查补易混易错12 动词的语态（2022年中考三轮冲刺) （解析版）-中考英语备考资料重点汇总知识点归纳.docx

查补易混易错12动词的语态01解读考点考向动词的被动语态主要考查：一般现在时的被动语态，一般过去时的被动语态，含有 情态动词的被动语态，特别是一般将来时的被动语态。命题趋势：近年来的命题趋势主要在具体的语境中考查般过去时的被动语态和含 有情态动词的被动语态，中考五星高频考点，题目难度中等，在全国各地中考试卷选填题中考查较多。防易混易错归纳易错01在时间、条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时的被动语态表示将来时的被动语态。易错02固定结构中的介词或副词在被动结构中不可省去。易错03有些动词如write, read, sell, wash, open等当强调动作执行情况时，有被动语态；当 用作不及物动词来说明主语本身所具有的特征时，无被动语态。易错04在“tooto”结构和形容词enough io do结构中，通常用主动形式表示被动意 义。易错。5常见的被动语态的句型搭配：据说It is said that.据报导.h is reported that.据推测.It is supposed that.希望. It is hoped that.众所周知. It is well known that.普遍认为.It is generally considered that.有人建议. It is suggested that滔真题好题演练2021 真题演练1. （2021湖北十堰市中考真题）Fishingin order to protect the ecosystem of HanjiangRiver.A. allowsB. is allowedC. isn't allowedD. won't allow【答案】C【详解】句意：为了保护汉江的生态系统，禁止捕鱼。考查被动语态。句子主语Fishing与 动词之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且这种行为是不被允许的，应用否定形式，故选Co2. （2021黑龙江大庆市中考真题）It 100 years since the Communist Parly.A. was; was foundedB. has been; was foundedC. has been; foundedD. was; founded【答案】B【详解】句意：共产党成立已经100年了。考杳动词时态。根据时间状语从句“since the Communist Party.可知,空一应用现在完成时,构成形式为：have/has done；主语"It”是 第三人称单数形式，助动词应用has； be的过去分词是been； since引导的时间状语从句应 用般过去时，且主语和动词之间是动宾关系，故应用般过去时的被动语态，构成形式 为：was/were done：主语“the Communist Party”是第三人称单数形式，助动词应用was； found的过去分词是foundedo故选B。3. （2021辽宁盘锦市中考真题）If the science fiction into English, it will be populararound the world.A. translatesB. is translated C. translatedD. was translated【答案】B【详解】句意：如果这部科幻小说被翻译成英文，它将会在全世界受到欢迎。考查一般现 在时被动语态。if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现“，从句用一般现在时。主语“the science fiction”与动词“translate”之间是被动关系，故此处应填般现在时被动语态is/am/are done的结构，故选Bo4. （2021 福建中考真题）Many research labsin the next 5 years to develop science andtechnology in China.A. are building B. will be built C. were built【答案】B【详解】句意：未来5年，中国将建立许多研究实验室来发展科学技术。考查一般将来时 的被动语态。主语Many research labs是动作build的承受者,用被动语态,根据时间状语 “in the next 5 years”可知，此处是一般将来时的被动语态，其构成是will be done。故选Be 5. （2021黑龙江鸡西市中考真题）Our sports meetinguntil the end of July.A. puts offB. will put off C. will be put off【答案】C【详解】句意：我们的运动会将推迟到七月底。考查被动语态。句子主语sports meeting与 动词pul off之间是被动关系，应用被动结构，结合选项可知，C选项是般将来时的被 动，故选c。6. （2021海南中考真题）The play Teahouseby the famous Chinese writer Lao She.A. wroteB. was writing C. was written【答案】C【详解】句意：著名的中国作家老舍写了话剧茶馆。考查动词的时态和语态。根据主语 “The play Teahouse''the famous Chinese writer Lao She”可知表达被动含义，用一般过 去时的被动形式"was written”。故选C。7. （2021内蒙古包头市中考真题）Tea from China began to he sent abroad more than a thousand years ago and since then it to the world.A. was known B. is knownC. has been known D. knows【答案】C【详解】句意：中国茶在一千多年前就开始运往国外，从那时起就为世界所知。考查现在 完成时。根据“since then”可知，此处应使用现在完成时。故选C。