原版英语RAZ 教案Marie Curie_DS.pdf
WritingHow would our world be different without the work of Marie Curie?Write an essay highlighting her achievements and their impact on our world today.Social Studies Research another woman who has won a Nobel Prize in science.Create a poster for your class,including biographical information about the scientist and her impact on science.ConnectionsVisit www.readinga- for thousands of books and materials.Marie CurieA Reading AZ Level Y Leveled BookWord Count:1,545www.readinga-Written by Kira FreedVYZ1Marie CurieLEVELED BOOK Ywww.readinga-Written by Kira FreedMarie CurieWho was Marie Curie,and how did she change the world of science?Focus QuestionCorrelationLEVEL YT4040Fountas&PinnellReading RecoveryDRAMarie CurieLevel Y Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Kira FreedAll rights reserved.www.readinga-anemiabreakthroughscommissiondoctorateelectrometerelementNobel PrizenominatedperseverancephysicsSorbonneX-raysWords to KnowPhoto Credits:Front cover:Marie Curie/Bridgeman Images;back cover,page 9:alhovik/123RF;title page,page 3:Portrait of Marie Curie,French School,Private Collection/Archives Charmet/Bridgeman Images;page 4:Photo Researchers/Alamy Stock Photo;page 5:Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group/REX Shutterstock;page 6:Leemage/Corbis;page 7:Heritage Images/Corbis;page 10:Library of Congress-digital ve/Science Faction/Corbis;page 11:Mary Evans Picture Library/The Image Works;page 12:Pictorial Press Ltd/Alamy Stock Photo;page 14:Library of Congress-digital ve/Science Faction/Corbis;page 15:Hulton-Deutsch Collection/Corbis15Gifts to the WorldMarie Curies work caused a revolution in scientific understanding about the nature of atoms and opened up new frontiers in medicine.It also led to the discovery of radiocarbon dating,a way to determine the age of ancient life forms.Marie showed that careful,purposeful scientific investigation can yield extraordinary breakthroughs.As amazing as Marie Curies scientific contributions were,her legacy went beyond them.Even as she faced one obstacle after another,she stayed clear about her purpose and gave the world an inspiring model.In her words:“Life is not easy for any of us.But what of that?We must have perseverance and above all confidence in ourselves.We must believe that we are gifted for something and that this thing must be attained.”Marie Curie Level Y16Glossaryanemia(n.)a condition in which there are too few red blood cells(p.14)breakthroughs important events or advances (n.)in knowledge(p.6)commission(n.)a task or project that someone requests or authorizes(p.7)doctorate(n.)the highest degree a university can award;a Ph.D.(p.7)electrometer a device used to detect and measure(n.)differences in electric currents(p.8)element(n.)a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances and is made up of only one kind of atom(p.8)Nobel Prize(n.)one of six prizes awarded each year for work in chemistry,economics,literature,medicine,or physics,or for advancing the cause of world peace(p.4)nominated(v.)named as a candidate for a job,award,or position(p.10)perseverance the quality of staying determined (n.)and committed despite challenge or delay(p.15)physics(n.)the scientific study of matter,motion,and energy(p.5)Sorbonne(n.)a university in Paris,France,famous for its high academic standards(p.6)X-rays(n.)invisible energy that can go through many solid substances(p.8)www.readinga-Written by Kira FreedMarie CurieWho was Marie Curie,and how did she change the world of science?Focus QuestionCorrelationLEVEL YT4040Fountas&PinnellReading RecoveryDRAMarie CurieLevel Y Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Kira FreedAll rights reserved.www.readinga-anemiabreakthroughscommissiondoctorateelectrometerelementNobel PrizenominatedperseverancephysicsSorbonneX-raysWords to KnowPhoto Credits:Front cover:Marie Curie/Bridgeman Images;back cover,page 9:alhovik/123RF;title page,page 3:Portrait of Marie Curie,French School,Private Collection/Archives Charmet/Bridgeman Images;page 4:Photo Researchers/Alamy Stock Photo;page 5:Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group/REX Shutterstock;page 6:Leemage/Corbis;page 7:Heritage Images/Corbis;page 10:Library of Congress-digital ve/Science Faction/Corbis;page 11:Mary Evans Picture Library/The Image Works;page 12:Pictorial Press Ltd/Alamy Stock Photo;page 14:Library of Congress-digital ve/Science Faction/Corbis;page 15:Hulton-Deutsch Collection/Corbis15Gifts to the WorldMarie Curies work caused a revolution in scientific understanding about the nature of atoms and opened up new frontiers in medicine.It also led to the discovery of radiocarbon dating,a way to determine the age of ancient life forms.Marie showed that careful,purposeful scientific investigation can yield extraordinary breakthroughs.As amazing as Marie Curies scientific contributions were,her legacy went beyond them.Even as she faced one obstacle after another,she stayed clear about her purpose and gave the world an inspiring model.In her words:“Life is not easy for any of us.But what of that?We must have perseverance and above all confidence in ourselves.We must believe that we are gifted for something and that this thing must be attained.”Marie Curie Level Y16Glossaryanemia(n.)a condition in which there are too few red blood cells(p.14)breakthroughs important events or advances (n.)in knowledge(p.6)commission(n.)a task or project that someone requests or authorizes(p.7)doctorate(n.)the highest degree a university can award;a Ph.D.