H-K-必备高频易错词汇学生版.docx

课程主题： 中考词汇手册（一）(H-K)授课时间：学习目标1.掌握H序列单词的词性转换，固定短语及重点考点2.掌握I序列单词的词性转换，固定短语及重点考点3.掌握J序列单词的词性转换，固定短语及重点考点4.掌握K序列单词的词性转换，固定短语及重点考点教学内容1.Look! There are two coats hanging over there, the blue one is the _(便宜).2. The cat is lying _ (舒适) under the tree with her eyes half-closed. 3. There are so many cars that I could hardly find _(某地)to park my car.4. Look at the two boys. They look _(完全地) the same. 5. At that time there was a major land bridge _(连接) Britain to mainland Europe. 6.-His son hardly got good result in the exams last term because of his answering questions _(care).-Really? I thought he was a top student.7.To get good grades in the exam, we should avoid _(care)·8. We hope that more _(China) will win honor for our country.9.You can take a _(close) look at the excellent drawings if you walk nearer.10.I think _(control) yourself properly helps make a man with good manners.11.Are you crazy? How do you _(胆敢 ) to do so?12.Quite a lot of teenagers have no idea how to _(处理) with stress.13.The boots on the floor are one of the _ (飞行员).14.Its said that many _(导演) telephone numbers are put on the Internet.15.When you try to get a good job, you will be at a big _(劣势) if you dont go to a good university.16.Are you satisfied with one of the _(dancing) performance in the opera?17.Thank you for helping us make such wise _(decide).18.Please walk _(deep) into the forest and you will feel the beauty.19.The fruit and vegetables are good for the health _(develop) of children.20.He didnt notice the _(different) between the two pictures though they are obvious.þ 多元导学：根据规律写出符合规律的一个词：uncertain uncomfortable _important impossible _incomplete indirect _ development movement _disagree dislike _ interesting pleasing _þ 互动精讲：知识点1. H序列单词【知识梳理1】had better 最好（可缩写为d better, 情态动词，无时态变化）【句型】had better do 最好做某事 had better not do 最好不要做某事【例句】Youd better finish your homework today.【例题精讲】你最好不要允许他在街上踢足球。 _【知识梳理2】hand n. 手【短语】hand in 上交 hand out 分发 by hand 手工的【例句】Please hand out the papers for me.【例题精讲】Im told _(hand) in homework on time is my duty.【知识梳理3】happen vi. 发生 没有被动语态【句型】happen to do 碰巧做某事 sth. happen to sb. 某人发生了某事【辨析】take place 计划性地发生 happen 是偶然发生【例句】What happened to him yesterday?【例题精讲】在过去的五年里我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。Great changes_.【知识梳理4】hard adj. 辛苦的，艰辛的 adv. 努力 【短语】hard work 困难的工作 a hard days work work hard 努力工作【 拓展】hard-working adj. 勤奋的，努力的【辨析】hardly adv. 几乎不【例句】Tom hardly plays computer games, does he?【知识梳理5】health n. 健康 【变形】healthy adj. 健康的 unhealthy adj. 不健康的 healthily adv. 健康地【考点】healthier adj. 更健康的 healthiest adj. 最健康的【例句】We should eat healthy food.【例题精讲】Eat some vegetables and fruit every day because they are _(health) food.【知识梳理6】hear v. 听【短语】hear of/about 听说 hear from 收到某人的来信+sb.【句型】hear sb. do sth. 经常听见某人做某事/听见某人做某事全过程hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事【例句】I often hear him play the piano. 我常常听见他弹钢琴。I heard him leave. 我听见他走了I heard him playing the piano when I passed the room. 当我经过房间时听到他在弹钢琴。【例题精讲】Tom was heard _(sing) next door at 10 oclock last night.【知识梳理7】heat n. 热量（不可数）【变形】hot adj. 热的【例句】We can get lots of heat from the sun.【例题精讲】I think “Duang” is one of the _(hot) words on the Internet this year.【知识梳理8】high adj. 高的【变形】height n. 高度 highly adv. 高度地【辨析】high adv. 高地（形象上的） fly high jump highhighly adv. 高度地（抽象的） think/speak highly of 对高度评价【例句】Whats the height of sth? = How tall be sth?【例题精讲】1.The CN Tower in Canada is 1.815 feet in _(高). 2.The weather is very nice. It's _( high) possible that I'll go walking outside.【知识梳理9】help vt./n. 帮助【句型】help sb. (to) do sth. help sb. with sth.need help with sth. 需要某方面的帮助 with the help of 在的帮助下【变形】helpful adj. 有帮助的，乐于助人的 helpless adj. 无助的【考点】-ful: hopeful useful helpful careful cheerful forgetful meaningful colourful harmful-less: hopeless useless helpless careless homeless sleepless meaningless endless harmless【例题精讲】1.You neednt be frightened because these insects are completely _(harm).2.With no close friend to talk with, she often feels lonely and _(help).3.