小学英语自然拼读全.docx

小学英语自然拼读名校内部资料1众所周知，我们汉字的最大规律是：偏旁部首。同理，英语 单词也是有规律的，那就是：自然拼读。英语是字母文字, 所有的单词都是由26个字母拼出来的，而在成千上万的不 同拼法中，基本发音音素却只有48个,这说明26个字母与 基本音素间是关联的。所以，英语国家的孩子，记单词不是靠背，而是靠拼 读，这就是所谓的“自然拼读"法。自然拼读法，又称塞 语自然拼读法，自然拼读法是目前国际主流的英语教学法, 它不仅是以英语为母语国家的孩子学习英语读音与拼字，增 进阅读能力与理解力的教学法，更是以英语为第二语言的英 语初学者学习发音规则与拼读技巧的教学方法。英语自然拼读法通过直接学习26个字母及字母组合在单 词中的发音规则，建立字母及字母组合与发音的感知，让学 生在轻松愉快的氛围中，了解和学习英语字母和字母组合的 奥妙，掌握英语拼读规律，从而达到:见词能读，听音能写的 神奇效果。自然拼读法主要包括两部分：一 26个字母发音规律（分为开音节和闭音节两种）。二字母组合的发音规律（主要shr -/Jr / shrink, shred, shrill, shrimp, shrubspl - / spl / splash, split, splice, splint, splurgespr - / spr / spread, spring, spree, sprain, spray squ - /skw / square, squad, squirrel, squat, squeak str - / str / string, strip, straw, stream, street thr - / 0r / throw, three, throne, thrift, thrill 5.在单词结尾的字母组合 ck （只发一个/k/音）/ k / duck, pack, quick, luck, rockId /Id / cold, gold, held, mild, baldIk - / Ik / milk, silk, elk, sulkz skulkmp - / mp /lamp, damp, champ, hump, dumpnch - /ntj/ inch, ranch, lunch, bench, crunch nd - / nd / hand, kind, bend, stand, mind ng（这个音比较特别，是舌头抵住上颗后方所发出的后鼻音）-/ 0 / ring, long, sing, wing, lung nk - /rj k/ sink, bank, trunk, pink, ink nt - / nt / tent, ant, hunt, sent, mint sh - / J / fish, rash, brush, wish, trash st - / st / vest, last, test, list, lost五 常见的元音字母组合的发音 修哥巧学妙计：2个元音字母在一起，谁在前谁发音，谁在 后不发音（80% ）。2个元音字母在一起，谁在后谁发音（20%）1. ai / ei / gain bait bail daily fail pain lainay / ei / day lay may pay gay say way2. ei / ei / eight weight height （特殊）gh 不发音 ee / i: / meet see bee free feed knee weekea / i: / meat beat pea tea ea/e/ dead bread deaf head feather sweat （特殊）ey / ei / ley obey grey they prey3. ie / ai / die lie pieie / i: / chief piece thief field believe （特殊）4. oa / 9u / boat coat goat load loafoo / u: / too noon food cool room wool oo / u / good cook foot wood look book修哥巧学妙计：一个好厨师脚踩在木头上看着书，发短音/Uoo / a/ blood 血 flood 洪水（特殊）ou / au / mouth round out about loud house mouseou / u: / you soup route group wound youthou / a / young couple tough touch enough double （特殊）oi / oi / oil noise join boil point coin soiloy / oi / joy boy soy toy enjoy envoy5. ui /u:/ fruit 水果 juice 果汁 bruise cruise六R音节和RE音节的发音（这个很多人不懂）许多相关书籍也遗漏了这个，甚是遗憾，这是自然拼读的一 个主要规律。今天修哥教给你。R音节:1 ar / a: / car park arm star art dark bark2 er / a: / her lert nerve person term insert/ o / after father mother teacher order3 ir / 8： / bird girl shirt first dirty firm4 or / o: / for order or morning sort horse5 ur / a: / purple purse turn burn hurt surf furRE音节:1 are /sa / bare care dare fare share hare rare spare2 ere / is / here mere sphere adhere /eq / where nowhere there3 ire / aid / fire hire tire mire wire admire desire4 ore / o: / more wore sore store5 ure / us / pure cure endure secure manure分为元音字母组合、辅音字母组合.元音和辅音组合三种）。刍然拼读法好比汉字的偏旁部首。只有一种发音的辅音字母字母音标例词及读音b / b / black bag bike boy book tabled / d / do does desk dog god dadf / f / fat fine face five four for father h / h / he his has have her hair highj / ds /job jeep Japan joke just junek / k / sky ask kid kind knowm / m / me meet milk mom man minen / n / name neck nice no not numberp / p / plane pen pet pig cup cap mapqu / kw/ quick quite quiet quarter queen注意：字母q不单独发音，常与u组合发音r / r / rice right round ruler red rose t /1 / ten that teacher tall takev / v / very visit vase love five live havew / w / we way welcome well what widez / z / zoo zero zone zebra二有多个发音的辅音字母：c / k / can cat come class car cake cab/ s / nice face rice cell mice c 在e,i,y之前读/ s /g / g / green go good grade girl big/ ds / gem age cage gibe loge gym q 在 /i,y 之前读/ d 3 /s / s / same see seven six small yes/ z / is those nose these pleasex 一般情况发 / ks / box six fix text oxx在单词中间时有时发/gz/ exitf examf exactX在单词起始位置时发/z/ xylophone. Xeroxy/j / year yes you your young yellow/ ai / my by try dry cry fly 单音节词/ i / city busy lazy crazy Lily lady baby 双音节词注意：Y也叫做半元音字母，常常看着I的弟弟。