福建省厦门市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题.docx

福建省厦门市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题学校:姓名：班级：考号：一、阅读理解空e science of the deep Antarctic: Shackleton's expedition and the Weddell SeaJoin one of the greatest expedition voyages on this planet. Journey below the AntarcticCircle and deep into the Weddell Sea, a part of Antarctica that few get to experience. Encounter huge icebergs, and a variety of marine wildlife on this trip of a lifetime to the world's most remote continent.Reirace（重走）thc same paths of early British explorer Ernest Shackleton, and learn about one of the greatest known sunival stories of polar exploration. Hear first-hand from broadcast presenter and producer, Saunders Carmichael-Brown, who was aboard the Endurance 22 expedition that discovered the remains of Shackleton's ship on the Antarctic seabed in 2022.Exclusive（独有的）to New Scientist, you will be accompanied by marine biologist and author Helen Scales along with a highly knowledgeable and supportive expedition team（experts in exploration, science and wildlife）.Travel aboard a new state-of-the-art polar expedition ship, the Sylvia Earle. With a capacity for just 132 guests, it is large enough to offer luxury and to navigate deep into the ice but remains a highly personalised experience.HighlightsLeam all about the Antarctic unique ecosystems from marine biologist Helen Scales.See a variety of wildlife that play and hunt in Antarctic Sound including whales, penguins and seals.Uncover the fascinating history of Shackleton's expedition, including the Endurance 22 expedition discovery of the Endurance shipwreck（沉船）from film producer Saunders Carmichacl-Brown.not spend a single penny unnecessarily. ''With determination in their hearts, the twins worked out a plan. They decided to bring homemade snacks and refreshing drinks from their own kitchen, ensuring they wouldn't spend a penny.The twins set off on their journey, their backpacks filled with sandwiches, cookies, and boules filled with cool, clear water from the village well. As they walked along the path, (hey noticed colorful trash scattered (散落)about, which ruined the natural beauty surrounding them.A brilliant idea flashed into Sarah's mind. "Why don't we pick up the litter along the way?We could clean up our beloved countryside and maybe even earn a few coins by recycling the materials. nExcited by the idea, the twins eagerly collected the scattered items. As they reached the foot of the hill, their bags heavy with (he collected waste, they came across a recycling center. With excitement, (hey exchanged (heir findings for shiny coins. With newfound treasures in their pockets, they climbed up the hill.When they reached the top, they were greeted by a breathtaking view of their village. "It's so beautifiil!,Sam burst out,” We must share our adventure with Miss Harper and our classmates!” 注意：1 .续写词数应为150左右；2 .请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。The next morning, Sarah and Sam returned to school, eager to meet Miss Harper.The following weekend, the entire class started to clean up their beloved village.For more information and to book,call UK+44(0) 2031961000 (UK office: Mon-Fri 9:00am to 5:30pm GMT) or visit newscientist. com/tour1. How can you learn about Ernest Shackleton in the journey?A. By following the same routes of Shackleton's expedition.B. By hearing first-hand from survivors of Shackleton's team.C. By stepping aboard the remains of Shackleton's ship.D. By seeing a documentary about the Endurance shipwreck.2. Who can you learn Antarctic's marine ecosystem from?A. Ernest Shackleton.C. Saunders Carmichael-Brown.3. What is the purpose of the text?A. To remember an explorer.C. To promote a tour product.B. Helen Scales.D. Sylvia Earle.B. To report an expedition story.D. To explain the science of Antarctic.Not every man is cut out to be a father. If the thought of fatherhood fills you with fear, maybe it isn't fbr you or maybe it's a sign that you take the responsibility of fatherhood seriously.As a parent, you are always going to have to trust your instincts (本能).There's no comprehensive rule book on parenting. You'll screw un sometimes. (Hopefully, your husband or wife will be there to nudge (用肘推)you in the right direction. ) And, as in many other aspects of life, doing the right thing will rarely make you popular. Your kids will need limits and discipline, and some days they will get angry with you for it. But the kids know on some level that they need limits and that the responsible parent who is setting and enforcing them is doing so because he or she cares. It's the children whose parents allow them to do anything they want who often harbor doubts about whether they arc really loved.Certainly, we can find meaning in a lot of places in life. But fbr most of us who have seen the emergence of a small baby, fatherhood gives life unparalleled meaning. Parenthood, for a lot of us, may well be an