广东省广州市越秀区第十六中学2022-2023学年八年级上学期期中英语试题.docx

广东省广州市越秀区第十六中学2022-2023学年八年级上学期期中英语试题学校:姓名：班级：考号：一、单项选择1. Sam used togames for fun, but now he wants to do.A. play; else somethingB. playing; something elseC. play; something elseD. playing; else something【答案】C【详解】句意：山姆过去玩游戏是为了好玩，但现在他想做点别的。考查固定短语和不定代词。根据"but now”可知，第一空表示“过去常常"，为used to do sth, 排除B和D；第二空else修饰不定代词something,需置于不定代词后。故选C。2. When the dinosaur appeared,all ran off, leaving me alone to face the danger.A. the other B. the othersC. othersD. another【答案】B【详解】句意：当恐龙出现时，其他人都跑了，只剩下我一个人面对危险。考查代词辨析。the other其余的，后接名词，或用于onethe other"一个另一个” the others 其余人/物；others 其他人/物；another 另个。根据“all ran off, leaving me alone to face the danger”可知，只剩下我一人，其余人都逃跑了。故选B。3. . The number of the workers in this factory 2,000. And a number of themto work by bike.A. are; goB. are; goesC. is; goD. is; goes【答案】c【详解】句意：这家工厂的工人人数是2000人。他们中的许多人骑自行车上班。考查主谓一致。the number of+名词复数，表示“的数量”，中心词是number,作主 语时对应谓语用单数形式，第一空填is； a number of+名词复数/代词，表示“大量的”, 中心词是“名词复数/代词”，作主语时对应谓语用复数形式，第二空填g。故选C。4. 一How far is it from Beijing to Haikou?Ifs a flight from Beijing to Haikou.A. 3-hours-long B. 3-hour-long C. 3 hour's long D. 3 hours long【答案】B shouted rudely, "You have not paid me fbr the fried fish!“But I have not had your fried fish!”“But everyone can see that you enjoyed the smell of my fried fish with your rice and vegetables, argued the woman “If you had not smelled the fish, your meal would not have been eaten so jovially!"Soon a crowd collected, although they supported the poor traveller, they had to agree that the wind was blowing from the shop to the place where he had eaten, and that it had carried the smell of the fried fish to him.Finally, the woman took the poor traveller to a judge（法官）,who said, "The woman says that the traveller ate his meal with the smell of her fish. The traveller agrees that the wind was blowing from the woman's shop to the place where he ate his rice and vegetables and that it carried the smell of her fried fish to his nose while he was eating, so he must pay for it. What does your fried fish cost?”"Twenty-five cents a plate." she answered happily.“Then go outside together,“ said the judge. "There the traveller must hold up a 25-cent piece so that its shadow（影子）falls on the woman's hand. The price of the smell of a plate of fried fish is the shadow of 25 cents.34. According to Paragraph 1, why did the woman shout?A. Because she wanted to sell her fried fish.B. Because she wanted to argue with the traveller.C. Because she wanted the traveller to pay.D. Because she wanted to give some food to the traveller.35. What does the underlined word "jovially“ in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Secretly. B. Quickly.C. Pleasantly.D. Slowly.36. What can we know according to the passage?A. The woman got nothing at last.B , The judge did a wrong thing.C. The traveller ate a plate of fish.D. The traveller gave the woman 25 cents.37. It can be inferred from the passage that the judge is.A. patient B. shyC. impoliteD. intelligent【答案】34. C 35. C 36. A 37. D【导语】本文讲述一个女人因为贫穷的旅行者闻到了她的炸鱼味道而向旅行者索取费用, 旅行者认为自己没有吃炸鱼就不需要付钱，最后二人闹到法庭上的故事。34 .细节理解题。根据“ This woman watched the poor traveller carefully, and when he finished his food and began to go, she shouted rudely, "You have not paid me for the fried fish!加可知，因为她想让旅行者付钱所以大喊。故选C。35 .词义猜测题。根据"If you had not smelled the fish, your meal would not have been eaten so jovially!”可知，女人认为因为穷游行者闻到了炸鱼的味道，所以才能愉快地吃完了饭， 所以划线单词表示“愉快地”，与pleasant同义。故选C。36 .细节理解题。根据“There the traveller must hold up a 25-cent piece so that its shadow（影 子）falls on the woman's hand. The price of the smell of a plate of fried fish is the shadow of 25 cents”可知，那个女人最后什么也没有得到。