-Can fruit juice be _(harm) to childrens teeth? -Yes. After drinking that, it is better to have more water.【知识梳理10】hold vt. 握住 hold-held-held【短语】hold on 别挂断【拓展】vt. 举行(有被动) hold a meeting 【例句】We will hold a meeting this Sunday.【例题精讲】1.The Greens _(hold) a birthday party next week, arent they?2.-Hello, could I take up your several minutes to talk about .? -Sorry, I must open the door. Can you _(不挂断)? 【知识梳理11】hope vt. 希望【短语】hope to do 希望做某事 hope for sth. 希望. hope for success希望成功【句型】 hope + that从句(从句一般用将来时)【辨析】wish: wish sb. to do (hope没有这个用法) wish +从句表示不太容易实现的愿望，用虚拟语气【考点】hopeless adj. 绝望的 hopeful adj. 有希望的 hopefully adv. 有希望地【例句】I hope you can come to my birthday tomorrow.【例题精讲】He thought it was _(hope) to get the project done. He gave it up.【知识梳理12】honest adj. 诚实的【短语】an honest boy 【反义词】dishonest 不诚实的【短语】to be honest 老实说，一般放在开头做独立短语【例句】To be honest, I dont believe you.【例题精讲】You cant believe what he said because he is a _(诚实) boy.【知识梳理13】however adv. 然而【考点】置于开头，后加“，”【辨析】therefore 因此 moreover 此外 otherwise 否则 anyway 无论如何，不管怎样【知识梳理14】humorous adj. 幽默的【变形】humour n. 幽默 have a sense of humour 有幽默感【例句】Tom has a good sense of humour.【知识梳理15】hundred/million/thousand 【考点】1.数字+单数 five hundred workers 五百个工人2.复数+of hundreds of people 成百上千的人3.数字+单数+of + the 复数/代词宾格 five hundred of the workers 工人中的五百个【例句】Thousands of people lost their lives because of the earthquake.【例题精讲】For perhaps the _(hundred) time, I tried to think like Albert Einstein.【知识梳理16】hurry vi. &n. 急忙，匆忙【短语】hurry to do 急急忙忙做某事 hurry to sp. 急急忙忙去某地 Hurry up! 快点【句型】do sth. in a hurry=be in a hurry to do 急急忙忙做某事【变形】hurried adj. 急急忙忙的 be hurried to do【例句】I hurried to catch the bus because I got up late today.【例题精讲】When something _(担忧) me, I always went to my parents.知识点2.I序列单词【知识梳理1】if conj. 如果（引导条件状语从句，时态主将从现）【辨析1】unless 除非 = if not conj. 是否（引导宾语从句，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态）【辨析2】whether （可以加选择疑问句，if只能加一般疑问句）【例句】I dont know whether he will come or not. (不能用if)【例题精讲】I dont know if he _ come tomorrow. If he _, I will call you.A.will come; will come B.will come; comesC.comes; comes D.comes; will come【知识梳理2】ill adj. 生病的【变形】illness n. 疾病 worse 比较级 worst 最高级【辨析】ill和sick ill只能做表语，放在系动词后面 sick可以做定语，放在名词前【例句】My father is a doctor, he helps sick people.【例题精讲】1.The old man died of _(ill).2.-Are you feeling better now? -No, I feel even _(ill).【知识梳理3】imagine vt. 想象，设想【短语】imagine doing 想象做某事 【变形】imagination n. 想象力【例句】You cant imagine what our life will be like without water.【例题精讲】1.You can not _(想象) how much difficulty I had communicating with such a person.2.With the development of modern science and technology, its not hard for us to _(设想) the life on the moon.【知识梳理4】important adj. 重要的【变形】importance n. 重要性 the importance of .的重要性 unimportant adj. 不重要的【例句】Computers are of great importance to us.【例题精讲】You neednt know this because it is _(重要) to you.【知识梳理5】impress vt. 给留下印象【短语】impress sb. deeply 【变形】impression n. 印象 give sb. a deep impression【例句】Wu wei impressed the whole country with his creative work.【例题精讲】I was _(印象) deeply by what he said yesterday.【知识梳理6】in fact 事实上【短语】in general 总的来说 in all 总计 in hospital 住院 in order to 以便于 in fear of ones life 为生命担忧 in your dreams 你做梦【例句】In general, he is a good teacher.【知识梳理7】increase n. 增加 vi. 增加（数量上，人口，产量） 【短语】a rapid increase in population 人口的迅速增加 increase rapidly 迅速增长【例句】China has had a rapid increase in population since 1949.【例题精讲】Wide reading _(增加) your knowledge of new words.【知识梳理8】influence vt. 影响 n. 影响 【短语】 influence sb. 影响某人have an influence on. 对.有影响【例句】Smoking has a bad influence on your health.【例题精讲】You cant shout in the Reading Room, for it will _(影响) other people.【知识梳理9】instead adv. 反而，却【短语】instead of 而不是，代替【例句】Instead, he likes it very much.We can take a taxi instead. (改做某事 do sth.instead)We will go to the library instead of the park.We will go swimming instead of going running.