antidepressantnot because you always feel good, but because you no longer have any time to sit around feeling bad. Your kids will always need you in one way or anotherfirst for bottle-feeding, then as fellow pretend superheroes and to apply Band-Aids to skinned knees, and then, when they are teenagers, as a free personal Uber service or, once in a great while, for unexpected deep talks about the meaning of life.I know what I did with my kids day after day, night after night, year over year, mattered so much. I won't pretend to have everything figured out about life, but I did figure out the immeasurable value in being one link in a great chain of family, stretching back to our ancestors and continuing into the future, into whatever the world throws at us next.4. What does the underlined phrase “screw up" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Mess up. B. Feel down. C. Stay strong. D. Get inspired.5. Which statement will the author probably agree with?A. Parenting books are essential for parents.B. Strict parents are popular with iheir kids.C. Disciplining kids is a way to show love.D. Kids seldom understand parents' intentions.6. Why does the author mention the things a parent does for kids in paragraph 3?A. To share sonic parenting tips.B. To stress the difficulty of parents.C. To recall the growth of his kids.D. To show the value of being a parent.7. How does the author mainly feel about fatherhood?A. Fearful. B. Stressed.C. Proud.D. Amused.Now an interesting effort is underway to study and protect the reefs（礁）.Aran Mooney, a marine biologist, is part of a network of scientists who've set up undenvater microphones to essentially listen in on marine life.“It's just really striking what we can learn without actually visually observing,says Mooney. "Just by listening-quiet listeningwe can observe what the animals arc doing out there in the ocean.nThe scientists are racing to record these sounds a（ reefs threatened by climate change and pollution. The coral reef off the U. S. Virgin Islands recorded in 2013, when it was abundant, includes a wide range of sounds. Shrimp pop bubbles. Whales and fish call out. A year ago, the scientists recorded a reef in the same area that had been degraded by pollution. This time most of the sounds were gone.The animals have long departed-starting with the tiny larvae （幼虫）that are needed tobuild up new coral. But Mooney's team has started an experiment: Setting up underwater speakers to broadcast their recordings of (he reef from 2013 in hopes of attracting back the coral larvae. Mooney explains that these tiny jellyfish-like animals get released from healthy reefs and then float for a while in the sea looking for a place to settle. A healthy habitat is super important fbr them because that's going to be their permanent location fbr the rest of their life. Once they attach themselves at (he bottom, there's no chance of moving.To the scientists5 delight, the eflbrt seems to be working. Compared to a degraded reef where they're not playing sounds, the reef that they're acoustically (声学上)enhancing getmore coral settlement. Specifically, about two to three times as much settlement. It will take a few more years to see if, as the coral gets re-established, more fish return as well. But Mooney says the results so far suggest an encouraging possibility: All these recordings don't have to be one more reminder of a disappearing world. They could be a key to restoring it.8. What is an eflbrt made by Mooney's team?A. Observing marine animals visually.C. Racing with other research groups.9. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. The decline of (he sounds.C. The disappearance of the reef.10. What do we know about the coral larvae?A. They can block out the broadcast.C. They can change their locations easily.B. Recording the sound underwater.D. Communicating with marine animals.B. The diversity of the sounds.D. The causes of the sea pollution.B. They arc cautious about their habitats.D. They arc often accompanied by jellyfish.11. Which word could be used to describe the experiment's results according to Mooney?A. Worrying. B. Controversial. C. Precise.D. Promising.Tesla's sclf:driving cars have recently come under investigation as a report on crashes raises questions about their safety. Despite Tesla CEO Elon Musk's claim that their Autopilot capability makes their cars 4tuncquivocally (亳不含糊地)safer,'' data suggests otherwise.According to The Washington Post, the number of deaths and serious injuries associated with Tesla's driver-assistance technology is higher than previously reported. