湖北省武汉市部分重点中学(六校)2022--2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题.docx

湖北省武汉市部分重点中学（六校）20222023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题学校:姓名：班级：考号：一、阅读理解It's no secret that some of the world's best ski resorts （胜上也）are found within Switzerland's outstanding mountains. Here arc some of them.GrindelwaldVVengenIf you're looking fbr a Swiss postcard ski experience, then Grindelwald is the place fbr you. The beautiful North Face of the Eiger towers over this pretty mountain village, which has a long history of mountain climbing and skiing. Its main ski area can be skied on the same lift ticket! There's no better way to get up the mountain here than by train.Opening Date: Nov. 26, 2022 Closing Date: Apr. 16, 2023Flims Laax FaleraWhat pulls in skiers and snowboarders from all over the world to Flims Laax Falera are the world-class terrain （地形）parks. There's no denying this ski resort is a big hit with freestylers, but there's also plenty to attract skiers.Opening Date: Nov. 28, 2022 Closing Date: Apr. 26, 2023EngelbergEngclbcrg is a rising star for a range of good reasons, but the highlight is the massive free-ride potential. The secret is most definitely out as the town fills up every year with Scandinavians in search of their dry light snow.Opening Dale: Oct.l 5, 2022 Closing Date: May 21,2023ZermattZermatt is the best of Switzerland's ski resorts. This is your resort if you have the money to afford it! Fantastic restaurants are seen all over the mountain, serving Swiss cheese hotpot and other cooking masterpieces.Opening Date: Nov. 26, 2022 Closing Date: Apr. 30, 20231. Which ski resort do you choose if you enjoy mountain villages?A. Grindclwald-Wcngcn.B. Flims Laax Falera.D. Zermatt.C. Engelberg.Sending a chikl off to college can certainly be stressful for concerned parents. It was 2018 that my son went off to college. lie rarely contacted us. I couldn't help asking about other aspects, which sometimes made him complain that 1 didn't treat him as an adult.To be honest, my son is excellent. Sonic of my friends always tell me that they admire my son's characters and they hope their sons could have some of them.Unexpectedly, it was 4 o'clock in the morning in 2020, when I received the phone call. “This is the emergency room calling and your son was just brought in with severe bums on his face, neck and arms. We have called for an aircraft and are going to fly him to the bum unit in Seattle. Seattle was 350 miles from his college, so we knew immediately this was serious.The doctor described the reason, which caused the burns. At 6 am, my son and his friends decided to barbecue hamburgers in the courtyard of their apartment. When they lit the charcoal, it burst into flames because they had sprayed too much gasoline. The flames caught my son's shirt tail and shot from his waist to well over his head.Fortunately, one of the boys who was quick-minded grasped my son and rolled him on the grass. While it saved his life, it was not in shape to save him from severe burns and the terrible scars.After he recovered from the treatments, the doctors told him they would not do plastic surgery fbr 6 months because it takes that long fbr the skin to stop shrinking and wrinkling. 注意：1 .续写词数应为15()左右；2 .请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。The doctors suggested he return to college with scars of severe burns temporarily.So I told him about Nancy's childhood.2. What attracts people to Flims Laax Fai era?A.Its beautiful secenry.B.Ils pleasantweather.C.Its terrain parks.D.Its free admission.3. What is the major concern of travelers who choose Zermatt?A.Transportation.B.Security.C.Price.D.Location.ChatGPT, designed by OpenAI to carry on conversations just like humans, has become a viral excitement. The Al-powered tool went from zero to a million users in just five days! Its ability to provide in-depth answers to user questions has even drawn the attention of distinguished technology companies.The intelligent robot understands what the user says or types and then responds in a way (hat makes sense. Ils vast body of knowledge has been gathered from the internet and archived books. It is further trained by humans. This makes ChatGPT a useful tool for researching almost any topic.“We have a lot of information on the internet, but you normally have to Google it, then read it and then do something with it J says Ricardo, chief science officer and co-foundcr of AI company Erudit. "Now you'll have this resource that can process the whole internet and all of the information it contains for you to answer your question.”ChatGPT cannot think on its own. It depends on the information that it has been trained on. As a result, the AI tool works well for things that have accurate data available. However, when unsure, ChatGPT can get creative and flow out incorrect responses. OpenAI cautions users to check the information no matter how logical it sounds. Also, ChatGPT has only been trained with information till 2021. Hence, it cannot be relied upon for anything that happened after that.Experts believe ChatGPT has limitless potential (o solve real-world problems. 