（2021初中学业水平）2021年中考英语重难题型8饮食、卫生与健康.docx

话题八：饮食、卫生与健康（时间：25分钟分值：28分）I .完形填空。(10分)Few people like changing their habits, good or bad.Whether it is smoking, drinking or over-eating, they “ enjoying ” them to the end.On every packet of cigarettes(香烟)，people are warned against the 2 of smoking: "Warning: Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerous to Your Health ” .3 > millions of them start smoking or go on smoking.Why?Facts show that families and surroundings(环境)play a very important part in influencing smokers.All those smokers4 smoking families or have smoking 5 or relatives.Films and TV plays also play a part.People 6 their “heroes“ on TV drinking alcohol(酒)or smoking cigarettes."Heroes“ seem to nothing, neither killing themselves nor killing others with alcohol and cigarettes.If they are not afraid of the harm of smoking and drinking, 8 should common people be afraid?The simple warning on the cigarette packet does not influence smokers* habits.Even stronger warnings, like showing pictures of smokers who have died 9 cancer, don't seem to work.Knowing and believing seem to be two 10things.If smoking is really as harmful as doctors say, it is time forsmokers to think about it and try to give it up!()1. A. stop B. continueC. finish D. avoid()2.A.chances B. excusesC. causes D. dangers()3.A.MoreoverB. AlsoC. However D. Besides()4.A.come from B. hear fromC. learn from D. get from()5.A.parents B. unclesC. brothers D. friends()6.A.hear B. catchC. watch D. face()7.A.dareB. fearC. promise D. regret()8.A.whatB. howC. when D. why()9.A.of B. atC. against D. above()10.A.similar B. pleasantC. different D. boring11.(2020字波中考)阅读理解。(8分)Monday, January 21stI'm a virus（病毒）for the common cold.lt has been a long time since I infected（感染）humans last time.Today I tried to infect a boy in a primary school all day.His name is Sam.I waited on his desktop, and when he touched the desk I jumped on his finger.Unluckily, Sam didn't touch his eyes, mouth or nose.Then, right after class, he washed his hands.Now I'm full of soap and sitting in a sink!Tuesday, January 22ndThis morning I jumped into the nose of Sam*s best friend, Bill.Unluckily, the mucus（黏液）in his nose caught me.I thought it was over for me, when suddenly Bill sneezed while he was talking to Sam.I knew that would send me right into Sam's face! However, Sam quickly gave Bill a tissue, and Bill sneezed into that instead! Infecting people is harder than I imagined.Wednesday, January 23rdI'm feeling very unhappy today.Some scientists caught my friend Harry and put him under a microscope.Harry is a flu virus and he's a dangerous little guy.Besides, Sam ate all his vegetables today.He's exercising, and he's getting eight hours of sleep every night.His body is too strong for me!Thursday, January 24thI tried to infect Sam again today, but he washed his hands five times and never touched his face! He also gave tissues to every student in his class who was sneezing.It*s impossible to give him a cold! So I have to give up and I'm moving to another school.（）1.According to the passage, life of the virus for the common cold could be.A. easy B. luckyC dangerous D. difficult（）2.The underlined word "his” in the passage refers to.A. Sam's B. BilFsC. Harry*s D. Bill's friend's（）3.The writer is trying to tell us that.A. viruses feel happy, sad and angry just as people doB we should be friendly when other people around you are sickC. its important to protect your own body against virusesD. many viruses around us like to infect boys in primary schools（）4.The best title fbr the passage might be "A . Danger of a Virus B. Habit of a VirusC. Diary of a Virus D. Letter of a Virus此任务型阅读。（10分）A balanced diet and daily physical activity can make children live healthy lives.For many years，children obesity（月巴胖）rates have been on the rise.Now some U . S.cities，including Philadelphia, New York City and Los Angeles, are seeing progress in their fighting against fat.Declining childhood obesity rates have been reported in parts of Mississippi, the state with the highest obesity rate in the nation.Making the EffortFrom 1980 to 2000，about 9 million children wereoverweight.Being oveiweight can lead to serious health problems.They may have heart disease，stroke, diabetes, cancer and high blood pressure.In 2011, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention（CDC） began a project to fight against childhood obesity.The project's goal is to find ways to make healthy changes in schools, food stores, parks and other places.Healthy ChoicesThe cities and states with declining childhood obesity rates have followed the CDC s suggestions.Philadelphia works with an organization called the Food Trust to connect schools with local farms and bring fresh vegetables to cafeterias.New York City has required chain restaurants to post calorie（卡路里）information on their menu.Mississippi created a program called “Fruits & Vegetables： More Matters“ to teach kids how to add healthy food to their daily diets.Schools nationwide are doing their part.Fried food has disappeared from many cafeteria menus.Whole- wheat bread has replaced sugary drinks, including sports drinks and soda.Many schools have banned junk food and require healthier snack options in vending machines（自 动售货机）.1题完成句子；2、3题简略回答问题；4题找出并写下最后一段的主题句；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。1. A balanced diet and can make children live healthy lives.2. What is the goal of CDC's project?3. What has New York City done to reduce（降低）childhood obesity rates?4. L5. o答案话题八：饮食、卫生与健康（时间：25分钟分值：28分）I .完形填空。