初中英语人教新目标七年级下册Unit4Grammar预习指导（知识点+练习题）.doc

七年级英语下册 Unit4Grammar预习指导一、知识点一、语法（一）祈使句：用于表达命令、请求、警告、禁止，常常在句首或句尾加please肯定祈使句结构：（1）动词原形 ( + 宾语) + 其它（2）Be动词 + 表语(名词/形容词) + 其它（3）Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它Eg: Hurry up, please. 请快点！Be careful, please. 请当心！Lets play together. 让我们一起玩吧！否定祈使句：Dont + 动词原形 + 其它.No + 名词/动词ing.Eg: Dont be late. 别迟到。No photos. 禁止拍照。No smoking. 禁止吸烟。（二）情态动词情态动词表示说话人对所说动作的观点，如需要、可能、意愿、怀疑等。情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化，有些形容词没有时态的变化。情态动词本身有词义，但不能 单独使用，后面必须加动词原形。1.Can(1)表能力：He can speak English. “他会说英语。”(2)表许可： You can play for an hour. “你可以玩一个小时。”(3)表请求： Can you help me? “你能帮我吗？”2.May(1)表许可，比can更委婉：May I have a look? “我可以看一看吗？”(2)表可能性，意为“也许”：I may be late. “我也许迟到了。”3.Must 说话人主观意愿，其否定形式mustnt表示“禁止；不准”表必须：You must finish work in two hours. “两个小时后你必须完成工作。”注意：用must开头的一般疑问句，其否定回答用needntEg: - Must I finish my homework now? “我必须现在完成我的工作吗？”- No, you neednt. “不，你不需要。”4.Have to 强调客观的需要，其否定形式dont have to表示“不必”表示“不得不；必须”知识讲解1.dream (名词) 梦寐以求的人或事 Eg: Thats my dream school.那是我梦寐以求的学校。dream “梦；梦想” Eg: My dream is to be a pilot.我的梦想是成为一名飞行员。(动词) 梦到；梦想 常见搭配：dream of/ about “梦见 ”后接名词、代词或动名词Eg: I dream of/ about flying in space.我梦见飞到太空中。二、写作本单元写作话题为“学校或家庭的规章制度”。（一）常见短语：1.The rules of school 校规2.Follow the rules 遵守规则3.Keep quiet 保持安静4.On time 按时5.Be late for 迟到.6.Listen to . 听.7.Have to 不得不8.Fight with. 和.打架（二）常见句式：1.There are too many rules in my family/school.2.I/ We cant .3.I/ We must .4.I/ We have to .5.I think its .（三）写作方法：可按照“总分总”结构总：直接引出话题，交代要写的规章制度。分：分别介绍规章制度，应该做的和不应该做的事情。总：发表对规章制度的看法。范文：Hello, everyone.Today I will tell you some class rules in my class.There are many rules in our class.First, we cant arrive late for class.We must be on time for every class.Second, we cant eat in the classroom because we must keep the classroom clean.Third, we cant listen to music in class, but we can listen to it after class.Fourth, we cant run in the hallways or the classroom, either.Last, when we meet our teachers on the way, we should say hello to them.I think most of the rules are good for us, which can help us a lot.But some of them are too strict, so we must follow the rules.二、练习题一、用所给词的适当形式填空1._ (not eat) in class.2.We must _ (be) careful when we cross the street.3.Its important for us _ (learn) English carefully.4.No _ (swim) in the river.5._ (listen) to the teacher carefully.二、单项选择( )1.Jim, _ fight with your elder brother.A.doesnt B.dont C.not D.no( )2.The park is far away.We _ take the subway to the park.A.must B.can C.has to D.have to( )3.- Dont make noise in the library.- _A.Yes, I can B.No, I cant C.Yes, I know D.Sorry, I wont( )4.- Must you do the dishes now?- No, I _.But I want to do it now.A.cant B.mustnt C.dont D.neednt( )5.Dont go out _ school night.A.at B.on C.in D.by三、句型转换1.Dont arrive late for school.(改为同义句)_ _ _ _ _ _.2.You must listen to the teacher carefully.(改为同义句)_ _ _ _ _.3.Be noisy in the library.(改为否定句)_ _ _ in the library.4.They have to wear a uniform.(改为否定句)They _ _ _ wear a uniform.5.保持健康很重要。（汉译英）Its very important _ _ _.四、任务型阅读Beijing No.6 Middle School RulesYou mustYou mustntLook clean and tidyBring radios or CD players to schoolBe quiet in the libraryRun or shout in the school buildingsStay in the playground at break timeTalk loudly in the hallwaysBring a letter from your parents if youre ill (生病)Leave school at break time or at lunch timeStand up when a teacher comes into the classroomFightArrive at school by half past sevenWear jeans or slippers (拖鞋)Hand in your homework on timeEar or drink in the classroom1.Can you leave school at lunch time?_2.What must you do when your teacher comes into your classroom?_3.What do the school rules say about fighting?_4.How do you think of the rule “Mustnt eat or drink in the classroom”? And why?_五、写作根据下面提示写一篇60词左右的短文。Tom正和他的一个朋友Jim谈论他所在学校。Tom很不喜欢这所学校，原因是这所学校的规章制度太多。要求：1.保持安静 2.不准吃零食 3.不准乱扔垃圾 4.不准打闹 5.按时上课 6.做好课前准备附：参考答案一、1.Don't eat 2.be 3.to learn 4.swimming 5.Listen二、1 - 5 BDDDB三、1.You mustn't arrive late for school.2.Listen to the teacher carefully.3.Don't be noisy4.don't have to5.to keep healthy四、1.No, we can't.2.We must stand up.3.Don't fight.4.I think it's OK.Because the classroom is for study./ I think it's too strict and terrible.五、Tom is talking about his school with his friend Jim.Tom tells Jim he doesn't like this school very much, because there are too many school rules for us.1.Keep quiet in the classroom, please.2.Don't eat snacks in the classroom, or it will make our classroom dirty.3.Don't throw around.4.Don't fight and chase after each other in the classroom.Of course, you can't make any noise.5.Please arrive at the class on time.Don't be late, or our teachers will be unhappy.6.Get ready before the class.Don't look for anything after the class begins.If we break any one of them, we will be punished.5