1( can translate long texts into different languages, create content on almost any topic, and even summarize books.However. ChatGPT has received mixed reactions from educators. Some believe it could serve as a valuable tool to help build literacy skills in the classroom. It could also be used to teach students difficult science or math concepts. But other educators think ChatGPT will encourage students to cheat. They fear this will prevent them from building critical thinking and problem-solving skills. As a result, many districts are starting to ban its use in schools.4. What is the unique feature of ChatGPT?A. Il has artificial intelligence.B. It can answer users' questions.C. It has the largest number of users. D. It can engage in meaningful conversations.5. What makes ChatGPT helpful to research various topics?A.Its capability of information processing.B.Its accurate information.C.Its availability of up-to-date data.D.Its vast body of questions.6. Why do ChatGPT users have to be cautious when using it?A.ChatGPT is unable lo think itself.B.ChatGPT lacks creativity.C.ChatGPT offers illogical information.D.ChatGPT is not properly trained.7. What is the author's attitude towards ChatGPT?A. Favorable. B. Disapproving. C. Objective.D. Intolerant.“You need to sign my son Joe informed me. "What is it?” I asked. Rolling his eyes with a sense of impatience, Joe replied/4 Your permission. And it's due tomorrowI learned that Joe's sixth-grade class would be taking a field trip to the state capital. “That sounds like fiin,“ I said." I've always wanted to go there.” "You can't come!” Joe answered. Puzzled, I asked. uWhy not?” “Because you always come on field trips!”Of course, I always joined his class on field trips. Being a chaperone（监护人）on a field trip is one of the advantages that comes with being a mom. a vacation day in a career （hat oflers few opportunities fbr a change of scenery. "You don't want me to be a chaperone?” "Give someone else's mom a chance,'' he suggested. What was surprising was how much I minded being so impolitely removed from the short list of willing chaperones by my own son.When Joe was in kindergarten, his class planned a pretend trip to Norway. The day before the trip, Joe woke up not feeling well.After learning that he didn't have a fever, I asked, “You don't want to miss getting ready fbr the trip to Norway, do you?” “I guess not, he said.But when I picked him up at the end of the day, the teacher whispered,41 Joe got a little upset today. “What happened?” "He doesn't want to go to Norway without you. So that was what had been bothering my 5-ycar-old.Hc thought his class was really flying to Norway on their wooden chairs in their paper airplane. He believed those passports and tickets he and his classmates had been making were the real deal.Preadolescence fell upon my family as my husband and I found ourselves preparing for our son's upcoming tccn years with the same truridation as someone about to climb an ice-covered mountain wearing high heels.Joe needed to lake a field trip without me accompanying him. And I needed to let him. I'm glad he doesn't need me all the time.8. What did the author really mind?A. The additional responsibilities as a morn.B. Being asked by her son to sign a permission.C. Having missed the chance to visit the state capital.D. Being denied rudely by her son as a chaperone.9. What made Joe upset when he was five years old?A. His going to Norway without his mom.B. The occurrence of his fever on the journey.C. His fear of the paper airplane's crashing down.D. The loss of his passport and ticket.10. What does the underlined word “trepidation” in Paragraph 7 probably mean?A. Excitement.B. Nervousness.C. Expectation.D. Determination.11. What did (he author realize about Joe a( last?A. He hated being controlled by parents.B. He was longing for his parents' love.C. He was becoming less dependent.D. He was unwilling to obey rules.A new experiment shows that the more energy consumed by a clock, the more accurate its timekeeping.Clocks consume energy and release heat. A kitchen clock, for example, docs this by using up its battery. Generally the most accurate clocks require the most energy, which suggests a fundamental connection between energy consumption and accuracy. This is what an international team of scientists from Lancaster. Oxford, and Vienna set out to test.To do this, they built a particularly simple clock, consisting of a super-thin membrane （薄膜），combined with an electronic circuit. Each vibration （振动）of the membrane generated one electrical tick （滴答）.The inventive aspect of this design is that it is powered simply by heating the membrane, while the complete flow of energy through the clock can be measured electrically.The