记】Experts are arguing over the new treatment. Some argue for it. Others argue against it. In fact, both lack argument. 专家们对这种新疗法争论不休。一些人对此表示支持。其他人则持反对意见。事实上，两者都缺乏论据。She argued for going to see a movie alone. Finally, her parents argued her out of going alone. So she invited Jane to go together. However, they argued with each other about/over which film to see. 她主张一个人去看电影。最后，她的父母劝她不要单独去。于是她邀请简一起去。然而，他们争论着要看哪部电影。53. arm /m/ n. 手臂，胳膊；支架；扶手；（复）武器；v. 武装起来【拓展】arm in arm 臂挽臂(地)，手挽手(地)with open arms 张开双臂；热情地；亲切地arm sb. with sth. 用某物武装某人armed a. 武装的, 带武器的be armed with武装有armchair n. 轮椅arms n. (军队的)武器army n. 军队；陆军 join the 参军【例句】Teachers must arm their students with wisdom. 老师必须用智慧武装学生。【串记】Much to our delight, the guards armed with guns received us with open arms!  Another good piece news is that the army will be armed with advanced arms. 令我们高兴的是，持枪的警卫们张开双臂迎接我们! 另一则好消息是军队将装备新武器。54. arrange /rend/ v. 安排，筹划；布置【拓展】(1)arrange for准备，安排arrange to do sth. 安排做某事arrange with sb.about(for)sth与(某人)商议(某事)(2)arrangement n. 安排，筹划；布置【例句】 Ive arranged to see them tomorrow morning我已安排好明早和他们见面。The teacher arranged for him to spend one day in the laboratory.老师安排他在实验室做了一天实验。Would you please arrange an appointment?  你能安排个约会吗?【串记】The manager arranges for me to test the application and I agree to the arrangement. 经理安排我对申请进行测试，我同意。55. arrive /'rav/ vi. 到达，到来【拓展】(1)arrive at 到达(小地方)；达成(协议)，得出(结论)arrive in 到达(大地方)(2)arrival n. 到达，到来on arrival到达cash on arrival货到付款arrival of an agreement得出一致意见【例句】We arrived at the station twenty minutes earlier我们提前20分钟到了本站。【串记】On arrival, the representatives began to discuss the issue but they failed to arrive at any agreement. 代表们一到达就开始讨论这个问题，但没有达成任何协议。【辨析】arrive/get to/reacharrive vi.需接介词in(接大地方)，at(接小地方)； reach vt. 到达；达到get to相当于reach，到达。 56. art /t/ n. 艺/美术；艺术品；(复) 文科【拓展】a master of arts 文科/学硕士artistic a. 艺术的；风雅的，有美感的artificial a. 人造/工的；矫揉造作的artist n. 艺术家，美术家(犹指国画的)article n. 文章；冠词；物品(同item)【例句】We like not only music but also art. 我们不但喜欢音乐，而且也喜欢美术。【串记】The artist, a master of arts, is not only good at drawing but also at writing articles. He is famous in the area of art and successful in many areas. 这位艺术家，一位文科硕士，不仅擅长绘画，而且擅长写文章。他在艺术领域很有名，在许多领域都很成功。57. as /æz; z/ conj. 当时；一边一边；随着；因为；虽然，尽管；按照；ad. 如同；prep. 作为，当做；pron. 正如(引导非限制性定语从句)【拓展】asas 与一样asadj.a/ann.as或asadj.n.(复数或不可数)as与一样as.as one can/couldas.as possible尽可能as for 关/至于(用于引起话题)as if/though 好像，似乎as long as只要as soon as一，就as to至于，关于as well也，另外as well as以及，又，既又as yet至今，到目前为止so as to以便【例句】I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do working with students.航海的乐趣与我现在和学生一起上课的乐趣一样多。She has as sweet a voice as her mother.她的声音像她妈妈的一样甜美。As for whether you should be changing your jobonly you can decide.  至于是否要改变你的工作，只有你才能作出决定。【串记】Young as she is, she is as able as her father. As she grows, she begins to control the firm on her own as she is the only child. As a girl, she has succeeded, as it is expected. 她虽然年轻，却和她父亲一样能干。随着她的成长，她开始自己控制公司，因为她是唯一的孩子。作为一个女孩，她成功了，这是意料之中的。58. ask /sk/ v. 问，询问；请/要求，邀请；索要【拓展】ask sbabout向(某人)打听(询问)ask (sb.)for sth. (向某人)要某物ask too much要求太过分，要价太高 ask for trouble自找苦吃，自找麻烦ask the way(price)问路(问价)ask sbto do sth请某人去做某事ask sbfor help请某人帮忙【例句】You should never ask about a salary during the first interview.  第一次面试的时候绝对不要问关于薪资的问题。【串记】If you ask your artist father for allowance or ask him to accompany you, you are asking for trouble. 如果你向你的艺术家父亲要零用钱或请他陪你，你是在自找麻烦。59. assess /'ses/ v. 评价/定；估算/价【拓展】assessment n. 评价/定；估算/价【例句】Some experts are arranged for to assess the effects of the disaster. 一些专家被安排去评估这场灾难的影响。【串记】A teachers assessment of a student has a great effect on his or her development. So it is difficult and important to assess a student. 教师对学生的评价对学生的发展有很大的影响。所以评估一个学生是困难而重要的。【形近区分】access 通道，进入，获取，使用；success成功；assess评估/价；possess拥有。60. assist /'sst/ v. 辅/协/援/帮助【拓展】assist sbwith sth用来帮助某人 assistance n. 辅/协/援/帮助assist sbto do sth(in doing sth)帮助某人做某事 assistant n. 助手/理/教【例句】Two students assisted me with the experiment两个学生帮助我做这实验。【串记】The tutor appreciates his assistants assistance. Later，the assistant was appointed as an assistant professor. 导师感谢/欣赏助理的帮助。后来，助理被任命为助理教授助理。【趁热打铁】一、语法填空。1. The announcement relieved the employees fear and  (anxious)2. I know everyone who is existing in this world now will  (appear) one day. 3. Don't be afraid to talk to the star. She is quite  (approach) indeed. 4. The artist, who has no other hobbies, appreciates (visit) art museums. 5. The artists of that period regard building, furniture as another kind of  (art) creation. 6. After all, one of the (advantage) of having artificial limbs(四肢) is that you can upgrade them. 7. The  (assess) took into consideration the average level of education and family income. 8. Our development needs the support and  (assist) of every customer. 9. A loyalty card can be fitted with an RFID tag(镭射识别标签) to identify customers on  (arrive). 10. My tutor always asks me (try) different approaches to a problem.二、单句改错。1. I do not agree to your approach of the matter. I dont think it is of use. _2. We will arrive at Shanghai on Friday evening and set off for Beijing the following morning. _