(p.7)electrometer a device used to detect and measure(n.)differences in electric currents(p.8)element(n.)a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances and is made up of only one kind of atom(p.8)Nobel Prize(n.)one of six prizes awarded each year for work in chemistry,economics,literature,medicine,or physics,or for advancing the cause of world peace(p.4)nominated(v.)named as a candidate for a job,award,or position(p.10)perseverance the quality of staying determined (n.)and committed despite challenge or delay(p.15)physics(n.)the scientific study of matter,motion,and energy(p.5)Sorbonne(n.)a university in Paris,France,famous for its high academic standards(p.6)X-rays(n.)invisible energy that can go through many solid substances(p.8)13On the BattlefrontWorld War I broke out in late July 1914,and Germany invaded France just a few days later.Most of Maries staff left to fight in the war,and resources for scientific research were lacking.Marie looked for ways to put her science to work to help the war effort.She made portable X-ray machines available in the field for treating wounded soldiers.Throwing herself into her new project,Marie convinced wealthy people to donate their cars.She set up twenty mobile X-ray stations and two hundred fixed stations.She also learned how to use X-ray equipment and taught herself to drive so she could operate the portable X-ray machines herself.1867 Born in Warsaw,Poland,November 71883 Graduates high school1891 Moves to Paris1893 Earns masters degree in physics1894 Earns masters degree in math1895 Marries Pierre Curie1897 Studies Becquerel rays;daughter Irene is born1898 Discovers polonium and radium1903 Earns doctorate in physics;awarded Nobel Prize in Physics1904 Daughter Eve is born1906 Pierre dies;becomes Sorbonnes first female professor1911 Awarded Nobel Prize in Chemistry1914 Uses portable X-ray machines in World War I1918 World War I ends;opens Radium Institute1934 Dies on July 4Timeline of Marie Curies LifeMarie Curie Level Y14Later LifeAfter World War I ended,Marie worked tirelessly and successfully to turn the Sorbonnes Radium Institute into a world-class center for research on radioactivity.Maries daughter Irene and her husband were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1935.Sadly,Marie didnt live long enough to celebrate that achievement.We now know that radioactive substances are very dangerous,but that was not known during Maries life.She died at age sixty-six on July 4,1934,from a type of anemia that is often caused by long-term radiation exposure.Marie was buried next to Pierre.In 1995,their remains were moved to the Panthon in Paris,where Frances most brilliant citizens are buried.Marie was the first and only woman to be buried there for her own achievements.Marie Curie(center)traveled by ship to New York to tour the United States with her daughters Irene and Eve in 1921.3Table of ContentsTrailblazer .4Early Years .5Patience and Preparation .6Paris at Last .7Two Types of Rays .8Achievements and Recognition .10Dark Times and More Acclaim .12On the Battlefront .13Later Life .14Gifts to the World .15Glossary .16Marie Curie Level Y4TrailblazerAt a time when few women were scientists,one womans research and discoveries changed the world.She left her homeland to study science and math at a leading university.She followed her scientific interests even though the world seemed to block her way at every turn.She became the first female Nobel Prize recipient and the only person ever awarded Nobel Prizes in two different scientific fields.This groundbreaking scientist was Marie Curie.Marie Curies laboratory was packed with scientific instruments,some of which were invented by her husband,Pierre,and his brother,Jacques.3Table of ContentsTrailblazer .4Early Years .5Patience and Preparation .6Paris at Last .7Two Types of Rays .8Achievements and Recognition .10Dark Times and More Acclaim .12On the Battlefront .13Later Life .14Gifts to the World .15Glossary .16Marie Curie Level Y4TrailblazerAt a time when few women were scientists,one womans research and discoveries changed the world.She left her homeland to study science and math at a leading university.She followed her scientific interests even though the world seemed to block her way at every turn.She became the first female Nobel Prize recipient and the only person ever awarded Nobel Prizes in two different scientific fields.This groundbreaking scientist was Marie Curie.Marie Curies laboratory was packed with scientific