（10分）Few people like changing their habits, good or bad.Whether it is smoking, drinking or over-eating, they “ enjoying “ them to the end.On every packet of cigarettes（杳成因），people are warned against the 2 of smoking: uWarning: CigaretteSmoking Is Dangerous to Your Health v .3 > millions of them start smoking or go on smoking.Why?Facts show that families and surroundings(环境)play a very important part in influencing smokers.All those smokers4 smoking families or have smoking § or relatives.Films and TV plays also play a part.People 6 their “heroes“ on TV drinking alcohol(酒)or smoking cigarettes.4Heroes seem to 7 nothing, neither killing themselves nor killing others with alcohol and cigarettes.If they are not afraid of the harm of smoking and drinking, g should common people be afraid?The simple warning on the cigarette packet does not influence smokers* habits.Even stronger warnings, like showing pictures of smokers who have died 9 cancer, don't seem to work.Knowing and believing seem to be two 10 things.If smoking is really as harmful as doctors say, it is time for smokers to think about it and try to give it up!(B)l. A. stop B. continueC. finish D. avoid(D)2.A.chances B. excuses C. causes D. dangers (C)3.A.Moreover B. Also C. However D. Besides (A)4.A.come from B. hear from C. learn from D. get from (D)5.A.parents B. uncles C. brothers D. friends(C)6.A.hear B. catch C. watch D. face (B)7.A.dareB. fearC. promise D. regret (D)8.A.whatB. howC. when D. why (A)9.A.of B. at C. against D. above (C)lO.A.similar B. pleasant C. different D. boring 11.(2020字波中考)阅读理解。(8分)Monday, January 21stI'm a virus(病毒)for the common cold.lt has been a long time since I infected(感染)humans last time.Today I tried to infect a boy in a primary school all day.His name is Sam.I waited on his desktop, and when he touched the desk I jumped on his finger.Unluckily, Sam didn't touch his eyes, mouth or nose.Then, right after class, he washed his hands.Now I'm full of soap and sitting in a sink!Tuesday, January 22ndThis morning I jumped into the nose of Sam's best friend, BilLUnluckily, the mucus(黏液)in his nose caught me.I thought it was over for me, when suddenly Bill sneezed while he was talking to Sam.I knew that would send me right into Sam*s face! However, Sam quickly gave Bill a tissue, and Bill sneezed into that instead! Infecting people is harder than I imagined.Wednesday, January 23rdI'm feeling very unhappy today.Some scientists caught my friend Harry and put him under a microscope.Harry is a flu virus and he*s a dangerous little guy.Besides, Sam ate all his vegetables today.He's exercising, and he's getting eight hours of sleep every night.His body is too strong for me!Thursday, January 24thI tried to infect Sam again today, but he washed his hands five times and never touched his face! He also gave tissues to every student in his class who was sneezing.Its impossible to give him a cold! So I have to give up and I'm moving to another school.(D)l.According to the passage, life of the virus for the common cold could be.A. easy B. luckyC. dangerous D. difficult(B)2.The underlined word "his" in the passage refers to.A. Sam's B. BilFsC. Harry's D. BilFs friend's(C)3.The writer is trying to tell us that.A. viruses feel happy, sad and angry just as people doB. we should be friendly when other people around you are sickC. it's important to protect your own body against virusesD. many viruses around us like to infect boys in primary schools(C)4.The best title fbr the passage might be "A. Danger of a Virus B. Habit of a VirusC - Diary of a VirusD. Letter of a VirusIII.任务型阅读。(10分)A balanced diet and daily physical activity can make children live healthy lives.For many years , children obesity(月巴胖)rates have been on the rise.Now some U S.cities , including Philadelphia, New York City and Los Angeles, are seeing progress in their fighting against fat.Declining childhood obesity rates have been reported in parts of Mississippi, the state with the highest obesity rate in the nation.Making the EffortFrom 1980 to 2000, about 9 million children wereoverweight.Being overweight can lead to serious health problems.They may have heart disease, stroke, diabetes, cancer and high blood pressure.In 2011, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC) began a project to fight against childhood obesity.The project's goal is to find ways to make healthy changes in schools, food stores, parks and other places.Healthy ChoicesThe cities and states with declining childhood obesity rates have followed the CDC s suggestions.Philadelphia works with an organization called the Food Trust to connect schools with local farms and bring fresh vegetables to cafeterias.New York City has required chain restaurants to post calorie（卡路里）information on their menu.Mississippi created a program called “ Fruits & Vegetables： More Mattersto teach kids how to add healthy food to their daily diets.Schools nationwide are doing their part.Fried food has disappeared from many cafeteria menus.Whole- wheat bread has replaced sugary drinks, including sports drinks and soda.Many schools have banned junk food and require healthier snack options in vending machines（自 动售货机）.1题完成句子；2、3题简略回答问题；4题找出并写下最后一段的主题句；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。1. A balanced diet and daily physical activity can make children live healthy lives.2. What is the goal of CDC's project?The project's goal is to find ways to make healthy changes in schools, food stores, parks and other places.3. What has New York City done to reduce（降低）childhood obesity rates?New York City has required chain restaurants to post calorie information on their menu.4. Schools nationwide are doing their part.5. 超重会导致严重的健康问题。