07中考英语阅读技能训练主旨题之structure解题方法及练习 巩固篇（3页 含答案）.docx

中考英语阅读主旨题解题方法及练习主旨题的考察方法主要有以下三种1. best title 通常问法:Whats the best title of the passage?The best tile for the passage is_.2. main idea通常问法:Whats the main idea of the passage?The main idea of the passage is _What does the passage mainly talk about?3. structure通常问法:Whats the structure of the passage?Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?What is the structure of the writing?4. main purpose通常问法:Whats the main purpose of the passage?The writer writes the passage in order to_Structure对于structure 题来说，要做对这类题，通常会出这类题的阅读题基本上都会有相对清晰的框架，因此可以找每篇文章中的段与段之间的关联词，这类关联词有可能是first, second, third之类的，或者是文章的主题词，每一段都有，每一段都讲了该词相关的内容，此类的关联等等。基本上框架题可以定位为总分总，分总，总分三种结构，因此找到主题段非常重要。阅读理解 278 level 6.0Cold weather has a great effect on how our minds and our bodies work. Maybe that is why there are so many expressions that use the word “cold”.For example, people who show no human emotions or feelings are said to be cold-blooded. Cold can affect other parts of the body. But the expression “get cold feet” has nothing to do with cold or your feet. The expression means being afraid to do something you have decided to do. For example, you agree to be CEO of a company. But then you learn that all the other officers have resigned(辞职), and all the work of the company will be your responsibility. You are likely to get cold feet about being CEO when you understand the situation.The expression “give someone the cold shoulder” probably comes from the physical act of turning your back toward someone, instead of speaking to him face to face. You may give the cold shoulder to a friend who has not kept a promise he made to you, or to someone who has lied about you to others. “A cold fish” is not a fish. It is a person. But it is a person who is unemotional and shows no love or warmth. A cold fish does not offer much of himself to anyone. Someone who is a cold fish could be cold-hearted. He or she will never feel sorry for those in bad situation.“Out in the cold” means not getting something that everybody else got. A person might say that everybody but him got a pay raise-he was left out in the cold. And it is not a pleasant place to be.4. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?(P=paragraph)A. B. C. D. 【解析】根据文章结构，第一段讲的是有很多关于cold的短语，接下去2，3，4，5段均是与cold有关的短语，因此整篇文章为总分结构，所以选B例2: 字数: 287 篇章难度: level 8.4Many of the habits we keep with us throughout our lives are learned in childhood. For parents, this means its important to encourage children to be physically active because physical activities help promote healthy growth and build strong bones. Then what should parents do?Even though children often have lots of energy, they are not patient enough. Children get the most benefit from physical activities when adults help them discover the fun of them. Physical activities for children should change frequently enough so that children wont find them boring. If taking children on a walk or bicycle ride, change the route to give the kids something to look forward to.Children learn many habits from their parents. If they see you enjoying exercise, theyll learn to regard it as a healthy a fun part of the day. If, however, children see their parents spending their evenings and weekends in front of TV or sitting at a computer, theyll learn to see this as normal and imitate their habits, even without knowing it.For many adults, spending too much time in a car rather than walking or bicycling leads to poor health. The same is true for children. Walking or cycling to school or friends houses is a good way for children to get exercise, have fun and learn independence. If you worry about children walking or biking alone, why not join them?As a parent, you dont have to go it alone in helping kids stay active. Other parents can help to organize active play for children, while school and community groups organize sports teams, sports clubs, dance classes and other physical activities. Raising healthy kids can be easier and more rewarding when its a team effort.5. Which of the following shows the structure of the whole passage?【解析】根据文章结构，第一段提出了疑问what should parents do? 2，3，4回答了该问题，而最后一段做了总结，作为父母，不需要单独帮助孩子活泼，最后一句说养健康的孩子可以更容易，更具激励，所以整个篇章为总分总结构，所以选B练习1: 字数: 292 篇章难度: level 5.4The weather has always been much talked about in our daily life. But bad weather is sometimes hard to stop, no matter who he is-rich, or poor, young or old-in every part of the world. Maybe thats why there are so many expressions about the weather, especially about rain.Sometimes, when you need rain, you do not get any. Other times, you get rain when you dont want it. Take a football game for example. A sudden heavy rain can stop a wonderful game, making the players and the 20,000 persons watching the game run for cover. If the game cant go on, people who have bought the tickets are given “rain checks”. There are special tickets that will let them watch a later game for free.“Rain checks” now means a second chance at something. Often, a rain check has nothing to do with rain.Shops may give you a “rain check” when they sell something all out-a TV set, for example-at a special low price. After all the TV sets are gone, the shop gives rain checks to those who wanted to buy one. The rain check lets a person have another chance to buy the TV set later, at the same low price, after the shop receives some more from the factory.“Rain check” is also used in our daily life. Its a way of accepting invitation, but for a later time. You many ask for a “rain check” if you are asked to a friends house for dinner, but cant be there. You say, “I would love to join you for dinner, but Im busy. Could I have a rain check?” You are asking, in other words, if you could join your friend for dinner for another time.4. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? (P=paragraph)练习2: 字数: 298 篇章难度: level 6.9As you grow older, youll be faced with some challenging decisionslike whether to cut class or try cigarettes. Making decisions on your own is hard enough, but when other people get involved and try to pressure you one way or another it can be even harder. People who are your age, like your classmates, are called peers. When they try to influence how you act, to get you to do something, its called peer pressure.Peers can have a positive influence on each other. Maybe another student in your science class taught you an easy way to remember the planets in the solar system. Maybe you got others excited about your new favorite book, and now everyones reading it. These are examples of how peers positively influence each other.Sometimes peers influence each other in negative ways. For example, a few kids in school might try to get you to cut class with them; your soccer friend might try to convince you to be mean to another player and never pass him the ball.It is tough to be the only one who says “no” to peer pressure, but you can do it. Paying attention to your own feelings and beliefs about what is right and wrong can help you know the right thing to do.Youve probably had a parent or teacher advising you to “choose your friends wisely.” Peer pressure is a big reason why they say this. If you choose friends who dont cut class, smoke cigarettes, or lie to their parents, then you probably wont do these things either, even if other kids do.If you continue to face peer pressure and youre finding it difficult to handle, talk to someone you trust. Dont feel guilty if youve made a mistake or two.3. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? (p=paragraph)【参考答案】练习1-2. CA