【例题精讲】18岁以下的孩子应该去上学而不是挣钱养家。 _【知识梳理10】instruction n. 指示，说明（可数）【例句】Read the instructions carefully before you take this medicine.【例题精讲】-How can you make the model plane so perfect? -Just follow the _.A.instruments B.instructions C.introductions D.productions【知识梳理11】interest n. 令人感兴趣的事，兴趣【短语】places of interest 名胜古迹 【变形】interesting adj. 有趣的 interested adj. 感兴趣的 【句型】have/show a great interest in 对很感兴趣 be interested in. 对.感兴趣【例句】Little Tom shows a great interest in painting when he was 10 years old.【例题精讲】It was closing time, but the _(interest) tourists were still unwilling to leave. 【知识梳理12】interview n. 面试，采访 vt. 采访 【句型】have an interview with sb. 采访某人 interview sb. 采访某人【变形】interviewer n. 采访者【例句】President Xi was interviewed by the foreign reporters last week.【例题精讲】1.She hopes to have _(采访) with these famous artists in May.2.-I called you this morning, but nobody answered me. - I _(采访) a famous singer.【知识梳理13】introduce vt. 介绍【短语】introduce sb. to sb. 把介绍给【变形】introduction n. 介绍【例句】I will introduce you to my best friend.【例题精讲】The _(引进) of the foreign culture opens up a whole new world for us.【知识梳理14】invent vt. 发明【变形】inventor n. 发明家 invention n. 发明【例句】There were four famous inventions in the history of China, Paper was one of them.【例题精讲】1.Papermaking, the compass, gunpowder and printing are four _(发明) that are celebrated in Chinese culture.2.Many people think the Apple logo is one of the greatest _(创意) of the 21st century.3.American _(发明家) Thomas Edison began making short action pictures at the beginning of the 20th century.【知识梳理15】invite vt. 邀请【句型】invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地【变形】invitation n. invitation letter 邀请函【例句】Will you invite Lucy to your party?【例题精讲】I wont go to Toms birthday unless I _(邀请).知识点3.J序列单词【知识梳理1】join vt. 加入 【短语】join us join the club （加入团体组织，人）【句型】join sb in (doing) sth 加入某人一起做某事【考点】长动作：be in be a member of【辨析】take part in 参加活动，比赛 attend 强调出席会议，上学，上课【例句】Would you like to join us in planting trees this Sunday?【例题精讲】你能告诉我宋先生加入排球俱乐部多久了吗？Could you tell me _?【知识梳理2】journey n. 旅程，旅行【例句】Journey to the West is my favourite story. 西游记是我最喜欢的故事。【知识梳理3】just adv. 刚才（现在完成时标志词） adv. 仅仅，只【辨析】just now 刚才（一般过去时标志词）【例句】He has just finished his homework. He came here just now.【例题精讲】-Why do you come here today, Jane? -_(仅仅) for fun.知识点4.K序列单词【知识梳理1】keep lv. 保持 vt. 保守，保存【短语】keep . in order keep silent keep off 避开 keep . away from 使远离 keep a secret keep in touch 保持联系 keep . to oneself 把藏在心中 【句型】 keep (on) doing 一直做某事 keep sb. doing 让某人一直做某事 keep sb./sth. adj. 让某人/物. keep sb. from doing 阻止某人做某事keep sb. from sth. 保护.；使.免受【例句】Wearing sunglasses can keep our eyes from the sun. 【例题精讲】 People should _(keep) pouring polluted water into the river.【知识梳理2】knock vt. 敲，撞【短语】knock on(at) the door knock into sb. 撞上某人 know over sth. 撞翻某物【句型】knock sth. off (the desk) 把从撞下来 【例句】Tom knocked my pens off the desk when he walk past my desk.【例题精讲】-Someone _(敲) the door, go ans see who it is? -It must be the milkman. þ 课堂检测：一、 单项选择：1.You dont know _ I want to see you again. Its a year since I last saw you.A. how soon B. how long C. how often D . how much2.We want to know _ he will come back, as we are worried about his safety.A. how often B. how soon C. how much D. how long3.- _will the discussion last? -_we reach an agreement.A. How long; Not until B.When; Not until C. How long; Until D.When; Until4.-_ is it since you left your primary school? -Three years.A. How old B. How long C. How far D. How soon5.The coach thinks _ of Marys sports talents, for she jumped very _ at the sports meeting.A. high; high B. highly; highly C. high; highly D. highly; high6.When reading, _stopping and looking them up, just guess the meanings of the new words.A. instead of B. rather than C. such as D. for example 7.Its a fantastic place to visit. _, not all of us will have time to go there .A. However B. Therefore C. Anyway