scientists （bund （hat the more heat they supplied, the more accurately the clock ran. In fact, the accuracy was directly relative to the heat released. To make the clock twice as accurate, they needed to supply twice as much heat.The experiment shows a similarity between the operation of a clock and a steam engine. With a steam engine there is fundamental restriction on how much heat we must supply to do a desired amount of work. This restriction is the famous Second Law of Thermodynamics （热 力学）which is central to modern engineering. What this experiment suggests is that clocks, like engines, are restricted by the Second Law, with their output being accurate ticks instead of mechanical work.Dr Edward Laird of Lancaster University said: "This experiment suggests that clocks arc also restricted by thermodynamics. It also poses an interesting question: arc all possible clocks limited in this way, or is it just a characteristic of the ones we have studied?”Interestingly, many everyday clocks have an efficiency that is close to what the scientists' analysis predicts. For example, their analysis predicts that a wristwatch whose accuracy per tick is one part in ten million must consume at least a microwatt of power. In fact, a basic wristwatch usually consumes only a few times this amount. The laws of thermodynamics, discovered in the nineteenth century, are still finding new applications today.12. What do the scientists want to test about clocks?A. Whether to restrict their heat supply.B. How energy influences their accuracy.C. How to make them particularly simple.D. Whether they are similar to steam engines.13. In what way do clocks work differently from steam engines according to the experiment?A. The reslriction from the Second Law.B. The law behind their operation.C. The accuracy of their work.D. The form of their output.14. What will Dr Edward Laird most likely agree with?A. Further studies should be done.B. More questions should be raised.C. Restrictions on clocks should be lifted.D. Suggestions of the experiment should be adopted.15. What is the article mainly about?A. The Second Law of Thermodynamics.B. The energy consumption ofclocks.C. A new experiment.D. A simple clock.二、七选五Do you often find it difficult to concentrate if you are not interested in what you are learning or if you have better things to think about? 16 However, understanding how to do it, and knowing what is distracting you, can help.Scientists have looked at what makes us procrastinate and found a number of ways to help us stay in the zone. 17 Research by Science Focus magazine found silence is best for concentration, or a gentic background hum and coffee shop noise is great! It also found turning off notifications on your phone, or switching it off altogether, removes a major distraction and helps us focus on the task at hand.Another possible cure for a short attention span is brain training. Psychologists and neuroscientists arc increasingly interested in our ability to knuckle down and have looked at what wc can change inside our head to make us concentrate. Attention Researcher Nilli Lavie of University College London has found that making a (ask more visually demanding lakes up more processing power and leaves the brain nothing left to process distractions. 18There are more practical tips to keeping your mind fbcused. 19 Chewing some gum may also help! It's possible the movement in your mouth occupies parts of the brain that might otherwise get distracted.But according to Science Focus magazine, distraction isn't all bad. If wc were always sofocused that we never got distracted, we'd miss potential changes, such as threats in our environment. 20A. Distraction is vital fbr survival.B. One of the most obvious things is eliminating （消除）noise.C. Therefore, brain training can effectively shorten an attention span.D. These include making a list of what you have to do or finding a quiet workspace.E. Staying focused can be a great challenge.F. So, keeping your mind busy might be the answer.G. Distraction is equally as important as concentration.三、完形填空This year, I made 21 my mind （hat it would be a （n）22 cleaning and wetried to rid our house of years' of accumulated （堆积的）stuff.The stuff was everywhere in our house, lining the walls, filling the shelves and 23 the closets （壁橱）.I couldivt remember how I got some of it, but I knew I wanted it 24 now. The stuff was messing up not only my home but also my 25 not bringing me any bit of 26 .Then we got down to cleaning. It turned out to be a 27 job. Twcnty-year-old bills and receipts were thrown in the （rash bin. Outdated 28 were cleared from file cabinets. Broken bowls and damaged handcrafts also found their 29 straight to （he trash as well. Unworn clothes and unused pans were packed up to be donated to the local charity. Old books were 30 up to be passed onto others to read and enjoy.In spite of days' hard work, it 31 that I was able to walk throu