instruments,some of which were invented by her husband,Pierre,and his brother,Jacques.13On the BattlefrontWorld War I broke out in late July 1914,and Germany invaded France just a few days later.Most of Maries staff left to fight in the war,and resources for scientific research were lacking.Marie looked for ways to put her science to work to help the war effort.She made portable X-ray machines available in the field for treating wounded soldiers.Throwing herself into her new project,Marie convinced wealthy people to donate their cars.She set up twenty mobile X-ray stations and two hundred fixed stations.She also learned how to use X-ray equipment and taught herself to drive so she could operate the portable X-ray machines herself.1867 Born in Warsaw,Poland,November 71883 Graduates high school1891 Moves to Paris1893 Earns masters degree in physics1894 Earns masters degree in math1895 Marries Pierre Curie1897 Studies Becquerel rays;daughter Irene is born1898 Discovers polonium and radium1903 Earns doctorate in physics;awarded Nobel Prize in Physics1904 Daughter Eve is born1906 Pierre dies;becomes Sorbonnes first female professor1911 Awarded Nobel Prize in Chemistry1914 Uses portable X-ray machines in World War I1918 World War I ends;opens Radium Institute1934 Dies on July 4Timeline of Marie Curies LifeMarie Curie Level Y14Later LifeAfter World War I ended,Marie worked tirelessly and successfully to turn the Sorbonnes Radium Institute into a world-class center for research on radioactivity.Maries daughter Irene and her husband were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1935.Sadly,Marie didnt live long enough to celebrate that achievement.We now know that radioactive substances are very dangerous,but that was not known during Maries life.She died at age sixty-six on July 4,1934,from a type of anemia that is often caused by long-term radiation exposure.Marie was buried next to Pierre.In 1995,their remains were moved to the Panthon in Paris,where Frances most brilliant citizens are buried.Marie was the first and only woman to be buried there for her own achievements.Marie Curie(center)traveled by ship to New York to tour the United States with her daughters Irene and Eve in 1921.11Maries name was then added to the list of nominees.She and Pierre won together,along with Becquerel,in December 1903.The award,which recognized their pioneering work on radiation,was the first Nobel Prize awarded to a woman.The Curies instantly became famous around the world.Pierre received a promotion to professor at the Sorbonne,and Marie received a salary and became chief of laboratory.She was excited by the attention and new responsibilities.In addition to her research and a teaching position,she enjoyed explaining her discoveries to the public.The Curies had a second daughter,Eve,in 1904.Around the same time,the Sorbonne gave the Curies a new laboratory to work in.Marie and Pierre worked closely together for many years.Marie Curie Level Y12Dark Times and More AcclaimThe Curies were riding high on their successes when tragedy struck.In 1906,Pierre was run over by a horse-drawn wagon and killed instantly.News of his death spread around the world.Marie was completely numb with shock but eventually found the will to go on.She was offered Pierres teaching position as Professor of General Physics at the Sorbonne.She was the first woman to become a Sorbonne professor.Marie was awarded a second Nobel Prize,this time in chemistry,in 1911.She won the award for her work in radioactivity and her discovery of radium and polonium.Marie was the first scientist to be awarded two Nobel Prizes.To this day,she is the only person to be awarded prizes in two different areas of science.The Curies finally moved to a laboratory with more space in 1904.5Early YearsMarie Curie was born Maria Sklodowska on November 7,1867,in Warsaw,Poland.She was called Manya as a child.Manya was the youngest of five children.Their father taught math and physics at a boys high school.When Manya was born,Poland was not an independent country.The area where Manyas family lived was ruled by the Russian Empire,which tried to put an end to Polish patriotism.Loyalty to Poland put peoples lives in danger.Manyas father lost his job in 1873 because of his support for Polish independence.In 1876,Manyas oldest sister died.Manyas mother died two years later,when Manya was ten.Manya was a bright,curious child and an outstanding student.She earned top honors when she graduated from high school at age fifteen in 1883.Marie Curie(center)sits for a photograph with her brother and sisters(left to right)Zosia,Hela,Joseph,and Bronya.Marie Curie Level Y6Patience and PreparationManya and her sister Bronya wanted to continue their studies,but women could not attend the University of Warsaw.They would need to leave Poland but did not have enough money.Instead,the sisters attended Warsaws“floating university”free education offered in secret by Polish teachers.Although the classes were no match for the finest European universi