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) recorded 736 crashes since 2019, with at least 17 of them being fatal. These figures include crashes involving both Autopilot, which allows cars to drive on highways without human intervention, and the newer Full Self-Driving feature, which extends automation to city streets. However, these statistics can't record incidents that were avoided due to the cars' safety features. Additionally, when compared to the total number of car crashes that occurred last year, the number of crashes involving driver-assistance vehicles appears relatively small, but actually it's not.Tesla's safety claims lack context as Autopilot is primarily designed for highways, while most accidents occur in more complex environments with cross-traffic, pedestrians, and cyclists. Moreover, Tesla's customer base consists mainly of wealthier individuals who live in communities with lower accident rates.Concerns are raised by Tesla's request to the NHTSA not to reveal whether Autopilot or Full Self-Driving was in use during fatal crashes. This lack of transparency （透明）prevents a comprehensive analysis of the incidents and raises questions about responsibility.Safety exaggerations （夸大）combined with Tesla's aggressive marketing have led to accidents caused by drivers relying too heavily on the system. Full Self-Driving does not allow （he car to fully drive itself, and drivers are expected to remain attentive and ready to intervene at all times. However, Tesla's messaging may mislead some users into believing otherwise.While a driverless future has the potential to be safer, it is crucial not to convince the public that underdeveloped capabilities arc ready for widespread use. Tesla should address past problems, ensure their automation set can detect emergency vehicles, and be transparent with the public about the limitations of their technology. Rushing the implementation of such technology without addressing its limitations could lead to serious consequences on the road. 12. What can we leani about Tesla's driver-assistance-related crashes from paragraph 2?A. 736 fatal cases of self-driving are recorded.B. NHTSA focused on the crashes on highways.C. The total number of car crashes is extremely small.D. The incidents avoided are not counted in the crash statistics.13. What can be inferred about Tesla,s safety claims?A. They arc supported by comprehensive data.B. They are based on limited driving environment.C. They are restricted to the experiences of satisfied customers.D. They have been proven to be accurate and reliable by NHTSA.14. What can we know about Full Self-Driving?A. It is ill-received.B. It is well-developed.C. It needs the driver to stay focused.D. It reduces the accidents greatly.15. Which title best summarizes the content of this text?A. Concerns and Questions Surrounding Tesla s "Self-Driving'' CarsB. Tesla s Self-Driving Cars: The Safest Option of Driving on the RoadC. The Future of Self-Driving Cars: A Closer Look at Tesla s TechnologyD. Reconstruction and Revolution of Tesla s Autopilot and Full Self-Driving二、七选五You've struggled with misplacing objects throughout your life: Your phone is missing a dozen times a day, or you repeatedly misplace your keys or leave your purse at a restaurant. 16Sometimes, losing things affects work or relationships. Here is some advice from experts about how to overcome a tendency to misplace things./7 It is recommended to designate（指定）a color （hat you love and use that color key ring and phone case, so that, when you're scanning, you're always looking fbr your favorite color. You could also put reflective tape on the TV remote, which will make it easier to find when it disappears.Take pictures. Ever wander around the parking lot because you can'I find your car? Take a picture of your parking spot. 18 Photograph all those spots where you store easy-to-lose objects, and when you can't find them, pull up the photo.Invest in technology. 19 You can attach an Apple AirTag to a product you often misplace, fbr example, and an app will guide you to its location. There are also fobs（小饰 物）you can put in your wallet or purse that will ring like a phone when you press a button on either another fob or a phone app.Take a breath. If you5ve misplaced something, give your brain a minute or two. 20A. Be kind to yourselfB. Make your belongings stand outC. The same advice applies to lots of thingsD. It's a common occurrence and certainly annoyingE. The location will come, in the vast majority of casesF. There arc many devices designed to keep track of itemsG. For the most part, people can overcome the tendency to misplace things三、完形填空I was turning 65 in the fall. My mind was filled with 21 of a future loaded with bad senior moments. So how should I 22 (he milestone? I knew I needed to shake off the 23 and celebrate my good health. An idea soon followed I would 24 five kilometres with my kids on my 65th birthday. I called it “5 at 65”.After I mapped out a six-month plan, the 25 began. I started the first week with walking alternating with jogging. I jogged so slowly that I would have 26 more ground if I had walked. But gradually my slow jog turned into a slow run, and the walking 27 decreased in length and number.In mid-July I shared my 28 of “5 at 65" with my kids. With my secret out,