故选A。37 .推理判断题。根据“There the traveller must hold up a 25-cent piece so that its shadow（影 子）falls on the woman's hand. The price of the smell of a plate of fried fish is the shadow of 25 cents”可知，法官想出了用25美分的影子支付一盘炸鱼味道的钱的主意，可见他是 聪明的，故选D。Nowadays, we have kinds of technologies to protect us from different disasters （灾难）. We even know where and when some disasters, like the typhoon, come. While most of the new technologies are far away from us, some around us can help people in disasters.The drone （无人机）is one of them. It can be used to send food, water and other important things when a natural disaster happens. Very often the buildings are too dangerous for rescue teams to get in. They can make the drone fly into the buildings to search for those who are still alive first.Social media is also a useful tool when it comes to natural disasters. With its help, people can know about the natural disasters before they hit. And some social media platforms allow people to mark themselves as safe after disasters so others can know their status.Social media is also a place for up-to-the-minute news, so people can learn what is going on in the disaster areas. Besides, many social media platforms allow people to donate money to help people in disaster areas. The money will help them get back to their normal life as soon as possible. For example, livestreaming （直播）helped raise a lot of money forHenan after the flood in 2021.Although these technologies can help when there is a natural disaster, we still need to prepare necessary tools and learn important skills to protect ourselves.38.If people know others “status"，they knowA. what they are likeB. what they are doingC. if they are at homeD. how they are going39.The writer mentions livestreaming to showA.social media can provide up-to-the-minute newsB.social media can help raise money after a disasterC.people can know about coming disasters on social mediaD.people can tell others they are safe through social media40.The purpose of the passage is toA.tell readers what to do when disasters comeB.advise readers to use social media more oftenC.tell readers how some technologies help in disastersD.ask readers to learn necessary skills for natural disasters41.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?A. B.D.C.【导语】本文介绍了一些能够保护人民免于灾难的现代科技。38 .推理判断题。根据"And some social media platforms allow people to mark themselves as safe after disasters so others can know their status.“可知，一些社交媒体平台允许人们在灾 难发生后将自己标记为安全的，这样其他人就可以知道自己的状态，也就是人们可以知 道他们情况如何。故选D。39 .细节理解题。根据“The money will help them get back to their normal life as soon as possible. For example, livestreaming （直播）helped raise a lot of money for Henan after the flood in 2021可知，直播能够在灾难过后帮助筹集大量资金。故选B。40 .推理判断题。纵观全文，本文介绍了一些能够保护人民免于灾难的现代科技。因此 本文的目的在于告诉读者一些技术是如何在灾难中发挥作用的。故选Co41 .篇章结构题。根据“While most of the new technologies are far away from us, some around us can help people in disasters.”可知第一段总领全文，根据"The drone is one of them.”可知第二段介绍无人机，根据"Social media is also a useful tool when it comes to natural disasters.”和"Social media is also a place for up-to-the-minute news, so people can learn what is going on in the disaster areas,，可知第三段和第四段介绍社交媒体，根据 "Although these technologies can help when there is a natural disaster”可知最后段总结， 因此选项A符合。故选A。