8. （2021广西贵港市中考真题）一Mum, could I help you take out the rubbish?一Sure. Bui it into different kinds fbr recycling first.A. separatesB. should separateC. was separatedD. should be separated【答案】D【详解】句意：一妈妈，我能帮你把垃圾拿出去吗？一确定。但是首先应该把它们分成不 同的种类进行回收。考查时态和语态辨析。主语“it”与动词separate之间是动宾关系，用被 动语态；结合常识可知此处讲垃圾应该先被分类，用含情态动词should的的被动语态，其 结构为should be done。故选D。2022 名校模拟1. （2022 黑龙江佳木斯中考模拟）When wc were young, wc to treat others withkindness and warmth.A. teachB. taughtC. were taught【答案】C【详解】句意：当我们年轻的时候，我们被教导要用善良和热情对待别人。考查时态和语态。根据"When wc were young”可知年轻时候是被教导，wc与teach之间是 动宾关系，再itTwere”可知用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done。故选C。2. （2022 重庆南开中学中考模拟）一Cindy, why don't you wear the dress I bought for you last week?一Sorry, mom, but I don't really care fbr the color. I am fourteen now, I should to choose my own clothes! So please do take me next time when you go shopping!A. allowB. not allowC. be allowedD. not beallowed 【答案】C【详解】句意：辛迪，你为什么不穿我上周给你买的裙子呢？对不起，妈妈，我不 喜欢这种颜色。我现在十四岁了，我应该被允许选择我自己的衣服！所以下次你去购物的时 候一定要带我去！考查被动语态。根据"So please do take me next time when you go shopping!”可知希望被允许 自己挑衣服，“I”与allow之间是动宾关系，此处用含情态动词的被动语态should be done。故选Co3. （2022 黑龙江龙东中考模拟）一Look at （he sign on the right, please.Oh, parking here.A. doesnU allowB. isn'l allowedC. didn't allow【答案】B【详解】句意：一请看右边的标志。一哦，这里不允许停车。考查被动语态。分析句子结构可知，主语“parking”和谓语“allow”之间是被动关系，应用被 动语态be done«故选B«4. （2022 江苏盐城亭湖区中考模拟）Today Chineseby more and morepeople in the world.A. speakB. was spokenC. spokeD. isspoken 【答案】D【详解】句意：今天，世界上越来越多的人说汉语。考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据时间状语“Today”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，故排除 B、C项。汉语是被人们说，是被动关系，应该用被动语态。故选D。5. （2022 江苏徐州中考模拟）If everyone puts in more effort, the tasks in fivedays.A. were finishedB. are finishedC. have been finishedD. will be finished【答案】D【详解】句意：如果每个人都更加努力，任务将在五天内完成。考查一般将来时的被动语态。finish“完成”，根据if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原 则以及主语“ihelasks”和动词“finish”是被动关系可知，空缺处应该用一般将来时的被动语 态，故选D。6. （2022 江西安高中考模拟）Books and magazines in our school library by all thestudents. But we must return them within a month.A. can borrowB. may borrowC. might be borrowedD.can beborrowed【答案】D【详解】句意：我们学校图书馆的书籍和杂志可以被所有的学生借走。但我们必须在一个月 内归还。考查情态动词和被动语态。can能，可以；may可能；might可能。根据“Books and magazines in our school library.by all the students.”可知，书籍和杂志可以被所有学生借到， 故情态动词用can,此句应该为被动语态，故选D。7. （2022 重庆外国语中考模拟）Now Chinese couplesto have three children toreduce the pressure of an aging population.A. encourageB. encouragedC. are encouragedD. wereencouraged【答案】C【详解】句意：现在，中国鼓励夫妻生三个孩子，以减轻人口老龄化的压力。考查动词的时态和语态。主语是Chinese couples和谓语动词encourage之间存在被动关 系，根据时间状语now可知，是一般现在时态的被动语态，其结构是“bedone”的形式， 主语是Chinese couples是复数，be动词用are, encourage “鼓励”，是动词，过去分词是 encouraged, 故选 C。