I / I- / like love let leg look long 词首/-I/will bill ball tall wall call bell well 词尾三5个元音字母的常见发音规则（普通情况，有特殊情况）当然拼读难在5个元音字母的发音，5个元音字母发音有点 复杂，这是自然拼读的难点，我这里只说明5个元音字母在 开音节和闭音节中的常见发音规律。1 a / ei / name game bake wave grade 开音节/ ae / bag cat map hand can 闭音节2 e / i: / me he she we these 开音节/ e / egg pen pencil dress wet red 闭音节3 i / ai / hi bike nine wifi knife 开音节/ i / six kid pig sit this 闭音节4 o / au / no go home nose phone 开音节/ o / dog god box shop not 闭音节5 u /ju: / cube tube use huge tune 开音节/ u: / lute June July lube rude rule Yule/ a / bus up but cut duck tug 闭音节/ u / bull put push pull full bush 闭音节1 .开音节：绝对开音节：单个元音字母后面没有辅音字母的重读音节。 也就是辅音+元音的结构。例如：ba he we hi fi so no bu fu 等词。相对开音节:单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母，再加不发 音字母e构成的重读音节。也就是辅音+元音+辅音+不发 音的的结构。如 name , gene , bike , home , fume ,开音节发音规律：在开音节中五个元音字母发本身音。2 .闭音节：以元音字母加一个或几个辅音字母结尾的重读音 节叫闭音节。例如：bag gin fish not nut闭音节发音规律：在闭音节中五个元音字母发对应的短音。自然拼读是小学生高年级英语入门必备的英语基础知识，七 年级英语不及格的学生必须及时补学习，否则后面很难补救 了。部分小学生和中学生英语不及格的主要原因是这些学生 不会记单词，不会记单词的原因是没有系统的学习自然拼读, 没有掌握单词的规律，所以导致一学习英语就八个头。只要 会记单词了英语及格是a piece of cake.四常见的辅音字母组合的发音 字母组合发音例词1 ch / tj / China teacher teach chess chair2 ck / k / cock clock chick back black3 dg/dge/dj / 也 / badge lodge bridge adjust edge4 th / 0 / thank think thin three thirteen/ d / this that these those they their them then5 sh / J / she shoe ship shop show wish fish dish6 ph / f / phone photo telephone elephant7 gh / high weight height right night light eight eighteen/ f / cough enough rough tough laugh8 kn / n / know knife knock knit knee9 ng / rj / sing thing long nong wrong morning10 tr/tr/ try tree true train treat trousers11 dr / dr / draw drive driver drug dry dress12 ts / ts / boats kites parents fruits13 ds / dz / beds hands friends14 wh / w / what why where when white/ h / who whose whole15 wr / r / wrong write wrist wrap其它辅音字母组合发音例词1 .带有I的字母组合 bl -/ bl / black, blame, bless, blue, blast cl - / kl / clock, class, clap, clue, closefl / fl / flag, fly, flat, flash, flower gl - / gl / glass, glad, glide, glue, globe pl - / pl / plate, plane, place, plus, plan si - /si / sled, sleep, slow, slide, slim2 .带有r的字母组合br - / br / bridge, break, brave, brown, bread cr - / kr / crab, crack, crop, crown, creek dr - / dr / dress, drag, drink, drive, dropfr - / fr / frog, fresh, free, from, frontgr - / gr / grape, grade, grass, grin, gruntpr / pr / press, pride, price, print, prooftr - / tr/ truck, track, true, train, tree3 .带有s的字母组合 sc - / sk / scale, scar, score, scare, scuff sk - / sk / skate, skip, skill, skull, skinsm - / sm / smoke, smile, smog, smell, smearsn - / sn / snake, snap, snore, snow, snugsp - /sp / spoon, spin, spot, spell, sportst - /st / stop, stack, stay, step, stillsw - /sw / swim, swell, swing, sweet, swifttw - / tw / twig, tweet, twist, twin, twine4 . 3个辅音字母组合