Research has found that the secret to happiness is keeping busy. Keeping your minds busy with tasks can help you keep off your negative emotions（负面f青绪）.No matter how meaningless they are.However, the bad news is that humans are seemingly born to be lazy in order to save energy, according to Professor Christoper Hsee, a scientist at Chicago University.In a study, 98 students were asked to complete two surveys. After they had completed the first, they had to wait 15 minutes to receive the next one. They were given a choice of either handing in the first survey nearby or at a farther place they had to walk to. No matter which choice they made, they received a chocolate bar. It turned out that 68 students chose the lazy option. Those who had taken the walk reported feeling happier than those who had stayed put （待在原处）.Prof. Hsee said that keeping busy helped keep people happy. He said the findings, reported in the journal Psychological Science, might have an effect on policies （政策）."Governments may increase the happiness of idle citizens by having them build bridges that are actually useless/ he suggested.As for ordinary people, he advised, "Get up and do something, anything. Even if there really is no point to what you are doing, you will feel better for it." He added, "Thinking deeply or engaging in self-reflection （自我反省）can be regarded as keeping busy, too.” "You do not need to be running around. You just need to be engaged, either physically or mentally., 42. Keeping busy can make people happy because.A. it can help people keep off lazinessB it can make people sleep betterC. it can help keep off of negative emotionsD. it can give people a sense of achievement43. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Policies may be influenced by the findings.B. The officials have taken Prof. Hsee's advice.C. In the study, half students handed in the first survey nearby.D. Governments can increase citizens' happiness by building bridges. 44. What can we infer from the passage?A. Everybody is bom to be happy.B , Only by keeping working all the time can you get happiness.E. Prof. Hsee's finding was published in Psychological Science.F. Keeping busy goes against human nature.45 . What is the best title for the passage?A. What is HappinessB The Secret of Happiness: Keeping BusyC. The Finding of Research: Do What You LikeD. Take Life Correctly【答案】42, C 43. A 44. D 45. B【导语】本文讲述科学家通过研究发现快乐的秘诀是保持忙碌，让大脑专注于任务, 可以避免负面情绪。42 .细节理解题。根据“Keeping your minds busy with tasks can help you keep off your negative emotions（负面情绪）."可知，保持忙碌可以让人们快乐，因为它可以帮助人们摆 脱消极情绪。故选C。43 .推理判断题。根据"He said the findings, reported in the journal Psychological Science, might have an effect on policies （政策）可知，选项A“政策可能会受到调查结果的影响” 表述正确。故选A。44 .推理判断题。根据“However, the bad news is that humans are seemingly born to be lazy in order to save energy, according to Professor Christoper Hsee, a scientist at Chicago University."（然而，坏消息是，据芝加哥大学的科学家Christoper Hsee教授称，人类似 乎天生懒惰，以节省能量）可推断，忙碌有悖于人的天性。故选D。45 .最佳标题题。本文讲述科学家通过研究发现快乐的秘诀是保持忙碌，让大脑专 注于任务，可以避免负面情绪。可知，选项B符合文章大意。故选B。五、阅读还原5选5阅读短文及文后选项，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Do you know Australia? Australia is the largest island in the world. 46 The population of Australia is nearly as large as that of Shanghai. 47 The sky is blue and the water is clean. You can clearly see fish swimming in the rivers. Plants grow very well.Last month we visited Perth, the biggest city in Western Australia, and went to a wild flowers, exhibition.48 Perth is famous for its beautiful wild flowers. After visitingPerth, we spent the day in the countryside. We sat down and had a rest near a path at the foot of a hill. 49 Suddenly, we heard bells ringing at the top of the hill. What we saw made us pick up all our things and run back to the car as quickly as we could. There were about three hundred sheep coming towards us down the path.50 After a short drive from any town, you will find yourself in the middle of white sheep. Sheep, sheep, everywhere are sheep.A. The government has made enough laws to fight pollution.B , Australia is famous for its sheep and kangaroos.C. Australia is big, but its population is not large.D. It was quiet and we enjoyed ourselves.E. There we saw a large number of wild flowers we had never seen before.【答案】46. C 47. A 48. E 49. D 50. B【导语】本文主要介绍了澳大利亚的面积、人口和西部的珀斯以及游览乡村的经历。46. 根据“Australia is the largest island in the world.The population of Australia is nearly as large as that of Shanghai”可知，澳大利亚很大，但是人口很少，选项C “澳大利亚很大， 但人口不多。”符合语境，故选C。47. 根据"The sky is blue and the water is clean. You can clearly see fish swimming in the rivers. Plants grow very well.”可知，此处是说澳大利亚的环境很好，选项A“政府已经制 定了足够的法律来对抗污染。”符合语境，故选A。48. 根据“Perth is famous for its beautiful wild flowers”可知，此处说的和美丽的野花有关， 选项E“在那里我们看到了许多我们以前从未见过的野花。”符合语境，故选E。49. 根据"We sat down and had a rest near a path at the foot of a hilL"和"Suddenly, we heard bells ringing at the top of the hill.”可知,作者他们坐下来休息,突然听到山顶上的钟声。 选项D“那里很安静，我们玩得很开心。”符合语境，故选D。50. 根据"After a short drive from any town, you will find yourself in the middle of white sheep. Sheep, sheep, everywhere are sheep.”可知，此处介绍澳大利亚有很多羊，选项B”澳 大利亚以羊和袋鼠而闻名。”符合语境，故选B。六、短文首字母填空根据下文中所给的首字母写出空格所缺的单词，使文章通顺合理并符合语法要求，每空 只写一，词。We are learning about great inventions in the world these days. In fact, many inventions were created by a 51 The inventors were trying to make something completely different. Here is one story.In 1945, at the end of the Second World War, Percy LeBaron Spencer, an American inventor was working on a machine to p 52 powerful radio waves. When he was standing next to the machine, he noticed that the bar of chocolate in his pocket went soft. He r 53 that this machine was able to cook things. He called it a microwave. Since then, people have been able to heat or cook things easily and microwaves have become p 54 in many homes. After the invention of microwave, people's lives become more c 55 and convenient.【答案】51. (a)ccident52. (p)roduce 53. (r)ealized/(r)ealised 54. (p)opular 55. (c)omfortable【导语】本文主要讲述了一个关于发明的事情。51 .句意：事实上，许多发明都是偶然创造的。根据“In fact, many inventions were created by a”可知，此处是固定搭配by accident”偶然地”,故填(a)ccident。52 .句意：1945年，第二次世界大战结束时，美国发明家珀西勒巴伦斯宾塞正在研制 一种能产生强大无线电波的机器。根据"a machine to p.powerful radio waves.”可知，这 种机器可以产生强大无线电波，produce”产生，生产。动词，不定式符号t。后，用动 词原形，故填(p)roduce。53 .句意:他意识到这台机器可以烹饪东西。根据"this machine was able to cook things 和首字母可知，他意识到这台机器可以烹饪东西。realize/realise”意识到。是动词。时 态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(r)ealized/(r)ealised。54 .句意：从那时起，人们已经能够轻松地加热或烹饪食物，微波炉在许多家庭中变得 流行起来 o 根据"Since then, people have been able to heat or cook things easily ”可知，从 那时起微波炉在许多家庭中变得流行起来，popular"流行的”，形容词作表语，故填 (p)opularo55 .句意：微波炉发明后，人们的生活变得更加舒适方便。根据“After the invention of microwave, peopled lives become more c. and convenient.”可知,有 了 微波炉，人们的生 活变得更加舒适方便。comfortable“舒适的”，形容词作表语，故填(c)omfortable。七、完成句子56 .身体健康依靠的是营养丰富的食品、新鲜的空气和充足的睡眠。Healthnutritious food, fresh air and enough sleep.【答案】depends on【详解】根据句意和题干可知，depend on表示"依靠”，句子描述一个事实，应用一般 现在时，主语是不可数名词，谓语动词用三单形式。故填depends； on。57 .人们应该尽力去保护野生动物，而不是去伤害他们。People should try to protect wild animals them.【答案】instead of hurting【详解】instead。色而不是' 是固定表达,后加动名词作宾语；hurt“伤害”,动词。故 填 instead； of； hurtingo58 .那时我们完全没有意识到我们所惹的麻烦。At that time, we totally the trouble we caused.【答案】were unware of【详解】be unaware of没有意识到”,根据“At that time”可知,此处用一般过去时,主语是 we, be 动词用 were,故填 were； unaware； ofo59 .随着时间的推移，很多古老的习俗正在消失。As time goes by, many old customs.答案】 are dyingout【详解】根据所给汉语可知，空格处要填“正在消失、由此可推知，空格处要用现在进 行时“am/is/are+动词现在分词"，主语为"many old customs”，be动词用are,“消失”的短 语是“die out”,所以空格处要填are dying out。故填are dying out。八、材料作文60 .随着科学技术的进步，新的发明不断涌现，它们大大地改变了人们的生活，综合以 下表格写一篇短文。谈谈各项发明的作用，然后说出你的感受。发明作用空调 (air-conditioner)调节温度(temperature),让人们能在舒适的环境下生活高铁(high-speed railway)让出行更快捷方便电脑